Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the significant increase in grain production and acquisition in Changchun, with a record high of 1,116.5 million tons of new grain collected by the end of the 2024 acquisition period, marking a year-on-year increase of 19.6 million tons [1] - Changchun's agricultural output value reached 184 billion yuan, with per capita disposable income for farmers increasing by over 30% compared to five years ago, reaching 21,774 yuan [1] - The grain production in Changchun is projected to reach a historical high of 25.99 billion jin in 2024, with an increase in grain yield to 1,090.2 jin per mu [1] Group 2 - Changchun has implemented comprehensive grain quality safety monitoring, with 502 batches of grain and oil samples tested to ensure the safety of newly harvested grains and finished products [2] - The city has established a modern agricultural system with 13.03 million mu of high-standard farmland, addressing issues related to black soil degradation through collaboration with the Chinese Academy of Sciences [2][3] - The agricultural processing industry in Changchun is expected to reach a scale of 78.71 billion yuan in output value in 2024, accounting for one-third of the province's agricultural processing output [6]

Core Insights - The article highlights the successful implementation of straw utilization methods in the province, achieving a comprehensive utilization rate of 93.16% by the end of last year, an increase of 13 percentage points since 2015, positioning the province among the top in the country [1][2] Group 1: Straw Utilization Methods - The province has adopted a "five transformations" approach (feed, fuel, fertilizer, substrate, and raw material) to enhance the comprehensive utilization of straw [1] - Key methods include returning straw to the fields, which is integrated with conservation tillage and black soil protection projects, covering 13.5 million acres of conservation tillage and 4 million acres of straw return [1] - The combination of organic fertilizers and straw return has been implemented on 2 million acres, significantly improving soil organic matter content and crop yields [1] Group 2: Livestock Feed and Clean Energy - The province has launched the "straw to meat" initiative, converting straw into high-value feed for over 11 million herbivorous livestock [2] - In terms of fuel utilization, the province has made strides in rural clean heating, replacing fossil fuels with straw, adding three large biogas companies and 20 straw direct combustion boilers, achieving a total capacity of 1,000 steam tons [2] - The effective utilization of straw has led to a significant reduction in open burning and improper disposal, contributing to improved air quality across 14 cities [2] Group 3: Technological Innovations and Standards - New technologies have emerged in straw utilization, with straw-based carbon fertilizer technology recognized as one of the top ten leading technologies by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs [2] - The province has established 38 local standards related to straw utilization and black soil protection, covering various technical methods and machinery products [2] - Ongoing research is focused on improving the disposal of vegetable straw in facility agriculture, with promising techniques being tested in the western Liaoning region [2]

Group 1 - The province will implement black land protection and utilization on 500,000 acres in four counties: Faku, Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County, Changtu, and Xifeng [1] - The initiative aims to enhance soil quality and support grain production through various agricultural measures, including organic fertilizer application and deep tillage [1] - The project encourages the use of livestock manure for organic fertilizer, supported by a "government subsidy + farmer self-application" model [1] Group 2 - The province is a significant area for black soil distribution, with approximately 28 million acres of typical black soil across 7 cities and 17 counties [2] - Recent efforts have integrated various projects related to crop residue utilization and black soil protection, resulting in notable achievements in black soil conservation [2] - A total of 504 black soil quality monitoring points have been established, exceeding national requirements and providing support for evaluating project effectiveness [2]

