记者丨黄子潇 编辑｜孙超逸 腾讯旗下财付通小贷增资45亿消息引发市场关注。该公司是消费金融产品"微信分付"的信贷 服务方。 近日，深圳市地方金融管理局发布消息，深圳市财付通网络金融小额贷款有限公司（财付通 小贷）获批将注册资本从约105.26亿元增加至150亿元，新增注册资本人民币约44.74亿元。 2020年至今，财付通小贷在五年内增资六次，资本金从最初的3亿元增长至150亿元，涨幅达 50倍。 21世纪经济报道记者了解到，本次增资为该公司应监管要求和业务需要所进行的动 作。 从全行业来看，尽管小贷公司与消金公司均属于广义消金行业，但消金牌照的杠杆倍数上具 备优势。目前互联网大厂大多已有小贷牌照布局，但消金牌照依然稀缺。 消息显示，腾讯通过两个主体对财付通小贷增资，其中深圳市腾讯网域计算机网络有限公司 （腾讯网域）出资人民币42.5亿元，深圳市腾讯计算机系统有限公司（腾讯计算机）出资人民 币约2.24亿元。增资后，腾讯网域出资142.5亿元，持股比例95%；腾讯计算机出资7.5亿元， 持股比例为5%。 对于本次增资，财付通小贷向21世纪经济报道记者表示，暂无更多消息回应。 此前11月初，财付通小贷获批多项变 ...

Core Insights - JD Group's consumer finance subsidiary, JD Consumer Finance, has received approval for its chairman's qualification from the Tianjin Regulatory Bureau of the National Financial Supervision Administration, marking a significant move in the consumer finance sector [1] - JD Group becomes the first platform enterprise to enter the market through equity restructuring after the implementation of the "Administrative Measures for Consumer Finance Companies" on April 18, 2024, and is the second institution in the industry to obtain a consumer finance license via this method [1] - JD Finance App has accumulated 420 million transaction users, collaborating with nearly a thousand financial institutions including banks, insurance companies, and fund companies to provide personal financial services [1] Industry Developments - The industry is closely watching the collaborative pathways between JD Consumer Finance and existing JD Finance operations, particularly in areas such as business division, resource integration, and brand synergy [1]

Core Insights - JD.com has officially become a licensed player in the consumer finance sector by acquiring the license for Tianjin JD Consumer Finance Co., Ltd, filling a significant gap in its financial services portfolio [2][4] - The consumer finance industry in China is characterized by a "two-eight" distribution, where the top institutions hold 80% of the market share, while smaller players struggle under strict regulations and asset shortages [2][10] - JD.com has been a pioneer in the consumer finance space, launching its first credit product, "Baitiao," in 2014, ahead of competitors like Ant Group [3][4] Industry Overview - The consumer finance license is scarce, with only 31 licenses issued to date, and the pace of new licenses has slowed due to increased regulatory scrutiny since 2017 [2][5] - JD.com’s entry into consumer finance is expected to leverage its existing financial products, such as "Baitiao" and "Jintiao," which currently operate under its small loan subsidiary [4][5] - The leverage potential for licensed consumer finance companies is significantly higher, with estimates suggesting a leverage ratio of over 12.5 times compared to 5-6 times for small loan companies [5][6] Financial Implications - JD.com’s financial services are projected to exceed 500 billion yuan by the end of 2024, with consumer loans accounting for nearly 250 billion yuan [6] - The cost of financing for licensed consumer finance companies is lower, estimated at 3-4%, compared to 6% for small loan companies, enhancing their competitive edge [5][6] - JD.com has invested 3.25 billion yuan to acquire a 65% stake in the restructured consumer finance company, indicating a strong commitment to this sector [7][8] Competitive Landscape - The consumer finance market is currently dominated by bank-affiliated institutions, with 22 out of 31 licensed companies being bank-related, while internet-based companies like JD.com represent a smaller share [10][11] - Ant Group's consumer finance arm has rapidly grown to become the largest in terms of capital, with total assets reaching 313.75 billion yuan by the end of 2024, significantly outpacing competitors [11] - JD.com’s entry is anticipated to reshape the competitive dynamics of the consumer finance industry, although it may face initial challenges similar to those experienced by Ant Group during its transition to a licensed entity [12][13] Performance Challenges - JD.com’s small loan subsidiary has shown inconsistent performance, with total assets of approximately 16.2 billion yuan and a significant drop in net profit from 132 million yuan in 2021 to 3 million yuan in 2023 [14] - High credit impairment losses have been a persistent issue, accounting for over 68% of revenue from 2021 to 2023, which poses a risk to profitability [14] - The consumer finance sector is moving away from rapid growth, and JD.com will need to effectively convert its traffic into sustainable profitability to succeed in this evolving landscape [14]

Group 1 - The core point of the news is that Jiexin Consumer Finance Co., Ltd. has officially changed its name to Tianjin Jingdong Consumer Finance Co., Ltd. (JD Finance), and this change does not affect existing contracts or customer services [2][10] - JD Finance was one of the first four pilot consumer finance companies in China, established in 2010, and was previously the only foreign-funded consumer finance company in the country [4] - As of January 2025, JD Group has become the largest shareholder of JD Finance, holding 65% of the shares after a restructuring approved by the National Financial Supervision Administration [4][7] Group 2 - The current shareholder structure of JD Finance includes Guangzhou Jingdong Trading with a 50% stake, Online Banking with 15%, China Foreign Trade Trust with 12%, Tianjin Development Zone State-owned Assets with 11%, and Tianjin Bank with 10% [7] - Zhang Hanchun has been appointed as the General Manager and legal representative of JD Finance, while Ondrej Frydrych has transitioned to the role of Vice Chairman [7][9] - JD Finance aims to focus on high-quality development and improving user experience following the name change [10] Group 3 - JD Finance's asset scale peaked at over 100 billion yuan in 2019 but has since declined due to increased competition and stricter regulations, with total assets reported at 4.842 billion yuan and total liabilities at 2.268 billion yuan as of December 31, 2024 [11] - Prior to obtaining the consumer finance license, JD relied on its small loan company, which reported a revenue of 1.675 billion yuan in 2024, a year-on-year increase of 3.39%, and a net profit of 52 million yuan, a significant increase of 1526.38% [11] - The acquisition of a consumer finance license allows JD Finance to access higher leverage limits and diversify funding sources, which is crucial for expanding its consumer credit business [12]

