大家都知道"吃头孢不能喝酒" 但许多人并不知道这背后的原理 其实除了头孢以外 喝酒还会放大多种药物的副作用 后果可能很严重 小酌怡情，喝多伤身 如果非想喝点酒 这些要点千万别忘记 吃了这几种药 千万别喝酒 1 抗菌药物（头孢类等） 大部分头孢类药物都含有类似双硫仑化学结构的甲硫四氮唑基团，若在服药前后饮酒，可能会导致双硫仑样反应，出现面部潮红、结膜充血、视物模糊、头 颈部血管剧烈搏动或搏动性头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐、呼吸困难、惊厥，甚至死亡等。 除此之外，还有很多抗菌药物都和酒是"世仇"，例如： 喹诺酮类：左氧氟沙星、莫西沙星、诺氟沙星；大环内酯类：琥乙红霉素、红霉素。 硝基咪唑类：甲硝唑、替硝唑。 硝基呋喃类：呋喃妥因、呋喃唑酮、硝呋太尔。 抗真菌类：酮康唑、灰黄霉素。 抗结核类：异烟肼。 磺胺类：复方磺胺甲噁唑。 2 非甾体抗炎药 例如：解热和镇痛的对乙酰氨基酚、布洛芬、阿司匹林等。 这类药若遇上酒精，可能增加肝毒性，引起胃黏膜病变，或胃溃疡复发，增加上消化道出血风险。 酒精会加速这类药物的吸收速度，同时降低代谢速度，再加上酒精对中枢神经系统有抑制作用，可能会加强镇静催眠药的作用，引发严重后果。 5 降压药 ...

Core Viewpoint - The discussion highlights the risks associated with using expired medications, emphasizing that both Western and traditional Chinese medicines can pose health hazards when past their expiration dates [1][3][4]. Group 1: Risks of Expired Medications - Expired medications can lose their efficacy and may even lead to adverse health effects, particularly for chronic disease patients [1][2]. - Certain medications, like antibiotics, may become ineffective or harmful after expiration, potentially worsening health conditions [1][2]. - The chemical breakdown of some drugs can produce harmful substances, such as aspirin degrading into salicylic acid, which can irritate the gastrointestinal tract [2]. Group 2: Risks of Expired Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) - Expired TCM can also pose health risks, as the complex components may generate unknown harmful substances [3]. - The notion that some TCMs improve with age is misleading; most do not benefit from long-term storage and can lose potency or become unsafe [3][4]. - The Chinese regulatory body has mandated that TCM products must display expiration dates starting from August 2025 to ensure safety and efficacy [3]. Group 3: Proper Disposal and Management of Medications - It is recommended to categorize expired medications for disposal, with specific guidelines for solid, liquid, and injectable forms [5][6]. - Regular cleaning of medicine cabinets every 3-6 months is advised to remove expired products and maintain an updated inventory [7]. - Proper storage conditions for medications are crucial, requiring a dry and light-protected environment [8].

来源：人民日报健康客户端 春节聚会，推杯换盏、把酒言欢——热闹是真的，但身体在"悄悄加班"也是真的。你以为酒精只是伤 胃？错。医生警告：酒精的伤害，远比你想的更可怕。肝脏、心脏、大脑、血管……一杯酒下去，全身 都在替你扛。 今天这篇文章，并非劝你一定要戒酒，而是劝你再别用错方式饮酒，这6种喝法太伤身。 这6种喝酒方式，危害翻倍 各种酒混在一起喝，首先就会让我们不自觉地饮酒过量。而且，两种以上的酒混着喝还会表现出某 种"协同作用"，对人体伤害更大。长沙市中心医院重症医学科主任医师杨勇2024年在医院微信公众号刊 文介绍，不同种类的酒精饮品混合饮用会加速酒精的吸收，增加肝脏和胃肠的负担，从而显著提高急性 酒精中毒的风险。② 1. 服药期间喝酒 正在服用药物的人可千万不能因为"兴致"，而忽视了酒与药同服的危害。中南大学湘雅二医院药学部主 管药师席洋2023年在医院微信公众号刊文提醒，若服用与酒精有相互作用的药物，应停药后至少间隔7 天再饮酒。老年人、肝肾功能不全等特殊人群间隔时间应延长。此外，喝酒后建议在3天内避免服用与 酒精有相互作用的药物。① 除了头孢不能与酒同时服用，还有其他一些药物服药期间也不能饮酒： 镇静 ...

Group 1 - The article highlights the ongoing efforts of the local market regulatory authorities in Huzhou to enhance drug safety governance and protect public health, with a focus on rigorous inspections of pharmacies and clinics as the Spring Festival approaches [1] - Huzhou has achieved a public satisfaction rate of 92% regarding drug safety, ranking second in the province for three consecutive years, reflecting the effectiveness of its regulatory measures [1] - The regulatory framework includes a comprehensive mechanism for monitoring, early warning, and feedback, emphasizing proactive problem-solving rather than reactive penalties [1] Group 2 - A portable eye pressure meter developed in Huzhou received certification in just 43 days, setting a record for the fastest approval in the province, thanks to improved collaboration between local regulatory bodies and higher authorities [2] - The market regulatory department plans to enhance risk prevention mechanisms and focus on the governance of small businesses while prioritizing key industries like biomedicine to optimize the business environment [2] - Continuous efforts will be made to solidify the foundation for drug safety and high-quality industrial development in the region [2]

