Core Insights - The article emphasizes the vision for the Zhongguancun Science Park to become a world-leading technology hub by 2035, supported by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Beijing municipal government [1] Group 1: Market and Government Collaboration - Zhongguancun has evolved into a testing ground for new production relationships, driven by the transformation of enterprise ownership and the introduction of a market-oriented property rights system [2][3] - The region has successfully transitioned from a planned economy to a market economy, breaking down administrative barriers between technology and other production factors, thus enabling a multi-price discovery system [2][3] Group 2: New Quality Productivity - The fourth technological revolution, centered on electronic information technology, is reshaping productivity structures, with data emerging as an independent production factor [3][4] - Zhongguancun's practices illustrate that platform organizations are not merely physical spaces but act as industry organizers that integrate various resources to drive new economic forms [3][4] Group 3: Integration of Digital and Real Economies - The integration of digital and real economies relies on digital technologies to reconstruct production relationships, making data a new catalyst for activating the real economy [4][5] - This new quality productivity is increasingly dependent on advanced information technologies rather than traditional asset-heavy approaches [4][5] Group 4: Innovative Ecosystem Characteristics - The new production structure in Zhongguancun reflects an innovative ecosystem, characterized by the collaboration of diverse stakeholders, including enterprises, intermediaries, and social organizations [5][6] - The self-organizing nature of this ecosystem allows for dynamic interactions and autonomous decision-making, distinguishing it from traditional industrial production systems [6][7] Group 5: Future Directions - The emergence of new quality productivity in Zhongguancun is attributed to both technological upgrades and changes in production factors and relationships [7] - Moving forward, Zhongguancun aims to strengthen its position in high-level technological self-reliance, continuing to lead in the development of new quality productivity in China [7]

Core Viewpoint - Shenzhen is actively exploring new production relationships and institutional frameworks to adapt to the development of new technologies and organizational systems, aiming to become a hub for innovative productivity [1][2]. Group 1: Innovation in Robotics and AI - The successful participation of humanoid robots in various public roles, including the recent torch relay, highlights Shenzhen's advancements in AI and robotics [2]. - The city is integrating innovation chains, industry chains, capital chains, and talent chains to establish itself as a source and incubator of new productivity [2]. Group 2: Government as an Innovation Partner - The establishment of specialized industry offices for pharmaceuticals, new energy vehicles, and artificial intelligence reflects a shift in government roles from mere management to active partnership in innovation [4]. - The newly formed Longgang District AI and Robotics Bureau aims to streamline planning, ecosystem development, and talent recruitment, showcasing a market-oriented approach to governance [5]. Group 3: Restructuring Source Innovation - Shenzhen's innovation ecosystem is being bolstered by the establishment of dedicated institutions like the Shenzhen Natural Science Fund Committee and the New Productivity Technology Promotion Center, focusing on both basic research and technology commercialization [7][8]. - The introduction of technical managers aims to bridge the gap between technology and market needs, enhancing the commercialization of research outcomes [8][9]. Group 4: Encouraging Capital Investment - The concept of "bold capital" has been introduced to encourage long-term investment in innovative enterprises, with initiatives like "Shenzhen Venture Capital Day" attracting significant participation from global investment institutions [11][12]. - The Shenzhen government has established various funds to support key industries, including a 5 billion yuan semiconductor investment fund, to strengthen the local innovation ecosystem [12]. Group 5: Embracing Failure in Innovation - Shenzhen's legal framework now supports entrepreneurs facing failure, allowing for personal bankruptcy and restructuring, which reduces the risks associated with innovation [12]. - The establishment of a comprehensive service platform for both corporate and personal bankruptcy reflects a commitment to fostering a culture that values innovation while being tolerant of failure [12].

——访国务院发展研究中心宏观经济研究部二级巡视员张俊伟 ■ 中国经济时报记者 范思立 国家统计局公布的上半年经济运行情况显示，国内新质生产力继续在加快培育和成长。国务院发展研究中心宏观经济研究部二级巡视员张俊伟在接受中国 经济时报记者采访时表示，今后一段时期中国应以创新为引领，加快构建与新质生产力相适应的新型生产关系。 01 构建新型生产关系是一项庞大的系统工程 中国经济时报：围绕推动创新发展，国内做了大量探索。研发投入持续快速增长，新技术、新产品井喷式涌现，构建起关键核心技术攻关新型举国体制， 我国在转变发展方式方面已取得令人瞩目的成就，构建新型生产关系，为今后一段时期深化相关领域改革指明了方向。请问如何理解和把握构建新型生产 关系的要求？ 张俊伟：传统理论把生产要素分为生产资料、生产对象和劳动力，认为谁掌握生产资料，谁就在生产中占据主导地位，并能够在劳动成果的分配中占有劳 动剩余。这是高度简化的社会生产关系理论。事实上，现代社会的生产方式十分复杂，从企业内部的生产组织，到企业间的分工合作，再到企业、政府与 社会有效互动，生产关系涉及微观（企业层面）、中观（产业层面）、宏观（国家乃至国际关系层面）多个层面， ...