Core Insights - The article highlights the significance of black soil in China, referred to as the "panda of arable land," and discusses the results of a comprehensive survey conducted in Northeast China to assess black soil resources [1][2]. Group 1: Survey Overview - The survey, conducted by the China Geological Survey over three years, covered 41.17 million square kilometers across 83 key black soil protection counties, collecting 184,643 samples and analyzing 115 indicators [1]. - The survey established a quantifiable boundary for black soil, identifying a distribution area of 387,500 square kilometers, which accounts for approximately 94% of the surveyed area [1]. Group 2: Key Findings - The survey revealed an overall improvement in the stability of black soil resources in Northeast China, evaluated through six indicators including surface matrix layer configuration and black soil thickness [1]. - Carbon storage estimates from the survey indicated a total carbon storage of 3.401 billion tons and organic carbon storage of 2.117 billion tons in the top two meters of the surface matrix layer, supporting China's "dual carbon" goals [2]. Group 3: Implications for Resource Management - The findings provide critical support for the protection and planning of black soil resources, offering new perspectives on issues such as soil erosion, land desertification, and salinization in black soil regions [2][3].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of land protection for food security, ecological balance, and sustainable development, with a strict adherence to the 1.8 billion mu arable land red line [1] - From 2021 to 2024, the cumulative reduction in land consumption per unit GDP is 15.97%, achieving the "14th Five-Year Plan" target ahead of schedule [1] - The implementation of the strictest arable land protection and land-saving systems has led to improved efficiency in land use, supporting China's modernization efforts [1] Group 2 - The quality of arable land is crucial, with black soil being referred to as the "panda of arable land," and efforts are being made to protect and utilize it effectively [2] - A survey covering 83 key black soil protection counties in Northeast China shows that 86.34% of the black soil areas are stable or relatively stable [2] - By the end of 2024, over 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland will have been established, with significant achievements in resource-saving and intensive land use [2] Group 3 - The "tenglong huan niao" (replacing the old with the new) approach is being used to redevelop inefficient land, releasing approximately 500 mu of construction land for new projects [3] - The introduction of a smart heavy machinery manufacturing center in Qingdao has led to an annual sales revenue of 15 billion yuan, transforming the area from low land utilization to higher productivity [3] Group 4 - As of April this year, a total of 1.7047 million mu of inefficient land has been redeveloped in pilot cities, yielding positive results [4] - The Ministry of Natural Resources plans to further expand and deepen the pilot projects for inefficient land redevelopment, aiming to establish a more favorable policy and regulatory framework [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the completion of a three-year survey on black soil resources in Northeast China, covering 83 key protection counties and establishing a quantifiable boundary for black soil [1][3] - The survey area spans 411,700 square kilometers, accounting for approximately 38% of the total black soil area in China, with specific criteria for defining black soil based on soil thickness and organic matter content [3] - The survey results categorize black soil into stable, relatively stable, vulnerable, and degraded zones, with stable and relatively stable areas making up 86.34% and medium to high-quality black soil areas comprising 88.66% [5] Group 2 - The investigation reveals that issues such as soil erosion, desertification, and salinization are closely related to the types of surface matrix structures, providing new perspectives for targeted management [7] - The findings will support the classification, registration, and high-standard farmland construction of black soil, with applications already in progress in various projects across Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning provinces [7][8] - Future efforts will focus on integrating survey results with land spatial planning, agricultural industry layout, ecological restoration, and carbon sink assessment, shifting the approach from "surface management" to "matrix management" [8]

Group 1 - The article highlights the improvement of soil quality in Heilongjiang's black land through the use of organic fertilizers and innovative agricultural practices [1][3] - The North China Agricultural Group's Heshan Farm has implemented a green cycle agriculture pilot project since 2021, utilizing crop straw for livestock feed and returning fermented manure to the soil, enhancing soil structure and fertility [1] - The farm has established two modern closed fermentation bags for dairy cattle, capable of converting 120,000 tons of manure annually [1] Group 2 - The Baquanling Farm has adopted smart agricultural technology, using sensors to monitor soil parameters in real-time, which has improved soil monitoring efficiency by 85% and data accuracy to over 98% [3] - The data collected supports scientific fertilization and soil improvement, contributing to a long-term monitoring database for black land protection [3] - The transformation of small plots into larger fields has increased planting efficiency and reduced soil erosion risks, with an average yield increase of over 100 jin per mu after the transformation [4]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of modern agricultural practices in Jilin Province, focusing on the protection and enhancement of black soil through innovative farming techniques and the promotion of sustainable agriculture [2][10]. Group 1: Agricultural Practices - Jilin Province is prioritizing the development of modern agriculture, with a focus on technology, green practices, quality, and branding [2]. - The "Lishu Model" of conservation tillage, which includes straw returning to the soil, has shown significant benefits, such as increasing soil organic matter and moisture retention [5][6]. - The adoption of advanced agricultural machinery, such as the seventh-generation multifunctional precision seeder, has improved efficiency and reduced labor [8]. Group 2: Economic Impact - The implementation of the "Lishu Model" has led to a 30-40% increase in grain yield for farmers, while also reducing the need for chemical fertilizers and pesticides [6]. - Jilin's agricultural output is projected to exceed 90 million acres, with a focus on high-standard farmland and sustainable practices [10]. - The local economy is benefiting from the production of various corn-based products, with fresh corn prices reaching 5-10 yuan per ear, significantly higher than previous prices [9]. Group 3: Community Engagement - Farmers are increasingly aware of the need to protect black soil and are actively participating in sustainable practices, such as using organic fertilizers and reducing chemical inputs [9]. - The establishment of modern production lines for corn processing has created job opportunities for local residents, enhancing community livelihoods [9]. - The upcoming 10th Lishu Black Soil Forum aims to further promote black soil protection and productivity enhancement, involving experts and large-scale farmers [6].

