Public Disclosure Authorized Making Procurement Work Better Public Disclosure Authorized An Evaluation of the World Bank's Procurement System Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized © 2024 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org ATTRIBUTION Please cite the report as: World Bank. 2024. Making Procurement Work Better: An Evaluation of the World Bank's Procurement System. I ...

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 2 2 Public Disclosure Authorized VIET NAM 2045 TRADING UP IN A CHANGING WORLD Pathways to a High-Income Future 日目日 areaus 8.05 ABP HILLER VIET NAM 2045 TRADING UP IN A CHANGING WORLD Pathways to a High-Income Future 2 2 @2024 The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org 2 This work is a product of the staff of the World Bank with external contributions. The find ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - Cambodia's export-driven growth has led to a significant increase in freight demand, with containerized cargo movements increasing more than five-fold over the past 12 years. By 2030, trade volumes are expected to double, but high transport and logistics costs remain major bottlenecks to economic competitiveness [20][21][52]. - The Royal Government of Cambodia has developed the Comprehensive Intermodal Transport and Logistics System (CITLS) Master Plan for 2023–2033 to enhance transport sector performance and efficiency, but many projects are still in the conceptual phase [21][24]. - The report emphasizes the need for immediate investments and policy actions to unlock opportunities along existing transport corridors, focusing on short to medium-term priorities [22][52]. Summary by Sections Chapter 1: Importance of Regional Transport Connectivity - Trade, transport, and logistics efficiency are crucial for Cambodia's growth, with exports and imports by value growing by 340% from 2010 to 2021. Containerized cargo movements increased by 400% from 2010 to 2022 [57][60]. - High logistics costs in Cambodia are estimated at 26% of GDP, significantly higher than regional peers, with transportation costs comprising over 40% of total logistics costs [30][36]. Chapter 2: Overview of the Transport Sector - The transport sector analysis covers roads, inland waterways, maritime transport, and railways, highlighting inefficiencies in border clearance and trade procedures, as well as a significant infrastructure investment gap [30][36]. Chapter 3: Corridor Analysis - Three prioritized transport corridors are identified: - Corridor A: East-West road connecting Laem Chabang to Poipet, with significant development potential [37]. - Corridor B: Inland waterway corridor from Phnom Penh to Cai Mep, which offers lower transport costs [37]. - Corridor C: Existing rail corridor from Poipet to Phnom Penh, which requires upgrades to enhance its role in trade [37]. Chapter 4: Proposed Improvement Directions - Recommendations include improving cross-border transport and trade facilitation, modernizing the truck fleet, and enhancing the capacity and efficiency of inland waterways and railways [45][49]. - Specific actions are proposed for short-term and medium-term priorities, focusing on enhancing cross-border trade movement efficiency and improving road connectivity [49].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - The 2022 Colombian Tax Reform mandated the National Tax and Customs Authority (DIAN) to conduct gender-focused studies, leading to the establishment of institutional structures and strategies for sex-disaggregation in tax data [8][20]. - DIAN's experience in sex-disaggregating tax data aims to provide lessons for other revenue administrations and government agencies [8][20]. - The report highlights the importance of integrating gender perspectives into tax policies to promote inclusive economic growth and sustainable development [6][8]. Summary by Sections 1. Tax Data Disaggregation - DIAN has faced limitations in integrating gender-focused analysis into tax data, collaborating with the National Civil Registry to identify taxpayer sex under a restrictive information agreement [9][10]. - The latest strategy for disaggregating personal income tax data by sex involved merging taxpayer and pension data, using ID number rules, and applying a name-based algorithm [10][11]. 2. Data Disaggregation by Gender Identity - Since 2022, DIAN has invited taxpayers to voluntarily report their sex in four categories (male, female, non-binary, transgender) in tax returns, with about 1 million individuals declaring their sex in 2023 [13][14]. - The self-declaration option has been discontinued due to sensitivity concerns, and DIAN now retrieves this data from identity documents in the National Civil Registry [13][50]. 