美联储会议纪要的工作人员经济展望提到，与10月份会议准备的预测相比，总体而言，到2028年，实际 GDP增速预计将略有加快，这主要反映了金融市场状况预计将提供更大的支持，以及潜在产出增长预期 有所增强。2025年之后，随着高关税带来的负面影响减弱，以及财政政策和金融市场状况继续支持支 出，预计到2028年，GDP增速将保持在潜在增长率之上。因此，预计失业率将在今年之后逐步下降，并 在2027年达到略低于工作人员估计的自然失业率的水平。总体而言，工作人员对2025年和2026年的通胀 预测略低于10月份会议上提出的预测，但对2027年和2028年的预测则与之前类似。 ...

随着欧洲央行决策者愈发坚定地认为当前货币政策处于"良好位置"，市场情绪出现显著逆转，交易员已 开始通过定价反映该行在2026年重启加息的可能性，这与此前普遍的降息预期形成鲜明对比。 下周四的欧洲央行会议将成为市场验证这一逻辑的关键节点。据路透12日报道，尽管市场普遍预计欧洲 央行将连续第四次将关键利率维持在2%不变，但投资者关注的焦点已从降息转向未来的紧缩路径。据 彭博的一项调查，超过60%的受访经济学家现在预测欧央行的下一次利率调整将是向上的，而此前持有 这一观点的比例仅为三分之一。 与此同时，大西洋彼岸的美联储刚刚宣布降息25个基点。据华尔街见闻此前文章，高盛及华尔街多家投 行警告称，这种政策分化——美联储"向左"宽松，欧央行"向右"紧缩——预计将在2026年前后通过汇率 市场显现关键影响。由于其他央行维持紧缩倾向，美元面临的贬值压力正成为市场焦点，这可能导致欧 元被动升值，进而成为影响欧洲央行未来决策的外部变量。 投资者正密切关注下周会议释放的信号，以寻找是否有理由维持加息押注。路透指出，除利率决议外， 本次会议还面临关于通胀预测、政策路径、地缘政治影响及人事变动等五大关键问题。 关于明年及更长远的政策 ...

通胀走势基本符合前期预测。2026年商品、食品及医疗保健价格将面临进一步上行压力，而房价则承受下行压 力。我们维持整体通胀预测不变：2025年2.8%，2026年2.5%（此前为2.6%），2027年2.4%。核心通胀率预测值 为：2025年3.0%（维持不变）、2026年2.8%（维持不变）、2027年2.6%。 尽管劳动力市场出现降温迹象，美国经济增长仍保持相对稳健。我们预计在财政和货币政策支持下，环比增长将 在2026年恢复，但从结构上看，人口结构正日益限制经济生产能力的进一步扩张。 鉴于贸易战对经济增长的影响小于预期，我们将2025年GDP增长预测从1.6%上调至1.8%，2026年预测从1.4%上调 至1.9%。预计2027年经济增长将趋于平稳，维持在1.7%的较低趋势增速。 预计美联储将于12月、3月及6月各降息25个基点（此前预测为1月、4月和7月），随后在2026年剩余时间及2027年 维持3.00-3.25%的终点利率水平。前景风险呈均衡态势。若私人消费突然放缓，可能促使美联储重启更激进的降 息周期；但持续的财政宽松政策也可能迫使美联储将利率维持在高于我们预期的结构性高位。 ...

Group 1: CPI Analysis - In October, the CPI year-on-year increased to 0.2%, up 0.5 percentage points from the previous value of -0.3%[15] - The core CPI month-on-month rose to 0.2%, recovering from a seasonal low in September[6] - The food CPI month-on-month growth narrowed to +0.3%, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous value[5] Group 2: PPI Analysis - The PPI year-on-year improved to -2.1%, up 0.2 percentage points from the previous value of -2.3%[27] - The PPI month-on-month returned to positive territory at 0.1%, marking the first increase in 2025[27] - Input factors and domestic high-end manufacturing reduced their drag on PPI year-on-year by 0.4 percentage points each[30] Group 3: Future Predictions - November CPI is expected to rise to approximately 1.2% year-on-year, with a month-on-month increase of around 0.4%[34] - November PPI is anticipated to decline year-on-year, with an average forecast of -2.6% for 2025[35] - The CPI-PPI year-on-year differential is projected to widen in November, indicating diverging inflation trends[36]