黑土地作为耕地中的"大熊猫"，是保障国家粮食安全的重要资源。我国东北黑土区是北半球仅有的 三大黑土区之一，在粮食生产和生态屏障方面发挥着关键作用。然而，近年来，盗挖、滥挖、污染黑土 地等违法行为屡禁不止，严重威胁黑土地的可持续利用。2022年出台的黑土地保护法为黑土地的可持续 利用和保护提供了坚强的法治保障。为严厉打击破坏黑土地犯罪，加强黑土地保护，"两高"发布了《最 高人民法院 最高人民检察院关于办理破坏黑土地资源刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》（以下简称 《解释》）。《解释》的出台，为自然资源执法相关工作提供了更为明确的法律依据和指导，对有效遏 制破坏黑土地行为意义重大。 01 《解释》主要内容解析及对自然资源执法实践的指导作用 一是细化行为认定标准，织密违法犯罪法网。《解释》第一条以列举加兜底的方式，将非法占用黑 土地用于建房、建窑等工程建设、挖砂采石等资源开采，以及违规排放污染物、堆放废弃物导致黑土地 严重污染等行为，明确界定为非法占用耕地、改变用途并造成毁坏。这一规定兼顾了传统法律表述，又 将近年来出现的挖湖造景等新型破坏方式纳入规制范畴，构建起覆盖工程建设、资源开采、污染排放等 多领域、多角度的认 ...

细读黑土地保护法，出现了3次"从重处罚"。第三十一条规定，违法将黑土地用于非农建设"从重处 罚"；第三十二条规定，盗挖、滥挖黑土"从重处罚"；第三十五条规定，造成黑土地污染、水土流失"从 重处罚"。这3个条款分别针对违法占用、盗挖滥挖、污染流失等破坏黑土地资源的3种严重情形，提出 了从重处罚的原则性规定。至于如何"从重"，"两高"的司法解释作了细化规定。总体来说，依据刑法第 三百三十八条、第三百四十二条、第三百四十三条等法条，入罪门槛进一步降低，责罚力度进一步升 档。最高法、最高检、公安部相关部门负责人在解读司法解释、发布有关典型案例时，也用3个"严 惩"再次表明了态度：严惩盗挖、滥挖，严惩以合法形式掩盖盗挖泥炭土行为，严惩污染黑土地犯罪行 为。 就违法占地而言，"两高"的司法解释调低了非法占用农用地罪的入罪面积标准；就计算方式而言， 破坏黑土的体积也成为入罪要件。此外，根据司法解释，既打击盗采黑土的上游，也打击窝藏、转移、 收购、代为销售的下游，事前通谋的则以共同犯罪论处；对非法开采属于矿产资源黑土的，以非法采矿 罪定罪论处；对排放、倾倒或者处置有毒有害废物、物质而严重污染黑土地的，以污染环境罪定罪处 罚； ...