佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心39B发射台，阿尔忒弥斯2号的太空发射系统火箭和猎户座飞船整装待发。 IC Photo 【文/观察者网 柳白】美国国家航空航天局（NASA）当地时间2月20日确认，在完成火箭系统的关键演 练后，计划最早于3月6日实施"阿尔忒弥斯2号"载人绕月飞行任务。这是50多年来美国首次将人类送往 月球附近。 据美国"空间政策在线"（spacepolicyonline）报道，"阿尔忒弥斯2号"任务将由4名宇航员执行为期10天的 飞行：火箭将从佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心发射，绕月球背面飞行后返回地球，为未来载人登月铺平道 路。 20日下午，4名计划执行任务的宇航员已开始14天的发射前隔离期，以最大程度减少疾病风险。 不过，这一发射日期目前仍属于暂定性质，需待分析和审查最近成功完成的第二次关键测试产生的数 据，以及考虑当时的天气条件等因素，才能最终敲定。 "每晚我抬头望向月亮，都会无比激动，我能感觉到它在召唤我们，而我们已经准备好了。"NASA探索 系统发展任务理事会代理副局长洛丽・格雷兹20日在新闻发布会上说，"人们对阿尔忒弥斯2号的期待真 的越来越强烈，我们都能真切感受到，它就要来了。" NASA同时 ...

被美国寄予厚望的阿尔忒弥斯2号载人绕月飞行任务原定于2月6日发射，但由于天气因素，这一计划被迫推迟至2月8日。然而，随着2月2日湿式彩排的进 行，情况出现了不小的波折。在这次彩排中，工作人员为太空发射系统（SLS）火箭加注推进剂并模拟发射倒计时，然而在推进剂加注的过程中，意外发 生了——推进剂泄漏了。面对这一突发状况，NASA不得不宣布暂停原定的载人绕月飞行任务，将其推迟至3月。 尽管阿尔忒弥斯1号的任务最终顺利发射，但从当时的情形来看，这个问题显然并未得到彻底解决。而今，阿尔忒弥斯2号任务将搭载四名宇航员前往月球 轨道，相比于不载人的阿尔忒弥斯1号，这一次的风险和责任无疑大大加重。因此，NASA决定在问题彻底解决之前，绝不冒险发射。毕竟，四名宇航员 的生命安全不能容忍任何疏漏。 尽管NASA宣布将任务推迟至3月，但仍然不排除进一步推迟的可能性。回顾2022年阿尔忒弥斯1号的准备阶段，火箭燃料泄漏问题也曾让任务推迟了超过 6个月。阿尔忒弥斯2号任务比阿尔忒弥斯1号更加复杂，涉及到更多的技术环节与人员配备，因此，解决现有问题的时间压力可想而知。 目前，NASA的时间窗口是2月至4月，若继续拖延，可能会错失这个关 ...

Core Points - NASA is making significant progress in its Artemis lunar program, with the upcoming Artemis 2 mission set to be the first crewed lunar flyby in over 50 years [1][4] - The Artemis 2 mission will involve four astronauts, including three from the U.S. and one from Canada, who will test the performance of the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and the Orion spacecraft [1][4] - The mission aims to prepare for future lunar landings and long-duration space missions by verifying critical life support systems [4][5] Group 1: Mission Details - The Artemis 2 mission is scheduled for a 10-day journey, during which astronauts will perform system checks and manual control exercises [5] - The SLS rocket, standing at 322 feet (98 meters), has been transported to the launch pad, and a fuel loading test is crucial for determining the launch timeline [3][4] - If the fuel test is successful, NASA aims to attempt a launch within a week, with February 8 being the earliest possible launch date [3][4] Group 2: Global Lunar Exploration Competition - A new global lunar exploration race has begun, with the U.S. aiming to return to the Moon by 2028 and establish a permanent lunar outpost by 2030 [6] - China is also advancing its lunar exploration program, with plans for multiple missions, including sample collection and resource exploration [6] - The competition is not just about exploration but also involves strategic resource acquisition, including potential lunar resources like water ice and helium-3 [7][9] Group 3: Strategic Importance of Lunar Exploration - Lunar exploration is seen as strategically significant for future deep space exploration and economic development on Earth [7] - The Moon's south pole is believed to contain water ice, which is essential for sustaining life and can be used as rocket fuel [7] - The Moon is also rich in minerals and resources that could reshape energy and industrial landscapes on Earth, including helium-3 for clean nuclear fusion [7][9]

