Group 1 - The core issue highlighted is the impact of individual misconduct, particularly by key leaders, on the political ecology and development of the entire organization or industry [1] - The local disciplinary committee has intensified collaboration with inspection and auditing departments to broaden the sources of problem leads, resulting in the investigation of 18 cases of misconduct involving current leaders in the past two years [1] - A total of 15 individuals received party disciplinary and administrative penalties, while 5 cases were referred to judicial authorities [1] Group 2 - The disciplinary committee has urged all levels of party organizations to conduct a comprehensive self-examination of decision-making and execution related to "three major and one large" matters, leading to the identification and rectification of 228 issues [2] - 142 units have been prompted to improve their institutional mechanisms and decision-making processes as a result of the oversight [2] - The disciplinary committee has implemented a system of reminders and recorded the outcomes in the integrity files of the leaders of units that were reported for issues [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of enhancing the supervisory effectiveness of top leaders ("one leaders") in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, through targeted supervision and accountability measures [2][3][4]. Group 1: Supervision Mechanisms - Guangzhou's Discipline Inspection and Supervision Commission focuses on the "key minority" by implementing supervision talks and accountability discussions to improve the supervisory quality of top leaders [2][4]. - A systematic approach is adopted to identify which top leaders require priority discussions, particularly those with significant issues or new appointments [5][6]. - The city has established a regular and targeted conversation system for top leaders, which includes individual and collective discussions to address specific issues [6][7]. Group 2: Accountability and Responsibility - A comprehensive responsibility checklist has been developed, detailing 5 major responsibility categories, 55 tasks, and 87 specific measures to clarify the responsibilities of top leaders [8][9]. - The checklist aims to ensure that accountability is clear and that leaders are evaluated based on their performance and adherence to responsibilities [8][9]. - The city has implemented a rigorous review process for the accountability discussions, ensuring that the materials presented by leaders are complete and truthful [9][10]. Group 3: Case Studies and Practical Applications - The article highlights a case where the Guangzhou municipal government addressed issues in a local bank, leading to significant reforms and improved risk management practices [5][10]. - The use of big data and a "cloud supervision" platform has been introduced to enhance the precision and effectiveness of supervision over top leaders [11][12]. - The article discusses the establishment of a comprehensive supervision chain that includes ongoing monitoring and corrective actions based on identified issues [10][12].