作为主席国，中国将主持大会、引领议题设置，在《公约》框架下发出文物流失国的声音，推动双多边合作，积极参与文化遗产国际治理。"中国 此次当选将有利于构建流失文物追索返还领域的国际新秩序。"霍政欣表示。 近年来，中国在文物追索领域不断取得突破。今年3月1日生效的新文物保护法，首次在法律中明确了对流失境外中国文物的追索权和有关程序， 声明对于因被盗、非法出境等流失境外的文物，保留收回的权利，且该权利不受时效限制。 在国际规则制定方面，中国也积极作为。2014年主导通过的《关于保护和返还非法出境的被盗掘文化财产的敦煌宣言》是中国首次在文物返还领 域主导制定国际性规则；2024年，中国联合18个文物原属国联合发布《青岛建议书》，提出解决历史上流失文物追索返还这一国际性难题的原创 性中国方案，成为文物原属国对西方博物馆关于历史上流失文物返还新政策的首次集体公开回应。 【环球时报报道 记者 李行】联合国教科文组织1970年《关于禁止和防止非法进出口文化财产和非法转让其所有权的方法的公约》（简称《公 约》）第八届缔约国大会近日在巴黎召开，中国首次当选为《公约》缔约国大会主席国。 "此次成功当选，彰显了中国在文物保护和追索等相 ...

Core Viewpoint - The return of the Bullet-Ku silk manuscripts marks a significant achievement in the repatriation of cultural heritage, emphasizing the importance of both material and non-material cultural heritage in understanding ancient Chinese civilization [1][5]. Group 1: Significance of the Return - The Bullet-Ku silk manuscripts, which were lost for 79 years, are crucial for the study of ancient Chinese knowledge systems, including cosmology, nature, and social practices [1]. - The manuscripts are considered the earliest known silk texts in China and are vital for research in various fields such as ancient literature, mythology, and cultural heritage [1][3]. Group 2: Relationship Between Material and Non-Material Heritage - Material and non-material cultural heritage are interdependent; non-material aspects like language and customs exist alongside material forms, enhancing cultural identity [2][3]. - The return of the manuscripts provides tangible evidence for the study and protection of non-material cultural heritage, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of cultural narratives [3][4]. Group 3: Impact on Cultural Heritage Protection - The return facilitates systematic restoration and research, which can lead to breakthroughs in understanding the cultural significance of the manuscripts [4]. - The interplay between material and non-material heritage can enhance the protection and transmission of cultural practices, ensuring that ancient knowledge continues to inform contemporary life [4][5]. Group 4: Future Expectations - The manuscripts' return fills a gap in the cultural heritage landscape, and there are expectations for further research and public engagement with the findings [5]. - There is hope for the return of the first volume of the Bullet-Ku manuscripts, which would further enrich the understanding of Chinese cultural heritage [5].

