据外媒报道，参加12日会议的国家占据了全球60%的关键矿产需求份额。除了日本在2010年中国对稀土 进行出口管制后采取了行动外，G7其他成员国仍严重依赖来自中国的关键矿产。日本还在近日启动一 项号称全球首例深海稀土开采计划，其试验船"地球号"12日启航前往南鸟岛海域，展开为期一个月的探 测任务。 "美国正扮演召集者角色，发挥领导力，向各方阐明后续行动计划。我们已准备好与那些同样感受到紧 迫性的国家携手推进……其他国家一旦意识到问题的严重性，也可以加入进来。"上述消息人士进一步 预计，美国将在会后发表声明，但不太可能达成具体的联合行动。 贝森特上周对路透社透露，自去年6月在加拿大举行G7领导人峰会以来，他一直致力于推动就此议题召 开专门会议。上述美国官员透露，各国领导人在峰会上就保障供应链安全、提振本国经济达成了一项行 动计划，但贝森特之后对与会各方缺乏紧迫感的表现日益失望。 在去年6月举行的G7峰会上，七国集团领导人发起了一项"关键矿产行动计划"。当年10月，七国集团在 加拿大多伦多举行的能源和环境部长会议上正式宣布建立关键矿产生产联盟。 本报记者 倪 浩 陈庆瑞 美国财政部长贝森特当地时间12日召集七国集团 ...

Core Viewpoint - The G7 and EU's recent decision to impose minimum prices, tariffs, and carbon taxes on rare earth exports from China reflects a strategic anxiety and a misguided approach to reducing dependency on Chinese resources, which may ultimately harm their own industries rather than China’s [1][3][19] Group 1: Background and Context - The G7 and EU's actions are a response to a series of challenges over the past year, including renewed trade tensions between the US and China and stricter Chinese export controls on rare earths [3][5] - European companies are already feeling the pressure, with some resorting to depleting their inventories due to fears of supply shortages, particularly in the automotive sector [3][5] Group 2: Policy Implications - The G7's plan to set minimum prices and impose tariffs on rare earths is seen as an attempt to force domestic companies to source non-Chinese rare earths, but this could lead to increased costs and operational challenges for these companies [5][11] - The European Union's rare earth reserves account for less than 1% of global supply, making it difficult for them to achieve self-sufficiency in the short term [7][9] Group 3: Industry Impact - Industries heavily reliant on rare earths, such as renewable energy, electronics, and automotive, are likely to face significant cost increases, which could undermine their competitiveness [11][13] - The imposition of minimum prices may disrupt market dynamics, potentially leading to black market activities and further complicating supply chains [11][13] Group 4: China's Position - China remains in a strong position as it controls over 80% of global rare earth supply and is actively seeking to expand its market presence in Asia and Africa [15][19] - The G7 and EU's actions may inadvertently strengthen China's market position by pushing other countries to develop their rare earth resources, which will take time and investment [15][19] Group 5: Future Considerations - The G7 and EU's approach may exacerbate internal structural issues within their industries rather than effectively countering China's dominance in the rare earth market [17][19] - A collaborative approach with China to stabilize supply chains and promote mutual development may be a more effective strategy than isolationist policies [19]

Group 1 - The G7 and EU are considering setting a price floor for rare earths to boost production and may impose taxes on certain Chinese rare earth exports to encourage investment in the sector [1][3] - The G7 countries, except Japan, are highly dependent on China for various materials, including rare earth magnets and battery metals, prompting discussions on regulatory measures to limit investments flowing to China [1][3] - There is internal disagreement within the G7 regarding the implementation of regional restrictions, which could include local procurement rules or limitations on public procurement from specific countries like China [1][3] Group 2 - The U.S. government is collaborating with the G7 and EU leaders on broader trade measures to prevent low-priced dumping of rare earths, including tariffs and price floors [3] - The U.S. has recently introduced a price floor mechanism to encourage domestic rare earth production, with G7 officials considering similar subsidy-supported policies [3] - Despite these efforts, companies in G7 countries find it challenging to sever ties with China due to its significant role in the global rare earth supply chain and its competitive pricing advantages [3][4]

Group 1 - The G7 and EU are considering setting a price floor for rare earths to boost production and may impose taxes on certain Chinese rare earth exports to encourage investment in the sector [1][2] - The G7 countries, except Japan, are highly dependent on China for various materials, including rare earth magnets and battery metals, prompting discussions on regulatory measures to limit investments flowing to China [1][2] - There are internal disagreements within the G7 regarding the implementation of regional restrictions, which may include local procurement rules or limitations on public procurement from specific countries like China [1] Group 2 - The U.S. government is collaborating with the G7 and EU leaders on broader trade measures to prevent low-priced dumping of rare earths, including tariffs and price floors [2] - Canada is positively inclined towards adopting a price floor mechanism similar to the U.S. to support domestic rare earth production, while Australia is also considering similar actions [2] - Despite efforts to reduce reliance on China, the significant role of China in the global rare earth supply chain remains a challenge for G7 countries, as highlighted by industry leaders [2][3]

Core Viewpoint - The G7 and EU are planning to impose a price floor on rare earths and consider tariffs on Chinese exports, reflecting their reliance on China for critical minerals and the need to enhance domestic production capabilities [1][2][5]. Group 1: G7 and EU Actions - The G7 is discussing the implementation of a price floor for rare earths to stimulate production and is considering tariffs based on the non-renewable energy used in production [2][5]. - Australia is also contemplating a price floor for critical mineral projects, while Canada is positively inclined but has not committed to action [2]. - The EU is exploring various strategies, including price floors and joint procurement, but has yet to make definitive decisions [2]. Group 2: China's Dominance in Rare Earths - China holds over 60% of global rare earth production and dominates processing with a 92% share, indicating a near-monopoly in the sector [5]. - The U.S. Geological Survey reported that 70% of U.S. rare earth imports came from China between 2020 and 2023, highlighting the dependency on Chinese supply [5]. - Following China's export controls on key rare earth elements, Western nations are investing heavily to develop non-Chinese supply chains [5][6]. Group 3: Strategic Importance of Rare Earths - Rare earths are critical for advanced industries, including electric vehicles, aerospace, and renewable energy, underscoring their strategic importance [5]. - The recent discussions among G7 nations reflect a growing concern over supply chain security and the need to reduce reliance on China [1][6].