短线外资回流规模创 11 月以来新高 [Table_Authors] 余培仪(分析师) ——12 月第 3 周全球外资周观察 本报告导读： ① 北向资金：最近一周可能小幅净流出，其中灵活型外资可能小幅净流入。②港 股：最近一周稳定型外资流出 105 亿港元，灵活型外资流入 97 亿港元，港股通 流出 26 亿港元。③亚太市场：外资本周流入日本，11 月外资流出印度。④美欧 市场：10 月资金流出欧洲，流入美国。 投资要点： 策略研究 /[Table_Date] 2025.12.20 | | 021-23185663 yupeiyi@gtht.com | | --- | --- | | 登记编号 | S0880525040084 | | | 陆嘉瑞(研究助理) | | | 021-23185659 lujiarui@gtht.com | | 登记编号 | S0880125042248 | [Table_Report] 相关报告 最近一周外资明显回流互联网 2025.12.16 恒指波幅创 2022 年以来新低 2025.12.16 每周海内外重要政策跟踪（25/12/14） 2025.12.14 日股盈利预期自 ...

Group 1 - The article questions the intelligence of foreign capital, suggesting that it often engages in a "buy high, sell low" strategy, particularly during market downturns [5][6]. - It highlights a significant decline in foreign investment in China's real economy in 2023 and 2024, which some interpret as a lack of interest in China [10][11]. - The article emphasizes that foreign capital flows are influenced by interest rates, noting that after interest rate hikes in the US and Europe, capital outflow from China is not surprising due to lower domestic rates [12][13]. Group 2 - The article distinguishes between trading-oriented foreign capital, which has been rapidly exiting the A-share market, and long-term investment funds, which continue to flow in [22][26]. - It points out that while active funds have withdrawn over $16 billion from A-shares since 2023, passive funds are slowly entering, indicating a shift towards long-term investment [24][28]. - The article suggests that the increasing presence of long-term capital, such as state-owned enterprises and insurance funds, is beneficial for the A-share market's stability and growth [31][32]. Group 3 - The article discusses the dual nature of foreign capital, noting that while patient capital is welcomed, speculative capital is not, as it can lead to market instability [39][40]. - It raises concerns about the influence of foreign capital on domestic markets, particularly in the context of geopolitical tensions and the potential for financial manipulation [41][42]. - The article argues that the current low proportion of foreign capital in China mitigates the impact of potential crises in the US, suggesting that China could even benefit from such situations [68][72]. Group 4 - The article concludes that the recent withdrawal of foreign capital is complex, driven by both external political factors and domestic policies aimed at attracting long-term investment [71][72]. - It asserts that China does not lack capital but rather needs patient capital that can support economic transformation and upgrading [73][74]. - The article encourages a positive outlook on foreign capital withdrawal, emphasizing the importance of aligning with like-minded investors for sustainable growth [75].

Core Viewpoint - The relationship between U.S. interest rate changes and foreign capital flows into China has become increasingly evident, suggesting a direct correlation between the two [1][3][6]. Group 1: U.S. Interest Rate Changes - The Federal Reserve began raising interest rates in March 2022, with a significant increase from 0.25% to 4% by November 2022, which coincided with a decline in foreign capital inflows to China [3][5]. - In 2023, foreign capital inflows to China saw a year-on-year decrease for the first time in years, aligning with the Fed's rate hike to 5% in March [5][10]. - By September 2024, when the Fed indicated a potential rate cut, foreign capital inflows to China surged, demonstrating a strong market reaction to U.S. monetary policy [7][10]. Group 2: Capital Flow Dynamics - Foreign capital is primarily driven by where it can achieve better returns, rather than local conditions such as pandemic lockdowns [5][10]. - The Chinese stock market and real estate are currently perceived as attractive investment opportunities due to their low positions, especially if the Fed enters a prolonged rate-cutting phase [10][18]. - The potential for capital outflow from the U.S. to China is significant if the market believes in sustained lower interest rates from the Fed [18][20]. Group 3: Economic Indicators - U.S. retail sales growth, adjusted for inflation, is nearly stagnant, indicating a weakening domestic economy [11][13]. - The Fed faces a dilemma: lowering rates could reignite inflation, while maintaining rates could exacerbate domestic economic issues [11][13][16]. - Long-term U.S. Treasury yields are declining, suggesting market expectations of an end to the Fed's tightening cycle, which could further influence capital flows [16][18].

Group 1: Current Account and Trade Balance - The current account surplus increased by 61% year-on-year to $423.9 billion, accounting for 2.2% of GDP, remaining within the internationally recognized range[3] - The goods trade surplus reached a historical high of $768 billion, contributing 108% to the increase in the current account surplus[4] - Service trade deficit grew by 10% year-on-year to $229 billion, primarily driven by a 25% increase in travel service spending[5] Group 2: Capital Account and Investment Trends - The capital account deficit rose by 88% year-on-year to $486.2 billion, marking the third highest deficit since 2015[11] - Net outflow of domestic investment increased by 81% to $483.8 billion, with significant contributions from other investments and securities investments[13] - Foreign direct investment net inflow decreased to $18.6 billion, the lowest since 1993, indicating a shift in investment patterns[19] Group 3: Foreign Exchange Reserves and Market Impact - Foreign exchange reserves decreased by $35.6 billion due to short-term capital outflow pressures, marking the fourth annual net decrease since 1994[24] - The basic international balance of payments surplus increased from $89.1 billion to $270.2 billion, while short-term capital deficit rose to $332.5 billion[24] - The net foreign asset position reached $3.2958 trillion, with a significant improvement in the private sector's net foreign liabilities, which fell to $159.8 billion[29]