Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of ecological protection and governance in the Yellow River basin, highlighting the need for systematic deployment and collaboration among various stakeholders to achieve high-quality development while preserving the environment [1][2][3] Group 1: Ecological Protection Practices - The ecological restoration practices in Sanmenxia serve as a model for the province, showcasing significant improvements in water quality and biodiversity through targeted pollution control and comprehensive governance [1] - Over 800 polluting enterprises along the Yellow River have been shut down, and water quality in tributaries has been improved to Class II-III standards [1] - The investment of 440 million yuan has led to the restoration of 5,610 acres of mining land, with a notable increase in bird and plant species in the wetlands [1] Group 2: High-Quality Development Strategy - The establishment of a leadership group for ecological protection and high-quality development indicates a high-level commitment to these initiatives, with coordinated efforts across various government departments [2] - The implementation of the "Yellow River Protection Law" and the signing of inter-provincial agreements for ecological enforcement demonstrate a proactive approach to environmental governance [2] - Continuous monitoring and improvement of water quality have resulted in the Yellow River's water quality in Henan remaining stable at Class II for five consecutive years, with over 90% of the river's water bodies classified as good [2] Group 3: Future Directions for Ecological Governance - The province plans to integrate comprehensive governance into water resource development, environmental protection, and ecosystem stability, ensuring a holistic approach to ecological management [3] - Emphasis on improving regulatory capabilities and technological support will enhance the effectiveness of pollution control measures, particularly in addressing black and odorous water bodies [3] - The establishment of a cross-departmental coordination mechanism aims to align water resource management with community well-being, promoting a harmonious relationship between people and water [3]

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 Beautiful Rivers and Lakes and Beautiful Bays Protection and Construction Promotion Conference emphasizes the need for two transformations in ecological environment protection during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, shifting the focus from water quality improvement to overall ecological health [1][2]. Group 1: Strategic Direction - The "two transformations" indicate a shift in focus from achieving a certain percentage of good water bodies to enhancing the overall quality of the ecological environment in rivers and bays [1][2]. - The period of the 14th Five-Year Plan is crucial for consolidating the achievements of water protection efforts and deepening the construction of beautiful rivers and lakes, as well as beautiful bays [1][2]. Group 2: Achievements and Challenges - During the 14th Five-Year Plan, significant progress has been made in the protection and governance of major rivers and lakes, with the proportion of surface water quality reaching 90.4% and coastal water quality remaining stable at 83.7% [2]. - Despite these achievements, challenges remain, including the need for improved ecological integrity, biodiversity, and habitat connectivity in water bodies [2]. Group 3: Practical and Theoretical Foundations - The transformation is supported by practical experience, theoretical foundations, and technical conditions, with a focus on the integrated management of water resources, environment, and ecology [3]. - The release of the "Yangtze River Basin Water Ecological Assessment Index Scoring Guidelines" has established a comprehensive evaluation system that aids in the transition from water environment governance to integrated management [3]. Group 4: Implementation Plans - The "Beautiful Rivers and Lakes Protection and Construction Action Plan (2025-2027)" marks a new phase in river and lake governance, emphasizing ecosystem health [4]. - Local governments are encouraged to plan and implement measures that promote pollution control and ecological restoration, such as restoring ecological buffer zones and natural wetlands [4]. Group 5: Future Outlook - The "two transformations" signify a new starting point for water ecological environment governance, urging local authorities to adopt a systematic approach and higher standards for comprehensive improvement [5].

Core Viewpoint - The "Beautiful Rivers and Lakes Protection and Construction Action Plan (2025-2027)" marks a significant milestone in China's water ecological environment management, transitioning from quantitative to qualitative improvements [1][5]. Group 1: Policy and Framework - The Action Plan represents a comprehensive deployment for water ecological environment protection, following the 2015 "Water Pollution Prevention Action Plan" [1]. - The management goals have shifted from "total control" of water pollution to "quality management," emphasizing ecological function and water quality safety [2][3]. - The governance approach has evolved from single-industry emission reduction to comprehensive watershed management and ecological restoration [2][5]. Group 2: Implementation and Challenges - The Action Plan aims to improve water ecological environment quality through precise pollution control, scientific management, and legal enforcement [3][5]. - Despite progress, structural and trend-related pressures on water ecological environment protection remain significant, particularly in the Yangtze River basin where local water quality issues persist [2][6]. - The plan includes the management of 2,573 water bodies, with over one-third located in the Yangtze River basin, highlighting the focus on targeted ecological strategies [7]. Group 3: Future Directions - The initiative emphasizes the need for a holistic approach to water management, integrating ecological, social, and economic factors to enhance the resilience and sustainability of water ecosystems [10]. - The plan encourages the development of beautiful rivers and lakes as a dual pathway for ecological and economic benefits, promoting green and low-carbon development [10].