产后抑郁主要表现为情绪低落或悲伤、对曾经喜欢的事情丧失兴趣、睡眠障碍、食欲不振、疲劳、无助 和暴躁易怒等。公报说，产后出现抑郁症状的女性比例已达到25%至30%，且产后抑郁症的发病不仅在 围产期，而是可能持续至产后4到5年。 新华社东京9月15日电（记者钱铮）日本一项新研究发现，产后抑郁症状越明显的女性，肠道菌群的多 样性越低，而多摄取豆制品、发酵食品、海藻和蘑菇等有助于缓解症状，维持肠道菌群的健康状态。 研究人员发现，产后抑郁症状越明显的女性，体内肠道菌群的多样性越低，特别是与短链脂肪酸产生有 关的细菌相对量要少。短链脂肪酸是肠道中的有益细菌分解膳食纤维产生的一类物质，它们是肠道细胞 的主要能量来源，对肠道健康至关重要。 研究发现，饮食中摄取豆制品、纳豆、酸奶、海藻、蘑菇和粗粮较多的研究对象，其产后抑郁症状较 轻、身体状况更好，肠道内与短链脂肪酸产生有关的细菌相对量较多，而埃希氏菌等病原菌相对量较 少。 日本京都大学、大阪大学等机构研究人员在新一期美国《国家科学院学报·交叉学科》上发表论文说， 团队以日本正在抚养0至4岁婴幼儿的344名女性为对象进行研究。他们分析研究对象的粪便样本，计算 出肠道菌群的多样性 ...

Core Insights - Anti-inflammatory diets are gaining popularity due to their potential to reduce chronic inflammation linked to various diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer [1] Group 1: Anti-inflammatory Foods - Asparagus is rich in polyphenols, which may help prevent cancer, diabetes, and heart disease [3] - Leafy greens like spinach and kale are significant sources of dietary fiber, vitamin E, vitamin C, and other antioxidants [4] - Berries, despite their small size, are nutrient-dense and high in antioxidants, protecting healthy cells from damage [5] - Avocados provide beneficial monounsaturated fatty acids that help prevent chronic inflammation and support gut health [6] - Legumes are high in dietary fiber, which can generate anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids [7] - Coffee contains antioxidants that help combat oxidative stress, which is linked to inflammation [8] - Citrus fruits are rich in vitamin C and flavonoids, which have anti-inflammatory properties [9] - Watermelon contains vitamin C, which helps suppress inflammation [10] - Dark chocolate, particularly varieties with over 70% cocoa, can reduce the risk of heart disease and diabetes due to its flavonoid content [11] - Herbs and spices like cinnamon, ginger, and turmeric can reduce inflammation when added to meals [12] - Olive oil is rich in monounsaturated fats and polyphenols, which have anti-inflammatory properties [13] - Fatty fish, such as salmon and mackerel, are high in omega-3 fatty acids that help block inflammation pathways [14] - Pineapple contains bromelain, which can alleviate pain and swelling from injuries [15] - Tea, especially green tea, contains EGCG, an anti-inflammatory compound [16] - Whole grains provide antioxidants and dietary fiber that support gut health [17] - Walnuts contain alpha-linolenic acid, which has anti-inflammatory effects [18] - Fermented foods improve gut microbiome diversity, reducing inflammation [19] Group 2: Pro-inflammatory Foods - It is essential to limit the intake of ultra-processed foods and refined carbohydrates, which can increase inflammation [20] - Fried foods are high in unhealthy fats, contributing to chronic inflammation [21] - Sugary beverages and foods with added sugars are significant contributors to inflammation [21] - Alcohol should be consumed in moderation, with one glass of red wine being sufficient [22] - Excessive consumption of red meat is linked to increased inflammation markers [22]