Core Viewpoint - Trump's pressure on the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates and reshape its leadership is raising global concerns among central banks about political interference in monetary policy [1][2]. Group 1: Impact on Central Bank Independence - Central bank officials from around the world expressed strong support for Powell's independence during the Jackson Hole meeting, viewing any loss of independence as a direct threat to global economic stability [2]. - Joachim Nagel, head of the German central bank, emphasized that independence is essential for price stability and should not be taken for granted [2]. - Concerns were raised that if the Fed succumbs to political pressure, it could set a dangerous precedent for political attacks on monetary policy independence globally [2][3]. Group 2: Global Political Pressure on Central Banks - Trump's actions are not isolated; central banks in Latvia, Slovenia, and Japan have faced similar political pressures [3]. - The Latvian central bank governor faced criticism for not aligning with government wishes, while Slovenia has been without a central bank governor due to political disputes [3]. - Japan's former Prime Minister Abe criticized the previous central bank governor, leading to a change in leadership that resulted in aggressive monetary policies [3]. Group 3: Potential Market Reactions - Currently, financial markets do not show deep concern regarding the Fed's independence, with strong stock market performance and stable bond yields [4]. - However, if the Fed's independence is compromised, it could lead to significant market turmoil, with investors demanding higher risk premiums for holding U.S. Treasuries [5]. - Analysts warn that Trump's actions could encourage governments, especially populist ones, to exert control over their central banks, potentially leading to rising global inflation and increased market volatility [5].

广发证券资深宏观分析师 陈嘉荔 gfchenjiali@gf.com.cn 广发宏观郭磊团队 摘要 第五， 美乌签署矿产协议。美国国务院发言人布鲁斯5月2日表示，美国将不再在俄罗斯和乌克兰的谈判中扮 演调解人的角色 。这一表态意味着美国自 2024 年底以来主导的一系列停火与分阶段撤军方案基本搁浅。 第六 ， OPEC+原油增产。5月4日，OPEC+ 在沙特主导下宣布 6 月起日增产 41.1 万桶 ，从此前"小步增 量"转为激进放量，标志政策转向。沙特此举既意在回应长期超产的哈萨克斯坦、伊拉克，也借高闲置产能遏 制美国页岩油。华尔街随即下调布伦特预测，布伦特原油跌至四年低位至58美元/桶。得益于油价下跌，亚洲 航空公司股价均明显上扬。 。 第七， 亚洲货币普遍上涨，彭博亚洲货币指数触及六个月高位。4月30日至5月5日期间，中国台湾地区新台 币、马来西亚林吉特、韩元、新加坡元、泰铢、离岸人民币、印尼盾分别升值6.64%、2.33%、1.66%、 1.09%、1.07%、0.91%、0.9%。我们理解可能一是资金从美元资产流出；二是市场预期未来亚洲的出口 商将会减少美元持有；三是市场认为现阶段已经从关税风险上行 ...