1月21日，中国人民银行北京市分行公布的最新行政处罚公示信息显示，开联通支付服务有限公司（下称"开联通支付"）因违规开展T+0交易结算等七项 违法违规行为，被没收违法所得2555.72万元，并处罚款1287.77万元，罚没合计3843.49万元。 早在2025年2月8日，开联通支付就曾因"与身份不明的客户进行交易""未按规定履行客户身份识别义务"等三项违法行为被处罚款118.85万元；时任公司总 经理徐某祺也被罚款10.83万元。 官网介绍，开联通支付服务有限公司成立于2010年，注册资金1亿元，是国内首批27家获得中国人民银行颁发《支付业务许可证》的非银行支付机构之 一，并于2021年成功续展，有效期延至2026年5月。公司主要业务包括预付卡发行与受理（全国）、互联网支付、跨境支付、企业支付解决方案定制等。 | 序号 | 当事人名称 | 行政处罚 | 违法行为类型 | 行政处罚内容 | 作出行政处罚 | 作出行政处罚 | 公示期限 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | 决定书文号 | | | 决定机关名称 | 决定日期 | | | ...

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China has issued the "Classification Rating Management Measures for Non-Bank Payment Institutions," which aims to enhance the regulation of non-bank payment institutions and implement differentiated regulatory measures, effective from February 1, 2026 [1]. Group 1: Regulatory Framework - The classification rating includes seven modules: corporate governance, business norms, reserve fund management, user rights protection, system security, anti-money laundering measures, and operational stability [1]. - The classification rating will be conducted annually, with the evaluation period covering the previous year, resulting in five categories and eleven levels [1]. - The classification results will guide the regulatory focus and enable differentiated supervision by the People's Bank of China and its branches [1]. Group 2: Impact on Industry - The new regulations represent a significant step in the continuous improvement of the payment industry regulatory framework, laying a solid institutional foundation for high-quality industry development [1]. - A quantitative rating system will enhance transparency and precision in regulatory standards, covering core risk points and encouraging institutions to proactively manage risks [1]. - Higher-rated institutions will benefit from a stronger market position and more business opportunities, while lower-rated institutions will face increased compliance costs and operational pressures [2]. Group 3: Compliance and Market Dynamics - The classification results will be used solely for regulatory purposes and will not be disclosed publicly, preventing institutions from using ratings for advertising or marketing [2]. - Regular classification ratings will integrate compliance concepts into the entire operational process of institutions, promoting better corporate governance, technical security, and service levels [2][3]. - The unified compliance standards will create a fair competitive environment, reducing regulatory arbitrage opportunities, while differentiated measures will allow high-quality institutions to innovate [2].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China has released a revised "Non-Bank Payment Institutions Classification Rating Management Measures" to enhance the regulation of non-bank payment institutions and implement differentiated regulatory measures, effective from February 1 of this year [1][3]. Group 1: Rating Structure - The classification rating consists of seven modules: corporate governance (10 points), business norms (25 points), reserve fund management (10 points), user rights protection (10 points), system security (15 points), anti-money laundering measures (15 points), and operational stability (15 points) [1][3]. - The total score for the rating is 100 points, with business norms having the highest weight of 25 points, followed by system security, anti-money laundering measures, and operational stability, each worth 15 points [3][8]. - The rating results are categorized into five classes (A, B, C, D, E) with a total of 11 levels, where A class institutions are required to rectify issues within a specified time without special regulatory measures, while lower-rated institutions face increasingly stringent regulations [1][3][4]. Group 2: Regulatory Measures - Institutions rated as D class must rectify issues and undergo semi-annual discussions with key stakeholders until the issues are resolved, along with additional regulatory measures such as reporting risk situations to clearing institutions [4][11]. - Institutions can be directly rated as E class if they fail to submit self-assessment reports, are found guilty of crimes, exceed approved business types, or have significant violations as defined by regulations [4][5]. Group 3: Rating Frequency and Disclosure - The classification rating will be conducted annually, with the evaluation period covering the previous year, to enhance regulatory effectiveness and assess the operational level and risk of payment institutions [7][10]. - The rating results are primarily for internal regulatory use by the People's Bank of China and its branches, with restrictions on public disclosure and use for marketing purposes [6][7]. Group 4: Industry Impact - The new classification rating system signifies a shift towards a more precise and differentiated regulatory approach in the non-bank payment industry, promoting compliance and operational efficiency among institutions [11][12]. - Higher-rated institutions may benefit from enhanced market opportunities, while lower-rated institutions will face increased compliance costs and operational pressures, potentially leading to a more competitive market environment [12].