Core Viewpoint - The study of Maria Branyas Morera, the world's oldest verified living person, provides insights into aging and longevity, highlighting the potential for distinguishing molecular changes due to aging from those related to health conditions [2][4][6]. Group 1: Research Findings - The research team conducted a high-throughput multi-omics study on Maria Branyas Morera, analyzing her genome, transcriptome, metabolome, proteome, microbiome, and epigenome, with results to be published in Cell Reports Medicine [2][11]. - One major finding is the ability to differentiate molecular changes due to aging from those caused by poor health, as evidenced by her unusually short telomeres without associated age-related diseases [6][11]. - Genetic analysis revealed she possesses mutations that are known to prevent cardiovascular diseases, cognitive decline, and diabetes, while lacking mutations linked to increased risks of certain diseases like Alzheimer's [6][11]. Group 2: Health and Lifestyle Factors - Maria Branyas Morera's blood tests showed low levels of "bad" cholesterol and high levels of "good" cholesterol, indicating efficient lipid metabolism and a strong immune system with low inflammation markers [7]. - Her gut microbiome was found to be similar to that of much younger individuals, with a high abundance of beneficial bacteria, potentially linked to her diet of three servings of yogurt daily [7][8]. - Lifestyle factors such as adherence to a Mediterranean diet and regular exercise may also contribute to her longevity [8].

研究发现，饮食中摄取豆制品、纳豆、酸奶、海藻、蘑菇和粗粮较多的研究对象，其产后抑郁症状 较轻、身体状况更好，肠道内与短链脂肪酸产生有关的细菌相对量较多，而埃希氏菌等病原菌相对量较 少。 产后抑郁主要表现为情绪低落或悲伤、对曾经喜欢的事情丧失兴趣、睡眠障碍、食欲不振、疲劳、 无助和暴躁易怒等。公报说，产后出现抑郁症状的女性比例已达到25%至30%，且产后抑郁症的发病不 仅在围产期，而是可能持续至产后4到5年。 标签： 日本 肠道菌群 饮食习惯 抑郁 (资料图片) 日本京都大学、大阪大学等机构研究人员在新一期美国《国家科学院学报·交叉学科》上发表论文 说，团队以日本正在抚养0至4岁婴幼儿的344名女性为对象进行研究。他们分析研究对象的粪便样本， 计算出肠道菌群的多样性以及菌种占比情况，并评估她们的抑郁症程度以及与抑郁相关的身体症状，还 通过问卷了解睡眠情况和饮食习惯。 研究人员发现，产后抑郁症状越明显的女性，体内肠道菌群的多样性越低，特别是与短链脂肪酸产 生有关的细菌相对量要少。短链脂肪酸是肠道中的有益细菌分解膳食纤维产生的一类物质，它们是肠道 细胞的主要能量来源，对肠道健康至关重要。 ...

Group 1 - A new study in Japan indicates that women with more pronounced postpartum depression symptoms have lower gut microbiome diversity [1] - The research involved 344 women raising children aged 0 to 4 years, analyzing their stool samples to assess gut microbiome diversity and depression levels [1] - Higher intake of soy products, fermented foods, seaweed, and mushrooms is associated with milder postpartum depression symptoms and healthier gut microbiomes [1] Group 2 - Postpartum depression symptoms include low mood, loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities, sleep disturbances, appetite loss, fatigue, helplessness, and irritability [2] - The prevalence of postpartum depression symptoms among women has reached 25% to 30%, with potential persistence for 4 to 5 years postpartum [2]

