华源证券近日发布交通运输行业周报：国际航空运输协会（IATA）发布全球航空业最新财务展望。尽 管航空供应链瓶颈持续存在，但行业盈利已趋于稳健。2026年全球航空公司预计实现总净利润410亿美 元，创历史新高，但净利率仍维持在3.9%，与2025年持平。2026年亚太地区净利润估算66亿美元，中 国和印度引领区域增长，但单客利润仅3.20美元，处于较低水平。 以下为研究报告摘要： 投资要点： 一、行业动态跟踪 快递物流： 1）黑五新兴市场物流需求稳健增长，极兔速递巴西单日揽收量创新高。根据极兔节拍公众号，极兔巴 西在11月迎来订单规模双重突破：非平台类客户订单量较10月环比激增近40%，平台类客户订单量环比 提升约25%；与今年第三季度日均水平相比，平台类订单增幅高达80%。从年度维度来看，巴西市场当 前业务体量较去年同期已实现超200%的跨越式增长；与此同时，墨西哥、埃及等其他新兴市场同步承 接黑五消费外溢需求，保持着20%左右的稳定同比增长。 2）申通常德转运中心主体结构全面封顶，全面投产年处理包裹量可达50000万件。根据申通之声公众 号，湖南常德高新区的申通常德转运中心项目主体结构全面封顶。该项目总投资 ...

Industry Dynamics - The BDTI index for oil tanker rates decreased by 3.2% week-on-week to 1414 points, with VLCC TCE down by 6.9% [1] - SF Express launched an "overdue compensation" service, providing cash compensation for delivery delays caused by the company, starting from December 1 [1] - Zhongtong Express held a labor rules negotiation meeting to ensure 100% direct linkage of delivery and pickup fees for couriers, with a focus on income transparency and worker protection [2] Shipping and Port Operations - VLCC spot rates remain strong, with the TD3C route TCE reported at $122,000/day, up 151.4% since late August [4] - The BDI index reached a two-year high of 2845 points, driven by strong demand from Australian miners [5] - The SCFI composite index for Shanghai export container rates decreased by 0.4% to 1398 points [5] - The BCTI index for product tanker rates fell by 7.0% to 810 points [6] - The BDI index for bulk carriers increased by 12.5% to 2711 points, with BCI/BPI/BSI showing mixed results [6] - China's port cargo throughput increased by 8.43% week-on-week, while container throughput decreased by 0.27% [7] Logistics and Supply Chain - National logistics operations were stable from November 24 to November 30, with rail freight increasing by 0.74% [8] - Shenzhen International is expected to benefit from the transformation of logistics parks, providing performance elasticity [11] - The logistics sector is experiencing a favorable competitive landscape, with companies like Debon and Aneng Logistics showing strong profit potential [11] Investment Opportunities - The express delivery sector is expected to benefit from resilient e-commerce demand and a reduction in price competition, with companies like SF Express and JD Logistics poised for growth [9] - The oil transportation market is anticipated to improve due to OPEC+ production increases and potential interest rate cuts, with companies like China Merchants Energy and COSCO Shipping Energy recommended for investment [10] - The bulk shipping market is expected to recover, driven by environmental regulations and new iron ore supply from the Simandou project, with companies like China Merchants Energy and Hainan Airlines Technology highlighted [10] - The shipbuilding sector is entering a profit realization phase, with companies like China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation recommended for attention [10] - The aviation sector is showing signs of sustainable demand growth, with companies like China Eastern Airlines and Hainan Airlines Holdings suggested for early investment [11]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the transportation industry is "Positive" (maintained) [3] Core Views - The express logistics sector is experiencing resilient demand, with a "de-involution" trend driving up express prices, enhancing corporate profitability. The long-term outlook for e-commerce express logistics is positive due to healthy competition [3][13] - The shipping sector is expected to benefit from the OPEC+ production increase and the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts, with a notable improvement in VLCC freight rates anticipated in Q4 2025 [13] - The aviation industry is seeing stable demand growth, with supply chain issues leading to increased costs for airlines. The overall passenger demand is projected to grow by 10.4% in 2024, outpacing capacity growth [9][14] Summary by Sections Express Logistics - In September 2025, major express companies reported improved performance, with YTO, Shentong, and Yunda achieving business volumes of 2.627 billion, 2.187 billion, and 2.110 billion pieces, respectively, representing year-on-year growth of 13.64%, 9.46%, and 3.63% [3][27] - The average revenue per