Group 1 - The Bank of Japan's decision to maintain its policy interest rate has reinforced market expectations for a cautious approach to monetary tightening under Prime Minister Fumio Kishida's leadership [1][2] - The outcome of the monetary policy meeting, with only two board members supporting a rate hike, is interpreted as a dovish signal, leading to a depreciation of the yen and support for Japanese government bonds [1][3] - Analysts believe that the likelihood of a rate hike before 2026 is low, given the Bank of Japan's stable inflation forecasts and voting results [1] Group 2 - Strategists from Standard Chartered and ANZ Bank emphasize that the Bank of Japan's cautious stance on monetary policy normalization may keep the yen below the 150 level against the dollar [2] - The market is closely watching for signals from Bank of Japan Governor Kazuo Ueda, particularly regarding communication with the Kishida government, which leans towards a dovish monetary policy [2] - The recent policy statement closely resembles the previous one, leading to potential disappointment among yen bulls regarding Ueda's future comments [2][3] Group 3 - The decision by the Bank of Japan aligns with market expectations for a dovish monetary policy under Kishida, potentially providing breathing room for the Japanese stock market [3] - Despite the decision slightly exceeding expectations, the support for a low-interest-rate environment continues to pressure the yen, resulting in a slight rebound of the dollar against the yen [3] - The limited opposition to maintaining the current rate, with only two members dissenting, suggests that the Bank of Japan may resume rate hikes in the coming months [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news highlights the performance and trends in the credit bond ETF market, particularly focusing on the BoShi Credit Bond ETF, which has shown a slight increase in value and significant trading volume over the past year [2] - As of October 21, the credit bond ETF BoShi has a recent trading volume of 2.611 billion yuan on average per day over the past year, indicating strong market activity [2] - In September, the total bond financing in the real estate sector reached 56.1 billion yuan, marking a year-on-year increase of 31%, with credit bond financing contributing significantly to this growth [2] Group 2 - The report from CITIC Securities suggests that inflation predictions for 2026 may show a steady increase in PPI, influenced by various economic indicators, while CPI may experience fluctuations [3] - Huaxi Securities notes that the demand for credit bonds may decline in the fourth quarter due to seasonal trends and institutional profit-taking pressures, which could hinder the performance of the credit bond market [3] - The latest scale of the credit bond ETF BoShi is reported to be 10.034 billion yuan, closely tracking the Shenzhen benchmark credit bond index [3]

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call discusses the implications of the federal government shutdown that began on October 1st, 2025, and its impact on economic data availability and forecasts. Core Insights and Arguments - **Shutdown Duration Predictions**: Prediction markets indicate an 85% probability that the shutdown will last at least ten days, with potential implications for military pay and pressure on Congress to reach a compromise before October 15th [3][5][6]. - **Data Release Delays**: Nearly all federal economic data releases are postponed until after the shutdown ends, with exceptions for the Federal Reserve, the Daily Treasury Statement, and some state-level jobless claims data [9][14]. - **Labor Market Indicators**: The job growth tracker rebounded to 80,000 jobs per month in September, following a trough of 0 in April and May. The labor market tightness indicator suggests conditions are looser than in 2018-2019 [19][26]. - **Inflation Forecasting**: The preliminary estimate for September core CPI indicates a moderation in inflation to 0.26% month-over-month, down from 0.35% in August. This forecast is based on alternative data sources [30][31]. - **Impact on GDP Growth**: The direct effect of federal furloughs is estimated to reduce the quarter-on-quarter annualized growth rate of real GDP by approximately -0.11 percentage points for each week of the shutdown [42][43]. Additional Important Content - **Historical Context**: The longest previous shutdown lasted 34 days, and past shutdowns have shown that data releases are typically delayed longer than the duration of the shutdown [4][14]. - **Quality of Data**: An extended shutdown could impact the quality of data collected, as seen in previous shutdowns where data collection was significantly reduced [40][41]. - **Labor Market Effects**: The shutdown may temporarily raise the unemployment rate, but the overall impact on employment measures is expected to be minimal. Furloughed federal workers may be misclassified in employment reports [51][55]. - **Alternative Data Sources**: In the absence of government data, private-sector data will continue to provide insights into the labor market and inflation, although the reliability of alternative data varies [33][35]. This summary encapsulates the critical points discussed in the conference call regarding the economic implications of the government shutdown, focusing on labor market conditions, inflation forecasts, and the expected delays in data releases.