Group 1 - The article discusses the importance of understanding and maintaining health as individuals age, particularly after experiencing health issues in their 30s [1][3] - It emphasizes the role of gut health and the microbiome, referring to the gut as the "second brain" and highlighting its connection to overall well-being [6][7] - The author suggests practical dietary recommendations to support gut health, including a high intake of vegetables, diverse food colors, fermented foods, and adequate hydration [8][9] Group 2 - The article introduces the concept of "full score anxiety" related to health, fitness, and diet, indicating that striving for perfection can lead to stress and dissatisfaction [4] - It provides insights into the physiological processes of digestion and the importance of proper bowel movements for overall health [9] - The text also touches on the psychological aspects of health, discussing how the brain's responses to stress and anxiety can impact physical health [12][14] Group 3 - The article highlights the significance of aligning daily activities with natural biological rhythms to enhance mental efficiency and well-being [17][18] - It discusses the impact of light exposure on circadian rhythms and suggests practices for better sleep hygiene, such as avoiding screens before bed and maintaining a consistent sleep schedule [19][20] - The author mentions the benefits of breathing techniques and proper nutrition in managing stress and improving overall health [22][25]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the launch of a three-year "Weight Management Year" initiative by the National Health Commission to address the increasing issues of overweight and obesity in China, promoting scientific weight loss and healthy lifestyles [3][4]. Group 1: Current Situation of Overweight and Obesity - The report indicates that the overweight and obesity rates among Chinese youth aged 6-17 have reached 19%, while the adult population's rate stands at 50.7% [5]. - Over the past 15 years, the obesity rate among adolescents has surged by 12 times, with workplace-related obesity and elderly obesity becoming more prevalent [5]. - Chronic diseases related to obesity, such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, account for over 70% of the national disease burden, with direct medical expenses exceeding 240 billion yuan annually [5]. Group 2: Obesity Assessment Criteria - Obesity is primarily assessed using BMI and waist circumference metrics, with a normal BMI range defined as 18.5 to 23.9 [6]. - Waist circumference is a critical indicator of abdominal obesity, with men exceeding 90 cm and women exceeding 85 cm at risk [8]. - Other common obesity assessment indicators include body fat percentage and waist-to-hip ratio, with specific thresholds indicating obesity risk [9]. Group 3: Consequences of Obesity - Obesity is linked to increased body weight and is closely associated with blood sugar and lipid levels, leading to insulin resistance and elevated blood sugar, which can progress to diabetes [10]. - It is also a significant risk factor for dyslipidemia, with excess body fat leading to abnormal blood lipid levels [11]. - Regular monitoring of blood sugar and lipid levels is essential, even for individuals with a normal BMI, to ensure metabolic health [12]. Group 4: Multi-Dimensional Weight Management Strategies - Enhancing basal metabolic rate (BMR) through muscle gain and regular exercise is crucial for effective weight management [13]. - B vitamins play a vital role in energy metabolism, influencing both basal and activity metabolic rates, and their deficiency can lead to metabolic disorders [14]. - Reducing exposure to toxic elements and endocrine disruptors is important for maintaining metabolic balance and preventing obesity [15]. Group 5: Gut Health and Digestion - A healthy gut is essential for nutrient absorption and waste elimination, with gut microbiota playing a significant role in weight regulation [17]. - Hormonal balance, regulated by the endocrine system, is critical for metabolism and energy management, with disruptions potentially leading to obesity [17]. - A balanced diet, incorporating various nutrients, is fundamental for effective weight management and healthy weight loss [17].

Core Insights - The probiotic market in China is projected to exceed 200 billion yuan by 2025, with billion-level live bacteria products becoming the core growth category [2] - The understanding of gut microbiota's role in health is expanding, linking it to digestion, immunity, inflammation, and even mental health [2] Group 1: Definition and Characteristics of Healthy Gut Microbiota - There is currently no fixed standard to define what constitutes a "healthy" gut microbiota [4] - Healthy gut microbiota typically exhibits high diversity, the ability to produce short-chain fatty acids, and stability against external disturbances [6][20] - The ideal composition of gut microbiota remains undetermined, as research is still ongoing [7] Group 2: Probiotic Testing and Its Reliability - The accuracy of gut microbiota testing is generally reliable, with most companies capable of providing accurate reports based on fecal samples [8][10] - However, these tests do not provide comprehensive guidance on optimizing gut health, especially in healthy individuals [10] - Testing can be particularly beneficial for diagnosing specific diseases like inflammatory bowel disease [11] Group 3: Dietary Influences on Gut Health - Different dietary practices, such as consuming fermented foods and high-fiber diets, can positively influence gut microbiota [15][24] - Long-term studies indicate that high-fiber and fermented food diets can enhance microbial diversity and reduce inflammation [26] - The consumption of probiotics may yield short-term benefits, but maintaining a diverse diet is more effective for long-term gut health [23][28] Group 4: Lifestyle Factors Affecting Gut Microbiota - Regular exercise has been shown to improve gut health by enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids [32][33] - Sleep quality also plays a role, with evidence suggesting that sleep deprivation can temporarily disrupt gut microbiota diversity [35] - Close living conditions, such as with pets or family, can lead to microbiota similarities due to shared environments [36][37] Group 5: Probiotic Supplementation and Selection - The effectiveness of probiotic supplements depends on the viability of the bacteria, with live bacteria being essential for health benefits [43] - When selecting probiotics, factors such as the number of live bacteria and the specific strains should be considered [44][45] - The market for probiotics is large, but regulatory oversight is limited, leading to potential misinformation about health benefits [51][52]

