系统重要性银行是指规模较大、业务复杂、与其他金融机构关联性强，在金融体系中居于重要地位的银 行。世界各国往往对其采取更严格的监管措施，以保障其更加稳健持续发展，确保金融稳定和金融安 全。 2021年10月，中国人民银行、原银保监会联合发布《系统重要性银行附加监管规定（试行）》，要求第 一组到第五组的银行分别适用0.25%、0.5%、0.75%、1%和1.5%的附加资本要求。系统重要性银行在满 足杠杆率要求的基础上，应额外满足附加杠杆率要求。附加杠杆率要求为系统重要性银行附加资本要求 的50%，由一级资本满足。 在公布最新名单的同时，两部门也表示，下一步将按照《系统重要性银行附加监管规定（试行）》要 求，发挥好宏观审慎管理与微观审慎监管合力，持续夯实系统重要性银行附加监管，促进系统重要性银 行安全稳健经营和健康发展，更好服务实体经济高质量发展。 《每日经济新闻》记者注意到，对比2023年度名单，最新名单有两处变化，一是浙商银行（601916）新 入选我国系统重要性银行，二是兴业银行（601166）分组由第三组调整至第二组。 具体来看，最新名单按系统重要性得分从低到高分为5组：第一组11家，包括中国民生银行、中国 ...

Investment Rating - The report assigns a "Buy" rating for the banking sector, indicating an expectation of stock performance exceeding the market by more than 10% over the next 12 months [58]. Core Insights - In 2025, the banking sector's asset growth is projected to be 8.01%, an increase from 6.52% in 2024, driven by factors such as fiscal stimulus, cross-border capital inflows, and the activation of maturing deposits [5][13]. - The report identifies two key cycles affecting asset pricing in banking: the bank expansion cycle and the interest margin cycle, suggesting a comprehensive analysis of these cycles [5][13]. - The debt cycle is characterized as a fundamental aspect of the bank expansion cycle, with a model proposed by Dalio outlining seven stages of a typical debt cycle, which can be influenced by external debt reliance [16][19]. - The report anticipates limited upward space for the debt cycle in 2026, with government leverage expected to increase by 5.89%, lower than the 7.6% projected for 2025 [35][36]. - The banking interest margin cycle is expected to stabilize in 2025, following two complete cycles since 2010, with a correlation observed between bank interest margins and the 30Y-10Y government bond spread [41][45]. Summary by Sections Bank Expansion Cycle - The asset growth rates for different types of banks in 2025 are projected as follows: state-owned banks at 11%, joint-stock banks at 4.74%, city commercial banks at 9.68%, and rural commercial banks at 5.17%, all exceeding the average growth rate [5][13]. - The report emphasizes the importance of understanding the relationship between bank assets and liabilities, highlighting that credit and debt expansion are cyclical and self-reinforcing [15][16]. Debt Cycle Analysis - The report outlines that the current debt cycle, which began in 2022, has lasted 16 quarters, surpassing previous cycles, and indicates a shift in leverage dynamics among enterprises, government, and households [35][36]. - The analysis includes a comparison of deflationary and inflationary debt cycles, noting that the U.S. faces greater inflationary pressures due to higher external debt reliance compared to China [21][19]. Interest Margin Cycle - The report notes that the banking interest margin has experienced significant fluctuations since 2010, with a stabilization phase expected to begin in 2025 [41][45]. - It highlights the impact of loan repricing cycles on interest margins, with a notable decline in loan rates observed in recent years [49][50].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China and the National Financial Regulatory Administration have conducted the 2025 assessment of systemically important banks, identifying 21 domestic banks categorized into five groups based on their systemic importance scores [1] Group 1: Assessment of Systemically Important Banks - A total of 21 domestic systemically important banks have been recognized, including 6 state-owned commercial banks, 10 joint-stock commercial banks, and 5 city commercial banks [1] - The banks are divided into five groups based on their systemic importance scores, with the first group consisting of 11 banks, the second group having 4 banks, the third group with 2 banks, the fourth group containing 4 banks, and the fifth group having no banks [1] Group 2: Breakdown of Bank Groups - The first group includes: China Minsheng Bank, China Everbright Bank, Ping An Bank, Huaxia Bank, Ningbo Bank, Jiangsu Bank, Beijing Bank, Nanjing Bank, Guangfa Bank, Zheshang Bank, and Shanghai Bank [1] - The second group consists of: Industrial Bank, China CITIC Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, and China Postal Savings Bank [1] - The third group includes: Bank of Communications and China Merchants Bank [1] - The fourth group comprises: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, and Agricultural Bank of China [1] - The fifth group currently has no banks included [1] Group 3: Future Regulatory Actions - The People's Bank of China and the National Financial Regulatory Administration will implement additional regulatory measures for systemically important banks according to the "Regulations on Additional Supervision of Systemically Important Banks (Trial)" [1] - The aim is to enhance the synergy between macro-prudential management and micro-prudential supervision, ensuring the safe and sound operation of systemically important banks [1] - This initiative is intended to better support the high-quality development of the real economy [1]