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of maintaining stable blood pressure for elderly individuals during the festive season, providing a "Spring Festival Blood Pressure Health Action Checklist" that covers medication, diet, daily routines, and outings [1] Group 2 - It highlights the necessity of regular medication intake, suggesting the use of a "holiday-specific pillbox" to help elderly individuals remember their doses, and advises against doubling doses if missed [2] Group 3 - The dietary recommendations include reducing salt intake by using alternative flavor enhancers and being cautious of "hidden salt" in processed foods [4][5] - It suggests a "red-yellow-green" nutritional balance, encouraging the consumption of dark green vegetables, yellow foods rich in fiber, and lean meats while controlling fat intake [6][7] - The article warns against drinking grapefruit juice while on certain blood pressure medications due to potential adverse effects and recommends alternatives like orange or apple juice [8][9] Group 4 - Recommendations for ensuring quality sleep include going to bed before 10 PM, maintaining a sleep duration of 7-8 hours, and engaging in relaxing activities before sleep [10] - It advises a gradual waking process to prevent orthostatic hypotension, particularly for elderly individuals prone to blood pressure fluctuations in the morning [11]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of maintaining consistent medication for blood pressure management, especially during the Spring Festival when lifestyle changes can lead to fluctuations in blood pressure [1][2]. Group 1: Medication Management - Discontinuing blood pressure medication during the Spring Festival due to cultural beliefs or assumptions about weather effects can lead to serious health risks, particularly for the elderly [1]. - Irregular use or abrupt cessation of blood pressure medication can cause dangerous fluctuations, which are more harmful than sustained high blood pressure [1]. Group 2: Monitoring and Recommendations - It is advised to monitor blood pressure regularly during the Spring season, especially for patients with unstable blood pressure or recent medication adjustments [2]. - Patients should measure their blood pressure twice daily and seek medical advice for any discomfort, ensuring that medication adjustments are made under a doctor's guidance [2]. Group 3: Preparedness for Travel - Individuals traveling during the Spring Festival should ensure they have an adequate supply of their medications and keep relevant prescriptions or information accessible [2].

Group 1 - The National Health Commission emphasizes the importance of not discontinuing medication for chronic disease patients during the Spring Festival, as this can lead to severe cardiovascular events [2] - Common misconceptions include the belief that warmer weather will lower blood pressure, which is misleading; blood pressure can still fluctuate significantly during this period [2][3] - It is recommended that individuals monitor their blood pressure regularly, especially those with unstable readings or recent medication adjustments, to avoid complications [3] Group 2 - During the Spring Festival, personal protective measures are crucial to reduce the risk of disease transmission, especially in crowded places [4] - Recommendations include maintaining hand hygiene, ensuring food safety during gatherings, and being cautious about dietary changes when traveling [4] - Travelers should prepare adequately by understanding local health guidelines and ensuring proper vaccination before departure [4][5] Group 3 - Post-meal abdominal pain should not be ignored, and symptoms should be assessed to determine if immediate medical attention is necessary [6][7] - Common causes of abdominal pain after gatherings include indigestion and gastrointestinal issues, with specific treatments suggested based on symptoms [7] - High-risk individuals, such as those with gallstones or high triglycerides, should be particularly cautious during festive eating and drinking [8]

Group 1 - A 30-year-old man in Nanjing experienced severe health complications after consuming alcohol while taking Metronidazole, leading to liver failure [1] - The patient was admitted with altered consciousness and strong alcohol odor, and after treatment, he developed hepatic encephalopathy, failing to recognize even his parents [1] - Medical staff managed to stabilize the patient after five days of intensive care, and he has since recovered and been discharged [1] Group 2 - Doctors warn against the dangerous combination of alcohol with certain medications, including Metronidazole and other drugs like hypoglycemics, antihypertensives, sedatives, and sleeping pills [1] - The principle of "do not drink alcohol while taking medication and do not take medication while drinking alcohol" is emphasized as a basic safety guideline [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that the real threat to kidney health is uncontrolled hypertension, not the long-term use of antihypertensive medications [1][3]. Group 1: Relationship Between Antihypertensive Drugs and Kidney Health - Antihypertensive medications do not damage the kidneys; rather, uncontrolled high blood pressure is the primary cause of kidney deterioration [3]. - High blood pressure exerts continuous pressure on the kidney's filtration system, leading to gradual damage and potential kidney failure [3]. - Proper blood pressure control through medication acts as a protective measure for the kidneys, reducing the risk of damage from high blood pressure [3][4]. Group 2: Risks of Not Using Antihypertensive Medications - The risk of developing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is 1.85 times higher for individuals with poorly controlled blood pressure compared to those with well-controlled levels [5]. - Patients with uncontrolled hypertension experience a 35% increase in hospitalization rates and a 12% increase in outpatient visits [5]. - The economic burden on families increases significantly for patients with uncontrolled hypertension, especially those with concurrent kidney disease [5]. Group 3: Importance of Blood Pressure Control - Effective blood pressure management is crucial for kidney protection, but excessively low blood pressure can also pose risks, particularly for the elderly [6]. - The recommended systolic blood pressure for individuals over 65 should not fall below 120 mmHg, with a target range of 130-139 mmHg being safer [6]. - The focus should be on achieving optimal blood pressure control rather than simply lowering it excessively [6][7].

Group 1 - A man in his 30s in Nanjing, Jiangsu, experienced liver failure after consuming metronidazole and alcohol, leading to a five-day hospitalization before stabilizing [1] - Medical professionals emphasize the dangers of combining metronidazole and alcohol, similar to the known risks of alcohol with cephalosporins [1] - The principle of "no alcohol with medication" is reiterated, highlighting that various medications, including antidiabetics, antihypertensives, sedatives, and sleeping pills, should not be mixed with alcohol [1]