并非所有文物都面临如此境遇，从整体来看，全社会对文物保护的重视程度正日益提高。日前，流 失海外79年之久的"子弹库帛书"回归祖国。这批被誉为"国之瑰宝"的战国帛书，是迄今发现的中国最早 的帛书和首个典籍意义上的古书，于1942年在长沙出土，1946年非法流失美国。经过多年的外交努力和 学术界持续关注，才得以部分回归。寻回国宝的过程，显示了国家层面对珍贵文物的高度重视和保护决 心。 文物保护不应是少数珍品的荣耀，更应赋予每一处历史遗存的尊严。在快速变化的社会环境中，需 要重新思考博物馆和文保机构的角色定位，建立更具包容性、参与性和创新性的文化遗产保护体系。唯 有如此，才能确保散落民间的历史碎片得到应有的尊重和保护，使其在连接过去与未来、传承文明火种 的使命中发挥应有的作用。毕竟，今天如何对待文物，就决定了后人如何看待我们这一代人的文化自觉 与历史担当。 那么，是什么原因造成了文物保护中如此悬殊的待遇差异？从资金分配来看，虽然中央财政通过国 家文物保护专项资金和对地方的转移支付，支持重点文物保护项目，且省级及以下文物保护单位保护项 目预算占本省一般项目补助总额的比例上限，由15%提高至30%，但经费投入只是文物保 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the historical journey of the precious silk manuscripts, detailing their loss to overseas and the efforts made by individuals and the state to reclaim them. Group 1: Historical Context - The silk manuscripts were unearthed during the Anti-Japanese War and were acquired by antique dealer Cai Jixiang. In June 1946, American intelligence agent Ke Qiang took the manuscripts to the U.S. under the pretext of photographing them [1] - The first volume of the manuscripts was stored at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the U.S., while the second and third volumes were held at Harvard University's Fogg Museum. The first volume was sold in 1964 and later acquired by Dr. Sackler in 1966 [2] Group 2: Efforts for Repatriation - Dr. Sackler, a prominent psychiatrist and art collector, recognized the manuscripts' questionable provenance and expressed a desire to return them to China. His wish was documented in publications around the opening of the Sackler Museum in 1987 [2] - After Dr. Sackler's death in 1987, the first volume remained with the Sackler Foundation, while the second and third volumes were held by the Freer-Sackler Museum, now part of the Smithsonian Institution [2] Group 3: Recent Developments - Professor Li Ling has been researching the silk manuscripts for 45 years and has collaborated with international scholars to trace their history and illicit acquisition [3] - In 2022, a significant policy shift occurred when the Smithsonian Institution announced a policy for returning artifacts obtained through unethical means, leading to the agreement to return the second and third volumes to China [3] - The National Cultural Heritage Administration of China is also working on the return of the first volume, indicating a positive outlook for its repatriation [3]

Core Viewpoint - The return of the "Bullet Library Silk Manuscripts," specifically the second volume "Five Elements Order" and the third volume "Attack and Defense Divination," from the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Asian Art to China marks a significant cultural event, as these manuscripts are the only known silk manuscripts from the Warring States period and hold immense historical and academic value [1][3][19]. Summary by Sections Manuscript Details - The Bullet Library Silk Manuscripts consist of three volumes: the first volume "Four Seasons Order," the second volume "Five Elements Order," and the third volume "Attack and Defense Divination," with the first volume being relatively complete while the latter two are fragments [5][12]. - The second volume "Five Elements Order" includes a "Month Name Chart" and text detailing the seasonal and monthly appropriateness based on the five elements, which divides the year into five segments of 72 days each [8]. - The third volume "Attack and Defense Divination" contains military guidance on siege and defense strategies, with text arranged in a circular format indicating directions and auspicious days for military actions [10]. Historical Context - The manuscripts were excavated from a Warring States Chu tomb in 1942 and have been lost overseas for 79 years before their return [14][16]. - The first volume is still being sought after, as it was sold and has a complex history of ownership, complicating its repatriation [18]. Cultural Significance - The Bullet Library Silk Manuscripts are approximately 2,300 years old and represent a crucial part of Chinese intellectual and cultural heritage, reflecting ancient philosophical thoughts and practices [19].

"子弹库帛书"分三卷，字数超过900字，是我国发现的首个典籍意义上的古书，对于中国古文字、古文献研究 以及中国学术史、思想史研究都是不可忽视的源头，价值巨大、无可替代。 1942年，帛书在长沙子弹库一座楚墓中被盗掘出土，因此称为"子弹库帛书"，它是目前已知唯一的战国帛书， 也是迄今发现的中国最早的帛书。被盗掘出土后几经辗转，于1946年非法流失美国。 流失海外79年，今天，这批国之瑰宝终于回归祖国。 央视新闻消息，当地时间5月16日，国家文物局在中国驻美国大使馆，成功接收美国史密森尼学会国立亚洲艺 术博物馆返还的"子弹库帛书"第二卷"五行令"和第三卷"攻守占"。两卷内容分别记述四时十二月的宜忌、攻城 守城的宜忌。 来源：央视新闻 责编：刘珺宇 校对： 王锦程 百万用户都在看 美国调整对华加征关税！ 利好突袭！外资，重大转变！ 特朗普，突传大消息！ 利好来袭！芯片、特朗普，突传重磅！ 巴基斯坦，重大突发！ 违法和不良信息举报电话：0755-83514034 邮箱：bwb@stcn.com "子弹库帛书"第二卷《五行令》月名图 "子弹库帛书"第三卷《攻守占》文字 另外，国家文物局表示，将继续推动"子弹库帛书"第一 ...