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China and the National Financial Regulatory Administration have published the list of systemically important banks for 2025, with notable changes including the inclusion of Zheshang Bank as the 10th national joint-stock bank and adjustments in rankings for several other banks [2][3][4]. Group 1: Systemically Important Banks - A total of 21 banks have been recognized as systemically important, categorized into five groups based on their importance scores [3][4]. - The first group includes 11 banks such as China Minsheng Bank and Zheshang Bank, while the second group includes 4 banks including Industrial Bank and China Postal Savings Bank [3][4]. - The list comprises 6 state-owned commercial banks, 10 joint-stock commercial banks, and 5 city commercial banks, with Zheshang Bank marking the first time the number of joint-stock banks has reached 10 [3][4]. Group 2: Regulatory Implications - Being classified as a systemically important bank enhances a bank's credibility and brand image but also necessitates greater resource allocation for internal control and risk management to meet stricter regulatory standards [2][4]. - The additional capital requirements for these banks vary by group, with the first group requiring an additional 0.25% capital and the fifth group requiring 1.5% [5][6]. Group 3: Specific Bank Analysis - Zheshang Bank, which officially opened in August 2004, reported a revenue of 33.248 billion yuan and a net profit of 7.667 billion yuan for the first half of 2025, with total assets of 3.35 trillion yuan and a non-performing loan ratio of 1.36% [6]. - The inclusion of Zheshang Bank in the systemically important list is expected to enhance its market reputation and brand influence, while also imposing stricter requirements on its capital adequacy and governance [6][7]. - For Industrial Bank, moving from the third to the second group may alleviate some capital pressure and reduce compliance costs, reflecting a relative improvement rather than a decline in operational performance [7].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommended" rating for the banking sector, highlighting the continued attractiveness of high dividend yields and low valuations for long-term investors [5]. Core Insights - The banking sector is expected to benefit from a stable growth in scale and a recovery in net profit growth, with a year-on-year increase of 2.33% in net profit for 2025 [9][11]. - The central bank's monetary policy will continue to be moderately accommodative, focusing on structural optimization and financial support for key areas such as domestic demand and small and medium enterprises [7][8]. - The phenomenon of "deposit migration" is impacting the liability structure of banks, but overall liquidity remains stable [8][9]. Summary by Sections Latest Research Insights - The central bank's 2025Q4 monetary policy report emphasizes maintaining ample liquidity and optimizing financial resource allocation through fiscal and monetary policy coordination [7]. - The report indicates that the average weighted interest rate for new loans in 2025 was 3.15%, a decrease of 9 basis points compared to the previous year [7]. Weekly Market Performance - The banking sector underperformed the market, with a decline of 1.31% compared to a 0.36% increase in the CSI 300 index [5]. - The current price-to-book ratio for the banking sector is 0.64, with a dividend yield of 4.64% [5]. Regulatory and Policy Updates - The banking sector's key regulatory indicators for 2025Q4 show a net profit growth recovery, with total assets increasing by 9% year-on-year [9][10]. - The non-performing loan ratio decreased to 1.5%, indicating an improvement in asset quality across various types of banks [10][11]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on banks with low valuations and high dividend yields, recommending specific banks such as ICBC, Agricultural Bank of China, and Postal Savings Bank [5][39]. - The anticipated continuation of accommodative monetary policy and structural financial support is expected to enhance the effectiveness of policies aimed at boosting domestic demand [5][7].