Core Viewpoint - After nearly 20 years of operation in China, Jiexin Consumer Finance Co., Ltd. is officially changing its name to Tianjin JD Consumer Finance Co., Ltd., indicating JD's impending ownership of the consumer finance license [1][2]. Group 1: Company Name Change - The Tianjin Financial Regulatory Bureau has approved the name change of Jiexin Consumer Finance to Tianjin JD Consumer Finance [2]. - The approval date from the Tianjin Financial Regulatory Bureau was May 15, and it was publicly announced on May 19 [2]. - As of May 26, the final business registration change for the name change had not yet been completed [2]. Group 2: Company Background and Market Position - Jiexin Consumer Finance is a significant player in the consumer finance industry, being one of the first licensed foreign-funded consumer finance companies in China [2]. - The company rapidly rose to prominence due to its offline network and credit product capabilities, and there were previous discussions about an IPO [2]. - Following the unexpected death of its original actual controller, Peter Kellner, in March 2021, Jiexin Consumer Finance faced challenges and began seeking restructuring [2]. Group 3: Shareholding Structure - The shareholding restructuring plan for Jiexin Consumer Finance was finalized in December 2024, with JD Group owning 75% of the new company [2]. - China Foreign Economic and Trade Trust Co., Ltd. and Tianjin Bank hold 12% and 10% of the new company, respectively [2]. Group 4: Management Changes - On April 18, 2025, the Tianjin Financial Regulatory Bureau approved Zhang Hanchun as the new general manager of Jiexin Consumer Finance [3]. - Zhang Hanchun became the responsible person and legal representative of Jiexin Consumer Finance on April 21, 2025 [3]. - Zhang joined JD in November 2017 and previously served as Vice President and head of risk management at JD Technology [3]. Group 5: JD's Financial Business - JD's financial operations encompass personal finance, corporate finance, and financial technology, with credit products including JD Baitiao, JD Jintiao, and various loans [3]. - Prior to obtaining the consumer finance license, Chongqing JD Shengji Microloan Co., Ltd. was a core lending license within JD's financial business [3].

Core Viewpoint - The approval for the name change of Jiexin Consumer Finance Co., Ltd. to Tianjin JD Consumer Finance Co., Ltd. signifies the formal integration of this licensed consumer finance company into JD Group, enhancing its position in the consumer finance sector [1][3]. Company Summary - JD Group now holds a 65% stake in JD Consumer Finance after the restructuring of Jiexin's equity, which saw its registered capital reduced from 7 billion to 5 billion yuan [3]. - The new name change does not affect existing contracts or customer services, and the company aims for high-quality development and improved user experience [3]. - The appointment of JD's vice president as the legal representative and general manager of the newly named company indicates a strategic leadership alignment with JD's broader business objectives [3]. Industry Summary - The rebranding of Jiexin to JD Consumer Finance adds a new player to the "internet-based" consumer finance sector, potentially driving growth in registered capital and loan volumes across the industry [3][4]. - The consumer finance license is increasingly sought after by banks and internet companies, highlighting its value in the financial sector [4]. - Analysts suggest that JD Consumer Finance can leverage its consumer finance license and integrate resources effectively, positioning itself as a new force in the consumer finance industry [4]. - The addition of a consumer finance license is crucial for JD's expansion into consumer credit, enhancing competition in the market [5].

Core Viewpoint - JD.com is intensifying its investment in the consumer finance sector through its subsidiary,捷信消费金融有限公司 (捷信消金), by appointing a new CEO and restructuring its ownership to enhance its market position and compliance [2][6][7]. Group 1: Management Changes - Ondrej Frydrych has stepped down as the legal representative and CEO of捷信消金, with Zhang Hanchun taking over these roles [2][5]. - Zhang Hanchun, who joined JD.com in 2017 and has held various senior positions, is expected to bring significant experience in risk management to捷信消金 [4][6]. Group 2: Ownership Restructuring - In January 2025, the National Financial Regulatory Administration approved a restructuring of捷信消金, allowing JD.com to become the largest shareholder with a 65% stake [6][7]. - The restructuring involved reducing捷信消金's registered capital from 70 billion to 50 billion yuan, with the original foreign shareholder, Home Credit N.V., reducing its stake to 2% [6][7]. Group 3: Market Position and Strategy - The acquisition of a consumer finance license is a strategic move for JD.com, as it previously only held a network small loan license [7]. - There are currently 31 licensed consumer finance companies in China, with only three being internet-based, highlighting the scarcity and value of such licenses [7]. - JD.com aims to leverage its large user base and established financial products to drive growth in捷信消金 following the acquisition of the license [7]. Group 4: Asset Quality Concerns -捷信消金 has faced challenges with asset quality, as indicated by its non-performing loan rates from 2017 to 2019, which were 3.82%, 3.98%, and 3.6% respectively [7]. - The company has transferred over 24 billion yuan in non-performing loans since 2023, indicating ongoing issues with asset quality [8].