Group 1 - The "Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou" cluster has surpassed the "Tokyo-Yokohama" cluster to become the top-ranked innovation cluster according to the Global Innovation Index (GII) released by WIPO [1][2] - The GII rankings have been reshaped this year by incorporating venture capital (VC) transaction activities as a new indicator, which has significantly influenced the rankings of various clusters [1][3] - The top three clusters in terms of VC transactions are "San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara" (6.9%), New York City (4.5%), and London (4.4%) [2] Group 2 - The top three clusters for scientific paper publications are Beijing (4% of global total), "Shanghai-Suzhou" (2.5%), and "Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou" (2.4%) [2] - The highest PCT application share is held by "Tokyo-Yokohama" (10.3%), followed by "Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou" (9%) and Seoul (5.4%) [2] - The Global Innovation Index identifies world-class innovation activities based on three core indicators: international patent applications via WIPO's PCT, scientific paper publications, and the newly added venture capital transaction volume [2][3]

Core Insights - The Greater Bay Area (GBA) is experiencing a surge in technological innovation investment, but its original innovation capability remains weak, necessitating a shift from collaborative innovation to innovation clusters [1][2] - The GBA has become a significant source of innovation in China, with R&D expenditure intensity surpassing 4%, ranking second only to Beijing and Shanghai, and leading the nation in patent authorizations [1] - Despite high R&D investment in Guangdong, it still lags behind developed countries, indicating a need for improvement in core technology control and collaborative innovation among the three regions [1] Summary by Sections Technological Innovation - The GBA is entering an active phase of technological innovation with substantial increases in investment [1] - The region's original innovation capability is still not strong, with a need to enhance original innovation momentum to support international competitiveness [1] R&D Investment - The GBA's R&D expenditure intensity has exceeded 4%, making it a crucial innovation driver in the country [1] - Patent authorization in the GBA has reached the highest level nationwide, indicating a robust innovation environment [1] Challenges and Recommendations - The GBA faces new challenges in building an international technology innovation center, particularly in enhancing original innovation capabilities and achieving significant original results [1] - It is recommended that the GBA transition from a following model to leading in specific advantageous fields and construct a technology finance system that aligns with technological innovation needs [2]