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the controversy surrounding Kevin Hassett's defense of the Federal Reserve's independence while simultaneously justifying President Trump's criticisms of it, highlighting the complex stance within the Trump administration regarding the Fed's independence and its implications for future monetary policy direction [1]. Group 1: Criticism of the Federal Reserve - Hassett's first accusation is that the Federal Reserve's inflation predictions in 2021 demonstrate partisan bias, claiming that the Fed allowed inflation to spiral out of control under the Biden administration [2]. - Timiraos points out that during Biden's presidency, five out of six Federal Reserve governors were appointed during Trump's first term, including current Chair Jerome Powell, indicating a lack of partisan bias in the Fed's composition [2]. Group 2: Monetary Policy Adjustments - Timiraos notes that the Federal Reserve began significantly raising interest rates once it recognized that its monetary policy was off track, with Biden-appointed governors filling positions starting in the second quarter of 2022 [3]. - The Fed announced a tapering of bond purchases on November 3, 2021, prior to Biden's reappointment of Powell, suggesting that the decision to tighten policy was not solely dependent on the timing of Powell's nomination [4]. Group 3: Election-Year Rate Cuts - Hassett's third claim is that the Fed unexpectedly cut rates before the last election to aid the Democratic candidate Kamala Harris, a viewpoint that Hassett did not express at the time and later defended as a wise decision based on available data [5].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the controversy surrounding Kevin Hassett's defense of the Federal Reserve's independence while simultaneously justifying President Trump's criticisms of it, highlighting the complexities within the Trump administration regarding this sensitive topic [1]. Group 1: Criticism of the Federal Reserve - Hassett's first accusation is that the Federal Reserve's inflation predictions in 2021 demonstrate partisan bias, claiming that the Fed allowed inflation to spiral out of control under the Biden administration [2]. - Timiraos points out that during Biden's presidency, five out of six Federal Reserve governors were appointed during Trump's first term, including current Chair Jerome Powell, indicating a lack of partisan bias in the appointments [2]. Group 2: Monetary Policy Adjustments - Timiraos notes that once the Federal Reserve recognized its monetary policy was off track, it began to raise interest rates significantly, with Biden-appointed governors filling positions starting in the second quarter of 2022 [3]. - The first significant rate hike of 75 basis points occurred in June 2022, with subsequent hikes also supported by the newly appointed governors [3]. Group 3: Timing of Policy Tightening - Hassett's second claim is that the Federal Reserve only began tightening monetary policy after Biden nominated Powell for a second term, which was announced on November 22, 2021 [4]. - Timiraos counters that the Fed had already announced a tapering of bond purchases on November 3, 2021, indicating that the decision to tighten was not solely dependent on Biden's nomination [4]. Group 4: Election-Year Rate Cuts - Hassett's third accusation is that the Federal Reserve unexpectedly cut rates before the last election to aid Democratic candidate Kamala Harris [5]. - Timiraos highlights that Hassett did not express this view at the time and had previously defended the rate cut as a wise decision based on available data [5]. Group 5: Historical Perspective on Decisions - Hassett acknowledged in a later interview that while the rate cut might be viewed as a mistake in hindsight, it is essential to consider the context in which policymakers made their decisions [6].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the controversy surrounding Kevin Hassett's defense of the Federal Reserve's independence while simultaneously supporting President Trump's criticisms of it, highlighting the complexities within the Trump administration regarding this sensitive topic [1]. Group 1: Criticism of the Federal Reserve - Hassett's first accusation is that the Federal Reserve's inflation predictions in 2021 demonstrate partisan bias, claiming that the Fed allowed inflation to spiral out of control under the Biden administration [2]. - Timiraos points out that during Biden's presidency, five out of six Federal Reserve governors were appointed during Trump's first term, including current Chair Jerome Powell, indicating a lack of partisan influence from the Biden administration [2]. Group 2: Monetary Policy Adjustments - Timiraos notes that the Federal Reserve began significantly raising interest rates once it recognized that its monetary policy was off track, with Biden-appointed governors filling positions starting in the second quarter of 2022 [3]. - The first rate hike of 75 basis points occurred in June 2022, with subsequent hikes also supported by the newly appointed governors [3]. Group 3: Timing of Policy Tightening - Hassett's second claim is that the Federal Reserve only began tightening monetary policy after Biden nominated Powell for a second term, which was announced on November 22, 2021 [4]. - Timiraos counters that the Fed had already announced a tapering of bond purchases on November 3, 2021, indicating that the decision to tighten policy was not solely dependent on Biden's nomination [4]. Group 4: Election-Year Rate Cuts - Hassett's third accusation is that the Federal Reserve unexpectedly cut rates before the last election to aid Democratic candidate Kamala Harris [5]. - Timiraos highlights that Hassett did not express this view at the time and had previously defended the rate cut as a wise decision based on available data [5][6].