Core Viewpoint - The U.S. government has implemented adjusted "reciprocal tariffs" that impose tariffs ranging from 10% to 41% on numerous trade partners, leading to significant international criticism and concerns about economic colonialism [1][10][12]. Group 1: Tariff Implementation and Agreements - The tariffs have been enacted despite the U.S. reaching agreements with several countries, including the UK, Vietnam, and the EU, but key details remain contentious and uncertain [1][3]. - The agreements deviate from the U.S. claim of "reciprocal" tariffs, as most trade partners face tariffs over 15%, while the U.S. products often enjoy lower or no tariffs [5][9]. - The U.S. is leveraging these agreements to push for unilateral market access while maintaining high tariffs to protect its own industries [5][6]. Group 2: Economic Impact and Criticism - The agreements are perceived as benefiting the U.S. disproportionately, with Japan committing to invest $550 billion, of which the U.S. claims it will receive 90% of the profits, raising concerns about fair profit distribution [5][8]. - The EU's commitment to purchase $750 billion worth of energy from the U.S. by 2028 is questioned due to logistical challenges and current capacity limitations [8][12]. - Critics, including European leaders, argue that these agreements represent a form of economic coercion that undermines multilateral trade systems and could lead to increased isolation for the U.S. [10][12][13]. Group 3: Global Trade Dynamics - The U.S. tariffs and agreements are prompting trade partners to seek closer ties with each other, potentially reshaping global trade dynamics away from U.S. influence [13]. - Observers note that the U.S. underestimates the negative impact of its tariff policies on its own economy and global trade, risking long-term economic consequences [13].

欧盟的强硬回应暗藏妥协空间。尽管欧盟委员会执行副主席特雷莎·里韦拉24日向埃菲社宣称"不会屈服于勒索"，但布鲁塞尔智库欧洲政策中心的数据显 示，欧盟汽车业对美出口依赖度达23%，德国宝马集团在美南卡罗来纳州（）工厂的零部件50%来自欧洲供应链。这种经济依存关系，使得欧盟在谈判桌 上难以完全关闭对话窗口。 特朗普的谈判策略呈现典型实用主义特征。其关税威胁与延期决定的时间差仅36小时，这种"极限施压-突然让步"的循环，被批评为将经贸问题工具化。 更值得关注的是，美国商务部（）在谈判延期前夕突然放宽对欧洲特种钢材的反倾销调查，这种"胡萝卜加大棒"的组合拳，折射出华盛顿试图通过制造危 机感迫使欧盟让步的算计。欧洲企业界已感受到寒意。法国汽车制造商协会统计显示，关税威胁导致雷诺、标致等品牌在美订单量单日暴跌40%，而德国 机械工程行业协会则警告，若数字服务税争议升级，外国科技企业可能将欧洲总部迁至新加坡。这种连锁反应迫使欧盟在坚持原则与避免经济冲击间艰难 平衡。这场关税博弈的吊诡之处在于双方都在表演强硬。特朗普需要关税威胁巩固基本盘选票，欧盟则要通过抗争姿态安抚成员国中的自由贸易支持者。 但现实是，欧洲对美贸易顺差已从 ...