美联储于当地时间9月16日至17日举行9月议息会议。决议结果及经济预测将于北京时间9月18日凌晨2点公布，随后美联储主席 鲍威尔将于2:30举行新闻发布会。 市场普遍预期本次会议将降息25个基点。期货定价显示，年底前进一步降息两次的概率接近70%。这一预期反映出投资者认为 美联储更关注劳动力市场表现而非通胀压力，可能预示宽松周期加速，推动风险情绪回升，美元指数承压。今年以来，美指累 计下跌近11%，持续走弱。 本次会议受到高度关注，主要聚焦以下几方面： 一是货币政策是否迎来转折。若美联储如预期降息25个基点，将不仅是利率调整，更可能代表宽松周期的开启。目前就业增长 放缓、通胀仍高于目标，加大了降息压力。 二是美联储政策独立性问题面临关注。在政治压力持续、理事提名争议不断的背景下，鲍威尔如何应对舆论对其独立决策能力 的质疑，成为外界观察焦点。 三是新发布的经济预测（SEP）与点阵图（Dot Plot）。市场重点关注2026年之前的终端利率预期是否会下调，这将影响全球资 产配置方向和市场信心。 此外，鲍威尔记者会的表态也至关重要。其关于通胀、就业及政策路径的阐释，以及对政治压力的回应，都可能对市场预期产 生显著影 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Bank of Japan is expected to maintain its interest rate at 0.5% during the upcoming monetary policy meeting, with a potential upward revision of inflation forecasts for the current fiscal year due to improved US-Japan trade uncertainties [1][14]. Group 1: Interest Rate Expectations - Market pricing indicates an approximately 80% chance of an interest rate hike by the end of the year, with October emerging as a favored time for the next increase [2][9]. - Following the US-Japan trade agreement, expectations for a rate hike have significantly rebounded, with a 65% probability for the October meeting and 80% for December [5][10]. - Despite the increased expectations, some analysts, including Goldman Sachs, caution that the Bank of Japan may adopt a wait-and-see approach due to ongoing negotiations and the absence of urgent inflationary pressures [8][9]. Group 2: US-Japan Trade Agreement - The US-Japan trade agreement has notably reduced uncertainties, with the US agreeing to impose a 15% tariff on Japanese goods, including automobiles, down from a previous 25% [3][4]. - Japan has committed to establishing a fund of up to $550 billion for direct investment in the US as part of the trade deal [3]. Group 3: Inflation Outlook - The Bank of Japan is likely to revise its short-term inflation forecast upward, anticipating a core CPI increase from 2.2% to approximately 2.5% for the fiscal year 2025 due to rising food prices [15][16]. - Despite the short-term adjustments, the medium-term inflation trajectory is expected to remain stable, with projections indicating a return to below 2% by the fiscal year 2026 [16]. Group 4: Bond Market Dynamics - Political uncertainties in Japan are currently pushing up long-term yields, but these premiums are expected to gradually ease as political clarity improves [17][18]. - The 10-year Japanese government bonds remain attractive, with expected holding and rolling yields surpassing capital losses, even with anticipated interest rate hikes [18].

Core Viewpoint - Goldman Sachs anticipates that the Federal Reserve will lower interest rates in September, three months earlier than previously predicted, due to signs of milder inflation related to tariffs and counter-inflationary forces such as slowing wage growth and weakened demand [1] Summary by Relevant Categories Interest Rate Predictions - Goldman Sachs estimates that the probability of a rate cut in September is "slightly above" 50% [1] - The firm expects rate cuts of 25 basis points in September, October, and December, with two additional cuts anticipated in early 2026 [1] Terminal Rate Expectations - Goldman Sachs has revised its terminal rate forecast down from 3.5%-3.75% to 3%-3.25% [1]