piece for these companies also saw increases, indicating a trend of rising prices in the express delivery sector [3][27] Shipping and Ports - The implementation of new port fees between China and the US is expected to create a dual market structure, granting strategic pricing power to compliant shipping capacities [5] - China has secured pricing power for iron ore, marking a significant shift in global commodity trade dynamics [6] - The Shanghai Container Freight Index (SCFI) rose by 12.9% week-on-week, indicating a positive trend in shipping rates [7] Aviation - The International Air Transport Association (IATA) reported that supply chain bottlenecks are delaying aircraft production, leading to increased costs for airlines, estimated to exceed $11 billion in 2025 [9] - Chinese airlines collectively oppose the US Department of Transportation's proposed flight restrictions, highlighting concerns over operational impacts [10] Road and Rail - National logistics operations were reported to be running smoothly, with significant increases in highway freight traffic [12] - The National Development and Reform Commission plans to enhance electric vehicle charging infrastructure along highways by 2027 [12] Overall Market Performance - From October 13 to October 17, 2025, the transportation sector index increased by 0.73%, outperforming the Shanghai Composite Index, which fell by 1.47% [18]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the transportation industry is "Positive" (maintained) [4] Core Views - The current demand in the e-commerce express delivery sector is resilient, and the "anti-involution" trend is driving up express delivery prices, releasing profit elasticity for companies. Long-term positive competition opportunities are expected in the e-commerce express delivery sector. Companies like SF Express and JD Logistics are likely to benefit from cyclical recovery and ongoing cost reductions, with potential for both performance and valuation increases [13] - In the shipping sector, the outlook for crude oil transportation is favorable due to the OPEC+ production increase cycle and the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts. The geopolitical uncertainties in the Middle East may enhance VLCC freight rate elasticity. The shipping market is expected to improve significantly in Q4 2025, with recommendations to focus on companies like China Merchants Energy Shipping and COSCO Shipping Energy [13] - The shipbuilding sector is in the early stages of a green renewal cycle, with shipping market conditions and green renewal progress being the core demand drivers. Despite a decline in new ship orders, shipyards remain busy. Factors constraining new ship market activities are expected to ease or improve, suggesting a potential profit realization period for shipbuilding companies [14] Summary by Sections Express Delivery - The express delivery industry is experiencing a significant increase in business volume, with a year-on-year growth of 12.3% in the number of packages delivered [24] - Major companies like YTO Express and SF Express are showing strong growth in business volume, with SF Express achieving a remarkable 34.8% year-on-year increase [26] Shipping - The current week saw a slight increase in the Clarkson comprehensive freight rate to $28,977 per day, while the BDI index decreased by 4.3% to 1,941 points [44] - The crude oil transportation index (BDTI) decreased by 2.5% to 1,084 points, indicating a slight downturn in the market [44] Aviation - In August 2025, global air passenger demand grew by 4.6%, with a load factor of 86.0%, marking a historical high for the month [10] - The overall passenger transport volume for civil aviation reached approximately 75 million, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 3.3% [55] Logistics - The logistics sector is seeing a positive trend, with companies like Debon Logistics and Aneng Logistics showing significant improvements in profitability due to strategic transformations and ecosystem optimizations [15] Ports - The total cargo throughput at Chinese ports reached 272.175 million tons, with a week-on-week increase of 4.69% [71] - Container throughput also saw an increase of 8.84%, indicating a robust performance in the port sector [71]