Core Viewpoint - NASA is conducting a critical two-day countdown simulation to prepare for fuel loading of its new lunar rocket, which will determine when four astronauts can embark on a lunar flyby [1][2]. Group 1: Rocket Details - The Space Launch System (SLS) rocket stands at 322 feet (98 meters) and was transported to the launch pad two weeks prior [2]. - If the fuel loading test is successful, NASA aims to attempt a launch within a week, with February 8 being the earliest possible launch date [2]. Group 2: Astronauts and Mission - Commander Reid Wiseman and his crew are currently in isolation and will be the first humans to travel to the Moon since 1972 [1]. - The crew will monitor the countdown simulation from the Houston base and will travel to Kennedy Space Center once the rocket receives launch clearance [1].

Core Viewpoint - NASA is conducting a critical two-day countdown simulation for its new lunar rocket, which will determine when four astronauts can embark on a mission to orbit the Moon, marking the first human lunar flight since 1972 [1] Group 1: Mission Preparation - The countdown simulation involves preparing for fuel loading of the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket, which stands 322 feet (98 meters) tall [1] - The astronauts, led by Commander Reid Wiseman, are currently in isolation and will monitor the rehearsal from the Houston base before traveling to the Kennedy Space Center for the launch [1] Group 2: Fuel Loading and Launch Timeline - Over 700,000 gallons of super-cooled fuel will be injected into the rocket's fuel tank, with the loading stopping 30 seconds before engine ignition [1] - A recent cold weather event delayed the fuel loading demonstration and launch by two days, with February 8 being the earliest possible launch date [1]

同时，新款宇航服的重量比"阿波罗"登月宇航服轻了约9公斤，即便是在月球较低的重力环境下，宇航 员依然能明显察觉负担减轻。这套新型宇航服可支持长达8小时的月球表面活动，也长于"阿波罗"宇航 服的续航时间（4-7小时）。AxEMU宇航服续航时间的延长得益于新型背包的生命维持系统，该系统改 进了冷却和空气供应系统，以及食物和水的输送系统。其他重要改进还包括该宇航服能承受月球南极的 极端温度，同时还能保护宇航员免受磨蚀性月壤的伤害。 本报特约记者 魏云峰 "公理太空"公司展示"能劈叉"的新一代登月宇航服。 美国国家航空航天局（NASA）官网26日宣布，"阿尔忒弥斯2"号绕月任务正在紧锣密鼓的准备中，包 括"太空发射系统"（SLS）火箭、"猎户座"飞船的测试工作进展顺利，关键的"湿式彩排"最早可能在1月 31日进行。按照当前的计划，"阿尔忒弥斯2"号任务最早将于2月6日启动。 与此同时，负责研制下一代登月宇航服的美国"公理太空"（Axiom Space）公司也发布了最新视频，展 示为"阿尔忒弥斯3"号登月任务准备的AxEMU宇航服。 美国"趣味工程"网站称，NASA计划最早于2027年展开"阿尔忒弥斯3"号任务，将时隔 ...

Group 1 - NASA is preparing for the "Artemis 2" lunar mission, with successful testing of the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and Orion spacecraft, and a key "wet dress rehearsal" possibly scheduled for January 31, with the mission launch planned for February 6 [1] - Axiom Space is developing the next-generation lunar spacesuit, AxEMU, for the "Artemis 3" mission, which aims to land astronauts on the Moon for the first time in over 50 years, with a target launch date as early as 2027 [3] - The AxEMU spacesuit features significant improvements over the Apollo A7L suit, including enhanced mobility, allowing astronauts to perform actions like squatting and picking up rocks, which were difficult in the older suits [3] Group 2 - The new AxEMU spacesuit is approximately 9 kilograms lighter than the Apollo suits, making it easier for astronauts to operate in the Moon's lower gravity [4] - The AxEMU suit supports up to 8 hours of lunar surface activity, exceeding the 4-7 hour duration of the Apollo suits, due to an improved life support system [4] - Axiom Space emphasizes that the development of these next-generation spacesuits is a significant milestone in reinforcing the United States' leadership in space exploration and enhancing understanding of the Moon and beyond [4]