我国系统重要性银行新增一家。 系统重要性银行是指银行中规模较大、地位重要的少数银行。因为其结构和业务复杂、与其他金融 机构关联性强，在金融体系中具有举足轻重的地位，往往对其采取更严格的监管措施，以保障其更加稳 健持续发展，解决"大而不能倒"问题，防范化解金融风险，确保金融稳定和金融安全。 下一步，中国人民银行、国家金融监督管理总局将按照《系统重要性银行附加监管规定（试行）》 要求，发挥好宏观审慎管理与微观审慎监管合力，持续夯实系统重要性银行附加监管，促进系统重要性 银行安全稳健经营和健康发展，更好服务实体经济高质量发展。 (责任编辑：张厚为) 2月13日，2025年我国系统重要性银行名单公布。中国人民银行、国家金融监督管理总局开展了 2025年度我国系统重要性银行评估，认定21家国内系统重要性银行，其中国有商业银行6家、股份制商 业银行10家、城市商业银行5家。 第一财经记者注意到，与此前的名单相比，浙商银行新入选系统重要性银行，表明其系统重要性程 度有所上升。 在此次公布的名单中，按系统重要性得分从低到高分为五组：第一组11家，包括中国民生银行、中 国光大银行、平安银行、华夏银行、宁波银行、江苏银行、北京银 ...

Core Insights - The list of systemically important banks in China has been expanded for the first time in over two years, now including a total of 21 institutions [1][3] - The new list features two significant changes: Zhejiang Commercial Bank has been newly included, while Industrial Bank has been reclassified from the third group to the second group [3][4] Group Summary - The 21 systemically important banks are categorized into five groups based on their importance scores, with the first group containing 11 banks, including Zhejiang Commercial Bank, and the second group containing 4 banks, including Industrial Bank [4][5] - Zhejiang Commercial Bank's inclusion signals its significant scale and importance, enhancing its reputation among clients and investors, and it will now face stricter capital and leverage requirements [5][6] - Industrial Bank's reclassification to the second group indicates a relative decline in its assessment based on size, interconnectedness, substitutability, and complexity, although this does not necessarily reflect a deterioration in its operations [6][7] Regulatory Framework - Systemically important banks are subject to higher capital and leverage requirements due to their size and complexity, which are crucial for maintaining financial stability [8][9] - The assessment framework for these banks was established in December 2020, focusing on four dimensions: scale, interconnectedness, substitutability, and complexity [9] - The additional capital requirements for these banks vary by group, with the first group requiring an additional 0.25% and the second group requiring 0.5% [10][11]

陈海强，1974年10月出生，浙商银行党委书记、董事长。硕士学位、正高级经济师。陈海强曾任国家开发银行杭州分 行副主任科员，招商银行宁波北仑支行行长、宁波分行党委委员、行长助理、副行长，浙商银行宁波分行党委书记、 行长，杭州分行党委书记、行长，浙商银行行长助理，浙商银行党委委员、副行长、首席风险官，浙商银行党委副书 记、行长。现兼任浙江省国际商会常务副会长。 （浙商银行） 陈海强简历 2月13日，浙商银行发布公告称，2026年2月13日，该行收到《国家金融监督管理总局关于陈海强浙商银行董事长任职 资格的批复》（金复〔2026〕93号）。根据有关规定，国家金融监督管理总局已核准陈海强的董事长任职资格。 ...