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China has released a revised management method for the classification and rating of non-bank payment institutions, effective from February 1, 2026, marking a new phase in the regulatory framework for the industry [1][5]. Group 1: Regulatory Framework - The classification rating will occur annually, evaluating the previous year's performance, and will categorize payment institutions into five classes (A, B, C, D, E) with a total of 11 levels [1][5]. - The new regulation aims to implement a systematic scoring system to accurately classify payment institutions, aligning with the direction of "classified supervision" in the regulatory framework [1][5]. Group 2: Rating Criteria - The classification rating includes seven modules: corporate governance, business norms, reserve fund management, user rights protection, system security, anti-money laundering measures, and operational stability, with a total score out of 100 [3][11]. - Each module has specific weightings: corporate governance (10 points), business norms (25 points), reserve fund management (10 points), user rights protection (10 points), system security (15 points), anti-money laundering measures (15 points), and operational stability (15 points) [3][11]. Group 3: Regulatory Implementation - The People's Bank of China will utilize the classification rating results to inform regulatory plans, allocate resources, and determine the frequency and scope of inspections [3][11]. - Institutions rated as A will be required to rectify issues within a specified timeframe without additional regulatory measures, while B-rated institutions will undergo regulatory discussions and annual meetings with key stakeholders until issues are resolved [4][12]. Group 4: Impact on the Industry - The new classification rating system is seen as a critical step in enhancing the regulatory framework, promoting proactive compliance among institutions, and improving risk management capabilities across the industry [4][12]. - High-rated institutions are expected to benefit from greater flexibility in development opportunities, fostering a competitive environment that encourages compliance and innovation [6][14]. Group 5: Future Outlook - The regulation is anticipated to facilitate a collaborative development of compliance and innovation within the payment industry, allowing for the exploration of digital service upgrades while ensuring safety and adaptability [7][15].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China has released a revised management method for the classification and rating of non-bank payment institutions, effective from February 1, 2026, aimed at enhancing regulatory oversight and resource allocation in the payment industry [1] Group 1: Regulatory Framework - The new method includes a classification rating system that will be conducted annually, with a total score derived from seven modules, including corporate governance, business norms, reserve fund management, user rights protection, system security, anti-money laundering measures, and operational stability [2] - The classification results will categorize institutions into five classes (A, B, C, D, E) based on their scores, with specific criteria for automatic classification as E for severe violations [2] Group 2: Regulatory Efficiency and Focus - The classification results will be utilized by the People's Bank of China to formulate regulatory plans and allocate resources effectively, enhancing the precision of regulatory measures [4] - Institutions rated A will be required to rectify issues within a specified timeframe without special regulatory measures, while B-rated institutions will undergo additional scrutiny, including mandatory discussions with key stakeholders [4] Group 3: Industry Impact - The clear rating standards will provide payment institutions with compliance benchmarks, encouraging proactive risk management and enhancing service quality [5] - The normalization of classification ratings is expected to integrate compliance concepts deeply into the operational processes of institutions, thereby improving overall governance, technical security, and service levels across the industry [5]