Core Viewpoint - NASA's new administrator, Jared Isaacman, announced that the U.S. will return to the Moon during Trump's second term, emphasizing the importance of lunar exploration for establishing an "orbital economy" [1][2]. Group 1: Lunar Exploration Opportunities - Isaacman highlighted the potential for scientific, economic, and national security advancements through lunar exploration [2]. - Opportunities on the Moon include building space data centers and related infrastructure, as well as mining "Helium-3," a rare gas embedded in lunar soil that could become a significant fuel for nuclear fusion [5]. - After establishing a "lunar base," NASA plans to invest in nuclear energy and space nuclear propulsion technologies to facilitate deeper space exploration [6]. Group 2: Artemis Program and Future Missions - NASA is collaborating with several contractors, including SpaceX, Blue Origin, and Boeing, on the Artemis lunar program, which aims not only to return to the Moon but also to prepare for future Mars missions [6]. - The initial plan for Artemis 3 was to launch in 2024; however, it has been delayed to 2027, with Artemis 2 pushed to April 2026 [6]. - Isaacman stated that the Artemis 2 mission, which will test the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and the Orion spacecraft with astronauts, is expected to launch soon [6]. Group 3: Technological Advancements - SpaceX and Blue Origin are refining heavy-lift rocket technologies and developing in-orbit cryogenic propellant transfer to enhance rocket reusability [6]. - These advancements are crucial for enabling affordable and frequent travel to the Moon, laying the groundwork for future missions to Mars and beyond [7].

Core Viewpoint - NASA's new administrator, Jared Isaacman, emphasizes the importance of returning to the Moon during Trump's second term, viewing it as a key to unlocking the Moon's potential in science, economy, and national security [4]. Group 1: NASA's Plans and Initiatives - NASA aims to explore opportunities on the Moon, including the construction of space data centers and infrastructure, as well as the potential mining of helium-3, a rare gas embedded in lunar soil that could be crucial for future nuclear fusion energy [6]. - The Artemis program, which involves collaboration with contractors like SpaceX, Blue Origin, and Boeing, is designed not only to return to the Moon but also to prepare for future Mars missions [6]. - The Artemis 3 mission was initially scheduled for 2024 but has been postponed to 2027, with Artemis 2 delayed to April 2026 [6]. Group 2: Technological Developments - SpaceX and Blue Origin are enhancing heavy-lift rocket technologies and developing in-orbit cryogenic propellant transfer to make rockets more reusable [6][7]. - These advancements are expected to enable affordable and frequent travel to the Moon, laying the groundwork for future missions to Mars and beyond [7].

Core Viewpoint - The commercial aerospace sector in the U.S. stock market has experienced a significant sell-off, with major stocks like Sidus Space, Rocket LAB USA, and AST SpaceMobile facing substantial declines due to concerns over high valuations and ongoing shareholder sell-offs [1][2]. Group 1: Stock Performance - On December 26, commercial aerospace stocks saw a collective drop, with Sidus Space down 12.27%, Rocket LAB USA down 8.46%, and AST SpaceMobile down 7.82% [2]. - Sidus Space's stock initially surged over 53% during the day, reaching its highest level since January, before plummeting to close significantly lower [2]. - Year-to-date, AST SpaceMobile and Rocket LAB USA have seen stock price increases of 241% and 177%, respectively, compared to a 17.5% rise in the S&P benchmark index [2]. Group 2: Market Concerns - Analysts have expressed worries about the overvaluation of commercial aerospace stocks, particularly highlighting AST SpaceMobile's high price relative to its financial targets amid repeated launch delays [2]. - Significant shareholder sell-offs have been noted, with Rocket LAB USA reporting that seven major shareholders collectively sold 2.67 million shares in the past three months [2]. Group 3: NASA Developments - NASA's new administrator, Jared Isaacman, announced plans for the U.S. to return to the Moon within three years, emphasizing the importance of lunar exploration for economic and national security [5][6]. - Isaacman highlighted opportunities on the Moon, including the potential for constructing space data centers and mining helium-3, which could be crucial for future nuclear fusion energy [6]. - NASA is collaborating with several contractors, including SpaceX and Blue Origin, on the Artemis lunar program, which aims to prepare for future Mars missions [6][7].