Core Insights - The People's Bank of China and the National Financial Regulatory Administration released the list of systemically important banks (D-SIBs) for 2025, expanding the number of institutions from 20 to 21, with Zheshang Bank being the new addition [1][3] - The list reflects a significant internal reshuffling, with Industrial Bank being downgraded from the third group to the second group, indicating a re-evaluation of systemic risk profiles by regulators [3][8] Group Summaries - **First Group (10 Banks)**: Includes China Everbright Bank, China Minsheng Bank, Ping An Bank, Huaxia Bank, Ningbo Bank, Jiangsu Bank, Guangfa Bank, Shanghai Bank, Nanjing Bank, and Beijing Bank [5] - **Second Group (4 Banks)**: Comprises CITIC Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, China Postal Savings Bank, and now includes Industrial Bank [5][8] - **Third Group (3 Banks)**: Contains Bank of Communications, China Merchants Bank, and Industrial Bank [5][6] - **Fourth Group (4 Banks)**: Dominated by the four major state-owned banks: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, and Agricultural Bank of China [5][6] - **Fifth Group (0 Banks)**: No banks are currently classified in this group, which has the highest additional capital requirements [10] Zheshang Bank's Inclusion - Zheshang Bank's inclusion in the first group is attributed to its performance across four dimensions: scale, interconnectedness, substitutability, and complexity, achieving a weighted score that meets the threshold [6][11] - As of Q3 2025, Zheshang Bank's asset size reached 3.39 trillion yuan, with a core Tier 1 capital adequacy ratio rising by 0.02 percentage points to 8.40% [6][11] Industrial Bank's Downgrade - Industrial Bank's downgrade to the second group signifies a reduction in regulatory costs, as the additional capital requirement drops from 0.75% to 0.5%, potentially freeing up hundreds of billions in capital [8][10] - The downgrade reflects a shift in the competitive landscape, where Industrial Bank's relative advantages in market operations may have diminished due to the performance of peer banks [8][11] Regulatory Dynamics - The release of the new list comes after a gap of nearly 18 months, indicating a shift in regulatory oversight and a more cautious approach to data evaluation by the authorities [9][10] - The regulatory framework emphasizes both macro-prudential and micro-prudential management, requiring banks to meet various additional capital and leverage ratio requirements based on their group classification [10][11]

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China and the National Financial Regulatory Administration have updated the list of Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs), increasing the total from 20 to 21, with Zhejiang Commercial Bank being newly included [2][3]. Group Summaries Group 1 - The first group now includes 10 banks, such as China Everbright Bank, Minsheng Bank, and Ping An Bank, reflecting a strong position in the financial system [6]. - Zhejiang Commercial Bank's inclusion in this group indicates its significant role and improved risk profile within the banking sector [4][8]. Group 2 - The second group consists of four banks, including Citic Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, and Postal Savings Bank, with the addition of Industrial Bank [3][6]. - The adjustment of Industrial Bank to this group signifies a shift in its risk assessment and regulatory requirements [4]. Group 3 - The third group includes three banks: Bank of Communications, China Merchants Bank, and Industrial Bank, which maintain advantages in cross-regional operations and market coverage [3][6]. - The downgrade of Industrial Bank from the third to the second group reflects a relative loss of competitive edge in the financial market [6]. Group 4 - The fourth group remains unchanged with the four major state-owned banks: ICBC, ABC, BOC, and CCB, which continue to be the backbone of the national financial system [3][6]. - These banks are subject to the highest regulatory scrutiny due to their systemic importance [3]. Regulatory Insights - The update of the D-SIB list demonstrates a dynamic adjustment in the assessment of systemic risk, emphasizing the importance of both macro and micro-prudential regulations [3][7]. - The additional capital requirements for each group range from 0.25% to 1.5%, with the first group facing the lowest and the fifth group (currently empty) facing the highest [7][8]. - The regulatory framework aims to ensure that banks not only meet micro-level indicators but also adhere to macro-level capital and leverage requirements [7].