【#褪黑素只对部分失眠人群有效##褪黑素治疗失眠切勿自行盲目加量#】#车厘子 褪黑素#话题冲上热 搜。褪黑素睡眠片、褪黑素软糖……为了改善自己的睡眠质量，褪黑素一直以来都是热销的助眠产品。 @扬子晚报 记者注意到有不少网友表示，他们感觉褪黑素吃多了好像反而睡不着。东南大学附属中大 医院心理精神科主任、中华医学会心身医学分会主任委员袁勇贵告诉记者，褪黑素治疗失眠针对的人群 有限，失眠患者切勿感觉使用效果不佳而自行盲目加量，及时去医院就诊才是正确的做法。人的一生， 大约1/3的时间都是在睡眠中度过的，好睡眠的重要性不言而喻。追求好睡眠的人们，也养育了一个庞 大的睡眠经济市场。安眠药、褪黑素等药物或保健品成了很多人快速治疗失眠的首选产品。"像褪黑素 类东西，虽然是保健品，但并不适用于所有人，它只对身体里缺少褪黑素的人有用。"袁勇贵在接受采 访时介绍，如果患者只需要一颗（褪黑素）的量，但是却吃了两颗、三颗，很可能就会出现副反应，比 如肝功能损害、恶心、想吐等等。"褪黑素可能只对1/4-1/3失眠的人群有效，而且是针对轻度失眠患 者，如果吃了几次不见效果，一定不要自行盲目加量，要去医院就诊。"除了借助外力，我们可以如何 ...

Core Viewpoint - Melatonin is often perceived as a natural solution for insomnia, but its use carries significant health risks and is not a universal remedy for sleep disorders [2][6]. Group 1: Melatonin and Its Effects - Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland, primarily increasing in production during the evening to promote sleep [4]. - Over-the-counter melatonin supplements are exogenous and act as "rhythm regulators," potentially effective for jet lag but not for insomnia caused by anxiety or other physical conditions [6]. - Long-term use of melatonin can suppress the body's natural production of the hormone, leading to rebound insomnia or dependency upon cessation [8]. Group 2: Risks of Self-Medication - Self-medicating with melatonin or combining it with other sleep aids, such as sedatives, can mask underlying conditions like depression or anxiety, delaying proper diagnosis and treatment [9]. - Anxiety and depression can exacerbate insomnia, and without addressing these root causes, sleep issues may persist, potentially leading to increased reliance on sleep medications [11]. Group 3: Recommendations for Sleep Improvement - For short-term insomnia, mild interventions like certain herbal supplements may be acceptable, but persistent symptoms lasting over two weeks should prompt a visit to a specialist for targeted treatment [12]. - A comprehensive approach to improving sleep includes timely medical consultation, adjustment of sleep habits, regular exercise, balanced diet, and emotional regulation [12][14].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the health risks associated with consuming grapefruit, particularly its interaction with various medications, which can lead to increased drug levels in the bloodstream and potential overdose effects [3][4][5]. Summary by Sections Grapefruit Overview - Grapefruit, known for its rich aroma and refreshing taste, is popular among all age groups and is currently in season [2]. Health Risks - Grapefruit contains a compound called "furanocoumarin," which inhibits the activity of the CYP3A4 enzyme in the liver, essential for metabolizing many medications [4]. - This inhibition can lead to an accumulation of drugs in the bloodstream, resulting in overdose-like symptoms and increased side effects [4][5]. Affected Medications - A variety of medications are affected by grapefruit, including common antihypertensives, antibiotics, pain relievers, and medications for special conditions like cancer and insomnia [8]. - It is noted that over 85 medications are known to interact with grapefruit, with about half of these potentially causing severe adverse reactions [9]. Specific Drug Examples - The article lists several categories of drugs that are significantly impacted by grapefruit, including: - Antihypertensives (e.g., amlodipine, nifedipine) [6] - Cholesterol-lowering drugs (e.g., atorvastatin, simvastatin) [10] - Anticancer medications (e.g., erlotinib, lapatinib) [10] - Pain medications (e.g., oxycodone, fentanyl) [11] Recommendations - It is advised to avoid grapefruit entirely during medication use, as even consuming it hours apart does not mitigate the risk due to the prolonged enzyme inhibition [13][14]. - Grapefruit-flavored products, such as drinks or jams, should also be avoided if they contain grapefruit extract [15]. - Other citrus fruits like oranges and lemons also contain furanocoumarin but in lower amounts, thus should be consumed with caution [16][18].

Group 1 - Sleep is essential for survival and has several important functions, including promoting growth and development, restoring energy, clearing metabolic waste, and maintaining cognitive function [2][4][5] - Sleep is crucial for immune function, as insufficient sleep can lead to increased susceptibility to illness [5] - Continuous and deep sleep is necessary for cognitive health; fragmented sleep can lead to rapid cognitive decline [8][10] Group 2 - Individuals have different sleep needs based on their unique characteristics; understanding one's own sleep requirements is important for optimal functioning [11][13] - Insomnia is a common issue, with symptoms ranging from occasional sleeplessness to chronic insomnia disorders, which can significantly impact daily functioning [12][23] - Sleep quality can be affected by various factors, including lifestyle habits, age, and underlying health conditions [16][19][22] Group 3 - Sleep duration and quality are linked to overall health; both excessive and insufficient sleep can increase mortality risk and other health issues [19][18] - The importance of maintaining a regular sleep schedule and healthy lifestyle habits, including diet and exercise, is emphasized for better sleep quality [53][54] - Various methods, such as cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI), can be effective in treating sleep disorders [44][45]

Group 1 - A 3.9 magnitude earthquake occurred in Chengdu, Sichuan on June 1 at 16:02, with a depth of 12 kilometers [1] - The earthquake was felt significantly in the urban area of Chengdu, trending on social media [2] - Residents reported noticeable shaking of furniture, indicating the intensity of the tremor [3] Group 2 - Additionally, a 3.3 magnitude earthquake was recorded in Wenchuan, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan on June 1 at 05:29, with a depth of 18 kilometers [5]

Group 1 - China has implemented a visa-free policy for ordinary passport holders from Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Peru, and Uruguay, effective from today [1] - The visa-free entry allows individuals from these countries to visit China for business, tourism, family visits, exchanges, and transit for up to 30 days [1] - This marks the first expansion of China's visa-free policy to countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, increasing the total number of countries eligible for this policy to 43 [1]