Core Insights - The article discusses the advancements in cancer immunotherapy, particularly focusing on PD-1 inhibitors, which have shown significant effectiveness in treating late-stage cancer patients, leading to clinical cures in some cases [2][3] - It emphasizes the importance of educating patients about their treatment options, as over 4 million new cancer diagnoses occur annually in China, with increasing life expectancy potentially raising this number [3] - Immunotherapy is identified as the third revolution in cancer treatment, following chemotherapy and targeted therapy, with various types of immunotherapies available, including CAR-T therapy and cancer vaccines [3][4] Group 1: Immunotherapy Developments - PD-1 inhibitors are highlighted as the most effective anti-cancer drugs currently available, with over 10 companies offering these products in China [2] - Immunotherapy is described as a complex and diverse treatment method, making it challenging for the general public to understand [2] - The article mentions the potential of new therapies such as CAR-T, which has transformed the treatment landscape for blood cancers like leukemia and lymphoma [3] Group 2: Patient Outcomes and Education - Early-stage cancer survival rates are notably high, with breast cancer stage 1 survival rates approaching 100%, and stage 2 at 90%, while stage 3 still maintains a 70% survival rate [3] - The article aims to bridge the information gap regarding cancer immunotherapy, providing patients with knowledge about their treatment choices and instilling hope for long-term coexistence with cancer [3][4] - The role of gut microbiota in enhancing treatment efficacy is emerging as a significant area of research, indicating a holistic approach to cancer therapy [4]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of extending healthy life expectancy in the context of an aging population, highlighting the role of gut microbiota in aging and chronic inflammation [1][4]. Company Overview - Guangxi Aisheng Life Technology Co., Ltd. (Aisheng Life) is a national high-tech enterprise focused on longevity research, having established the world's largest longevity human database and microbiome library [1][4]. - The company has published multiple longevity research findings in renowned international journals over its 7+ years of operation, showcasing its influence in the field [1][4]. Recent Research Achievements - Aisheng Life's research team published a paper in the journal Aging Cell, exploring the causal relationships between gut microbes, aging indicators, and age-related diseases, revealing the potential of gut microbiota as biomarkers for health management and disease prevention [4][5]. - The study innovatively integrated gut microbiota, various aging indicators, and numerous age-related diseases into a comprehensive research framework, confirming the significant role of gut microbiota in aging and disease [5][7]. Research Methodology and Findings - The research utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) and linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) to analyze the genetic correlations and causal relationships between gut microbiota and three aging indicators (telomere length, frailty index, and facial aging) as well as 14 age-related diseases (e.g., coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease, Alzheimer's disease) [5][7]. - Specific gut microbes, such as Bifidobacterium breve, were found to be associated with delayed aging and reduced disease risk, while the enrichment of pathogenic bacteria could increase chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders [5][7]. Predictive Models and Applications - The research team developed predictive models for nine age-related diseases based on identified gut microbes, achieving an average AUC value of 0.832, indicating strong predictive performance [7][10]. - The findings suggest that gut microbiota can causally influence aging indicators by regulating short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, improving gut barrier function, and reducing chronic inflammation [7][8]. Future Directions - The study lays a theoretical foundation for developing targeted interventions against aging by modulating gut microbiota, providing new directions for health management, disease early screening, and personalized interventions [8][9]. - Aisheng Life aims to align its development philosophy with national strategies, promoting the application of longevity research outcomes and expanding the global longevity market [8][9]. Innovations and Patents - Aisheng Life has received national invention patent authorization for a probiotic strain (Lactobacillus A21013 and A21033) that has demonstrated efficacy in extending lifespan, reducing fat, enhancing exercise capacity, and improving stress resistance [12]. - The company has also patented another strain (Lactobacillus A21041) with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which has shown potential in extending lifespan and reducing fat, indicating high practical value for developing longevity products [13][16].

Core Viewpoint - The study highlights that cohabitation can reshape gut microbiota, specifically increasing the presence of Rikenella microfusus, which mitigates acute liver injury (ALI) and provides new scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of ALI [2][3][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - Cohabitation leads to an increase in Rikenella microfusus, which reduces the severity of acute liver injury [5][7]. - Rikenella microfusus secretes β-galactosidase, enhancing the absorption of dietary isoflavone Bio-A, which plays a crucial role in liver protection [4][5]. - Bio-A interacts with pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and propionyl-CoA carboxylase α subunit (PCCA), boosting the tricarboxylic acid cycle and promoting the synthesis of protective glutathione in liver cells [4][5]. Group 2: Implications - The findings underscore the impact of microbiome composition on acute liver injury and the ability of isoflavone absorption to alleviate the severity of ALI [7]. - The research suggests a new connection between social behavior and health, indicating that regulating gut microbiota or supplementing specific metabolites could be a novel strategy for preventing and treating acute liver injury [7].