3. Lessons Learned - Key lessons from DIAN's experience include the importance of political commitment, competent technical staff, and inter-agency collaboration for effective data sharing [16][78]. - Challenges include the voluntary nature of self-reporting, sensitivity of information, and the need for accurate prediction models for sex classification [16][80]. 4. Methodologies and Institutional Strategies - DIAN's methodologies for data disaggregation evolved over time, with significant reforms and the establishment of working groups to handle data disaggregation [28][51]. - The report outlines the legal reforms and institutional strategies that facilitated the collection and analysis of sex-disaggregated data [28][51]. 5. Use of Disaggregated Data - The disaggregated data is utilized for internal analysis and policy evaluation, providing insights into gender differences in income distribution and wealth [59][60]. - Future analyses will focus on various tax regimes and additional factors such as marital status to enhance understanding of tax data by sex [65][66].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry under review Core Insights - The report emphasizes the importance of building a social contract in Somalia, focusing on state affordability, revenue mobilization, and service delivery in a nascent federal state [6][8] - It highlights that Somalia's domestic revenue-to-GDP ratio is currently the lowest in the world at 2.5%, with the state relying on official development assistance for nearly half of its budget [47][48] - The report outlines key questions for Somali policymakers regarding the type of state that can be afforded, enhancing domestic revenue, and delivering public services to increase trust in the state [47] Overview - The report discusses the challenges of state building in Somalia, particularly in the context of low tax capacity and reliance on donor funds [45][46] - It notes that the social contract is a dynamic agreement between the state and society, which is crucial for gaining legitimacy and maintaining social order [46] - The report indicates that significant progress has been made in state-building efforts over the past decade, including the adoption of a provisional constitution and the establishment of key federal institutions [47] Achieving State Affordability - The report explores the fiscal trends and challenges faced by Somalia in achieving state affordability [5] - It discusses the need for a minimal level of services to ensure state legitimacy, given the current low revenue base [47] Enhancing Domestic Revenue - The report outlines the goal of reaching a 4.5% tax-to-GDP ratio by 2030 and 9% by 2060, emphasizing the need for key revenue reforms [47] - It highlights the importance of fostering tax compliance among citizens and businesses to enhance domestic revenue [47] Delivering Services in a Nascent Federal State - The report addresses the division of labor in service delivery among national, state, and local governments [47] - It emphasizes the need for adequate resources and capacity at each level of government to effectively deliver public services [47]

The State of Economic Inclusion Report 2024 Pathways to Scale Inés Arévalo-Sánchez, Janet Heisey, Sarang Chaudhary, Timothy Clay, Victoria Strokova, Puja Vasudeva Dutta, and Colin Andrews The State of Economic Inclusion Report 2024 Scan the QR code to see this and prior editions of The State of Economic Inclusion Report. | --- | --- | --- | |--------------|--------------------|-------| | | | | | | | | | The State of | | | | | | | | | Economic Inclusion | | | Report 2024 | | | | | Pathways to Scale | | Inés ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - Economic growth in Algeria remained robust, with GDP growth at 3.9% year-on-year in H1-2024, supported by non-extractive sectors and dynamic investment [17][19] - Non-hydrocarbon exports have significant growth potential, having tripled since 2017 to reach 2.0% of GDP or US$ 5.1 billion in 2023, although they still represent a small fraction of total exports [20][34] - Inflation decelerated to 4.3% in the first nine months of 2024, down from 9.3% in 2022 and 2023, due to stabilization in fresh food prices and moderated import prices [17][19] Summary by Sections Chapter 1: Recent Economic Developments - Non-extractive GDP grew by 3.9% year-on-year in H1-2024, driven by strong investment growth and robust private consumption [38] - The current account reached balance in H1-2024, following a surplus of 2.3% of GDP in 2023, as export prices and volumes declined while import volumes remained high [17][19] - Inflation fell significantly in H1-2024, attributed to stabilized fresh food prices and a stable exchange rate [17][19] Chapter 2: Outlook