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China has issued a notice regarding the implementation of the revised "Non-Bank Payment Institutions Classification Rating Management Measures," which will take effect on February 1, 2026, focusing on the classification and evaluation of payment institutions [1] Group 1: Classification Rating Framework - The classification rating will assess payment institutions based on governance, business norms, reserve fund management, user rights protection, system security, anti-money laundering measures, and operational stability [1] - Each category will include several rating factors, composed of both quantitative and qualitative indicators [1] Group 2: Rating Scoring System - The total score for the classification rating is 100 points, distributed across various modules: governance (10 points), business norms (25 points), reserve fund management (10 points), user rights protection (10 points), system security (15 points), anti-money laundering measures (15 points), and operational stability (15 points) [1] - The classification results will be divided into five categories with eleven levels: A (AAA, AA, A), B (BBB, BB, B), C (CCC, CC, C), D, and E [1]

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China has released a revised classification rating management method for non-bank payment institutions, aimed at enhancing regulatory oversight and resource allocation in the sector [1]. Group 1: Classification Rating Management - The revised management method will be implemented starting February 1, 2026, and involves evaluating payment institutions based on their operational management and risk status [1]. - The classification rating includes seven modules: corporate governance, business norms, reserve fund management, user rights protection, system security, anti-money laundering measures, and operational stability [1]. - Each module has specific scoring criteria, with a total score of 100 points distributed as follows: corporate governance (10 points), business norms (25 points), reserve fund management (10 points), user rights protection (10 points), system security (15 points), anti-money laundering measures (15 points), and operational stability (15 points) [1]. Group 2: Rating Results and Categories - The classification rating will be conducted annually, with the evaluation period covering the previous year [2]. - Significant changes in payment institutions that could affect their rating can be included in the current evaluation, and such matters will not be considered in the next evaluation period [2]. - The rating results serve as a critical measure of the operational status and risk level of payment institutions, categorized into five classes (A, B, C, D, E) with a total of 11 levels [2]. Group 3: Rating Classifications - Class A institutions exhibit excellent overall ratings, operate in compliance, have minimal violations, and possess strong risk control capabilities [3]. - Class B institutions show good overall ratings, operate relatively well, have minor violations, and maintain strong risk control [4]. - Class C institutions have average ratings, with general violations and average risk control capabilities [5]. - Class D institutions are rated poorly, with significant violations and weak risk control [6]. - Class E institutions have serious violations and are rated poorly, indicating a direct classification as E [6]. Group 4: Implementation and Utilization - The People's Bank of China and its branches will utilize the classification rating results to formulate regulatory plans, allocate resources effectively, and implement prudent regulatory measures [6]. - The results will guide the analysis of risks within payment institutions, determine regulatory priorities, and influence the frequency and scope of both off-site and on-site inspections [6].

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China has issued the "Non-Bank Payment Institutions Classification Rating Management Measures" to enhance the regulation of non-bank payment institutions and promote their sustainable development [1] Group 1: Classification Rating Overview - The classification rating process evaluates the operational management and risk status of payment institutions based on daily regulatory insights and other relevant information [1] - The classification rating results serve as the foundation for implementing differentiated regulatory measures [1] Group 2: Rating Indicators and Methods - The classification rating includes seven modules: corporate governance, business norms, reserve fund management, user rights protection, system security, anti-money laundering measures, and operational stability [1] - Each module has specific scoring criteria, with a total score of 100 points distributed as follows: corporate governance (10 points), business norms (25 points), reserve fund management (10 points), user rights protection (10 points), system security (15 points), anti-money laundering measures (15 points), and operational stability (15 points) [1] Group 3: Scoring and Adjustment Factors - The scoring for each rating element is determined by the People's Bank of China and its branches based on the actual conditions of the payment institutions, aligning with established rating points and scoring principles [2] - The final rating score is derived from the sum of scores across all rating modules [3] - Rating adjustment factors include both positive and negative adjustments [4] Group 4: Final Rating Determination - The final rating result is established by combining the rating score with adjustment factors, which will inform regulatory planning and resource allocation [5] - The classification rating results will be used to analyze risks within payment institutions and determine regulatory focus, including the frequency and scope of both off-site and on-site inspections [5]

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China has issued the "Classification Rating Management Measures for Non-Bank Payment Institutions," which establishes a structured rating system for payment institutions based on various operational and governance criteria [1] Group 1: Rating Structure - The classification rating includes seven modules: corporate governance, business norms, reserve fund management, user rights protection, system security, anti-money laundering measures, and operational stability [1] - Each module has a specific score allocation, with a total maximum score of 100 points: corporate governance (10 points), business norms (25 points), reserve fund management (10 points), user rights protection (10 points), system security (15 points), anti-money laundering measures (15 points), and operational stability (15 points) [1] Group 2: Regulatory Use and Disclosure - The classification rating results are intended solely for the regulatory use of the People's Bank of China and its branches, and are generally not disclosed to the public [1] - In certain circumstances, the People's Bank of China may share the rating results with other regulatory or government departments, but such information must not be disclosed to third parties [1] - Payment institutions are prohibited from using the classification rating results for advertising, promotion, or marketing purposes [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the effectiveness of electronic payment regulation in China, emphasizing the protection of user funds and the implementation of risk management measures by financial institutions [1][2]. Group 1: Regulatory Framework - The legal framework in China, including the Commercial Bank Law and the Payment Settlement Measures, ensures that users can freely deposit and withdraw their funds [1]. - The Non-Bank Payment Institution Supervision Regulation prohibits payment institutions from misusing or occupying reserve funds [1]. Group 2: Risk Management Measures - To mitigate liquidity risks and ensure customer fund safety, the regulatory system has detailed limit management based on risk levels and transaction types [2]. - The Electronic Payment Guidelines require banks to impose reasonable limits on electronic payment types, single transaction amounts, and daily cumulative payment amounts based on prudential principles [2]. - The Bar Code Payment Business Specification mandates banks and payment institutions to manage payment limits according to the risk tolerance of customers [2].