新华社伦敦8月4日电 一项4日发表在英国《自然-医学》杂志上的新研究显示，即使遵循英国官方 健康饮食建议减重，摄入超加工食品也可能阻碍减重效果。 超加工食品由食品提取物、添加剂和工业成分混合制成。这类食品通常价格低廉，且含糖含盐量较 高。低加工食品则是指仅经过清洗、切割、冷藏等简单处理的食品，如新鲜果蔬、冷藏肉类、牛奶等。 为对比不同加工程度食品对体重管理的影响，研究人员以55名英国成年人为研究对象，让他们遵循 英国官方膳食指南，分别采取为期8周基于低加工食品和超加工食品的饮食模式。两种饮食模式之间间 隔4周，其间参与者可恢复正常饮食。 结果显示，参与者在摄入低加工食品期间，平均减重1.84公斤；摄入超加工食品期间，平均减重 0.88公斤。前者几乎是后者的两倍。此外，摄入低加工食品期间，参与者的脂肪量、体脂百分比和内脏 脂肪水平均有所减少，而在摄入超加工食品期间未观察到这一变化。 目前尚不清楚两种饮食模式具体如何影响体重。研究人员推测，超加工食品可能会让人更快地进 食，从而延迟饱腹感并导致能量摄入增加；添加剂和食品加工方式也可能对肠道微生物产生影响。 研究人员表示，在英国，普通人饮食中超过一半的能量来自超加工 ...

Group 1 - Coca-Cola has agreed to use real cane sugar in its cola beverages sold in the U.S., as announced by President Trump [1] - Currently, Coca-Cola sells a version of its cola made with cane sugar in Mexico, but it has not confirmed whether all U.S. beverages will switch to cane sugar [1] - The original Coca-Cola sold in the U.S. uses high fructose corn syrup, which is derived from corn and is widely used due to its stability, lower cost, and higher sweetness [1] Group 2 - According to the USDA, cane sugar is expected to account for about 30% of domestic sugar supply in the 2025-2026 period, with the remainder coming from beet sugar and imports [2] - Following the announcement, shares of corn syrup manufacturer Archer-Daniels-Midland (ADM) fell by as much as 8% in after-hours trading, while Coca-Cola's stock remained relatively unchanged [2] - The president of the American Corn Refiners Association criticized the move to replace high fructose corn syrup with cane sugar, arguing it could lead to job losses in the U.S. food manufacturing sector and increased imports of foreign sugar without nutritional benefits [2]

Core Viewpoint - The California State Assembly has passed a bill to prohibit the sale of ultra-processed foods in K-12 schools, highlighting concerns over health risks associated with these food products [1] Group 1: Legislative Action - The bill was passed on June 3 by the California State Assembly [1] - The legislation targets ultra-processed foods, which are defined as foods that have undergone multiple processing stages and typically contain five or more industrial ingredients [1] Group 2: Health Concerns - Research has established a link between ultra-processed foods and various types of cancer [1] - These foods are often characterized by high sugar, high fat, and high calorie content [1]

撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 目前， 超加工食品 （ Ultra-processed food，UPF） 的消费量大幅上升，且与多种慢性疾病的发生呈同步增长态势，但背后具体的因果机制仍不清楚。 为了改善食品的风味、质地、保质期和生物安全性， 热处理 是食品工业的首选方法。加热时会形成中间体和可逆的美拉德反应产物，这些产物可稳定为膳食晚期 糖基化终末产物 （dAGE） 。像 煮 和 蒸 这样的烹饪方式产生的晚期糖基化终末产物 （AGE） 的量较低，而 烘焙 和 烧烤 由于温度较高且是干热，产生的 AGE 量则较多。 2025 年 4 月 24 日，比利时鲁汶大学的研究人员在 Cell 子刊 Cell Reports Medicine 上发表了题为： Cooking methods affect advanced glycation end products and lipid profiles: A randomized cross-over study in healthy subjects 的研究论文。 这项在健康受试者中进行的随机交叉试验显示， 在食材完全相同的情况下， 烹饪方式会改变食物的生物 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of a balanced diet and the challenges individuals face in achieving "normal eating" habits, highlighting that the first step in weight loss is not necessarily eating less, but rather understanding and adhering to proper dietary guidelines [2][6][35]. Dietary Guidelines - A standard meal should consist of half vegetables and fruits, with a significant portion being vegetables, and the other half comprising grains and quality proteins [4][5]. - The 2022 Chinese Dietary Guidelines recommend that adults consume a variety of foods, aiming for at least 12 different types daily and no less than 25 types weekly [5][7]. Nutritional Challenges - Many individuals struggle with "hidden hunger," where they may consume enough calories but lack essential nutrients, affecting overall health [10]. - The average daily caloric intake in China from 2020 to 2022 was approximately 3200 kcal, exceeding both the global average and the recommended levels for different activity levels [11]. Fat and Sugar Consumption - The recommended fat intake should be 20%-30% of total daily calories, but actual consumption has exceeded these guidelines, reaching 34.6% in recent years [12]. - High sugar diets contribute to fat accumulation without significantly increasing body weight, with sugary beverages and processed foods being major culprits [13][25]. Social and Environmental Influences - Social gatherings can lead to increased food consumption, with studies showing that calorie intake can rise by 76% during group meals [18]. - The design of food packaging and marketing strategies can create "caloric traps," leading to unintentional overeating [20]. Processed Foods - The consumption of ultra-processed foods in China has nearly doubled from 2002 to 2016, which are often high in sugar, fat, and calories but low in nutritional value [24]. - These foods are linked to rising obesity rates and chronic diseases, while minimally processed foods are associated with weight management [25]. Eating Habits and Weight Management - Irregular eating patterns, such as skipping meals, can lead to weight gain, with studies indicating that those who skip breakfast are at a higher risk of obesity [30]. - The article suggests that maintaining regular meal times and being mindful of portion sizes can help manage weight effectively [28][34]. Physical Activity - A sedentary lifestyle is identified as a significant factor contributing to obesity, highlighting the need for regular physical activity alongside a balanced diet [31][32]. - The 2023 guidelines recommend at least 150-300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise weekly for weight management [34].

克里斯·范·图勒肯认为，欧美的饮食文化已被超加工食品摧毁，但中国人还有机会。 文丨曾梦龙 编辑丨钱杨 商业公司是运动风潮的重要推动力量。Nike 连续 12 年赞助上海马拉松，以非凡地耐心助推着一个习惯的形成。当 lululemon 请瘦了 100 斤的艺人贾玲代言， 也在暗示运动可以改变人的形体和面貌。甚至在一罐汽水里放进 9 颗方糖的可口可乐，也通过赞助研究和活动，论证喝甜水不是问题，肥胖的人只是运动太少 了。 12年前就有研究证明[1]，运动的功效被公司显著夸大了——它有益健康，但对减肥帮助很小。根据严格的追踪，走 10 多公里狩猎的坦桑尼亚猎人和开车上 班、久坐办公室的美国白领每天燃烧的能量几乎相等。这是因为人体会自动调节，如果你运动多，其他时间大脑就会强迫身体降低能耗，从而让能量消耗和不 运动时相当。 换句话说，运动能增加的消耗有限。而一个人只要吃的能量大于消耗的，就不会变瘦。就如一些科学家提醒的——你跑不过糟糕的饮食。但市面上有着许多宣 传运动减肥的活动和研究。这更多是商业力量驱动。全球食品巨头们常常暗示，人们肥胖是由于运动不够、自制力不强。 最近十多年的科学研究发现，人们肥胖与运动、意志力、糖都 ...