and Risks - Growth is expected to slow moderately in 2024, with GDP projected to grow at 3.1%, while external and fiscal deficits are anticipated to widen [19][20] - Public debt is projected to reach 49.5% of GDP by the end of 2024, driven by declining hydrocarbon revenues and increased public spending [19][20] - A recovery in hydrocarbon output is expected to support growth rebound in 2025, although faster import growth may lead to a current account deficit [19][20] Chapter 3: Towards a Holistic Framework to Support Exports - Algeria's non-hydrocarbon export potential is significant, with a goal to export US$ 29 billion in non-hydrocarbon products by 2030 [20][34] - Productivity growth and conducive macroeconomic policies are essential for enhancing export competitiveness [20][34] - Adapting to global decarbonization efforts is crucial, as over 80% of Algeria's non-hydrocarbon exports to Europe are concentrated in carbon-intensive products [20][34]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the cooperative financial institutions (CFIs) sector Core Insights - Cooperative financial institutions (CFIs) have significant potential to enhance financial inclusion in underserved areas, particularly in rural and marginal urban regions, but face challenges due to inadequate regulation, weak financial safety nets, and limited management capacity [16][17] - The World Bank and Rabo Partnerships project aims to strengthen CFIs by improving their regulatory and supervisory frameworks, as well as their institutional capacities, across Colombia, Ethiopia, and West Africa [17][32] Summary by Sections Background and Objective of the Project - The project focuses on promoting CFIs as a means to enhance financial inclusion and mobilize private capital, particularly in rural areas where CFIs are often the only financial service providers [29][30] - Strengthening CFIs is seen as a cost-effective policy for financial sector development compared to creating new retail networks [23][30] Project Objective and Main Activities - The project employs a parallel approach, with the World Bank focusing on regulatory and supervisory improvements while Rabo Partnerships provides technical support to enhance operational capabilities of CFIs [32][34] Selection Process of Pilot Countries/Jurisdictions - Colombia, Ethiopia, and West Africa were selected based on their potential for public sector engagement and the relevance of the CFI sector for financial inclusion [41][43] Colombia - The cooperative sector in Colombia consists of 176 CFIs serving approximately 3.6 million members, with significant potential for agricultural development [47][44] - The project aims to improve regulatory frameworks and support integration among CFIs to enhance their operational efficiency [50][51] Ethiopia - Ethiopia has around 21,883 SACCOs serving over 6 million members, playing a crucial role in financial inclusion [54][45] - The project identifies the need for a specific SACCO law and improved regulatory frameworks to enhance the sector's effectiveness [55][57] West Africa - The CIF network in West Africa serves 5 million members and aims to enhance its supervisory and safety net functions [62][63] - The project focuses on improving governance and risk management within the CIF network to better serve its members [66][68] Lessons Learned - The project highlights the importance of parallel improvements in regulatory frameworks and institutional capacities for CFIs to thrive [72] - Greater consolidation within the CFI sector is essential for resilience, particularly in contexts affected by fragility, conflict, and violence [70][72]

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Global Regulations, Institutional Development, and Market Authorities Perspective Toolkit (GRIDMAP) | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | |-------|---------------|-------------------|-------|-------|-------| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Consumer | | | | | | | | Protection Module | | | | | | November 2024 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Finance, Competitiveness & Innovation Finance, Competitiveness & Innovation Public Disclosure Authorized Pu ...

Public Disclosure Authorized Water Security and Climate Change: Insights from Country Climate and Development Reports 1 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Water Security and Climate Change Insights from Country Climate and Development Reports WATER SECURITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE: INSIGHTS FROM COUNTRY CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT REPORTS ABOUT THE WATER GLOBAL PRACTICE Launched in 2014, the World Bank Group's Water Global Practice brings together financing, knowle ...