Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the health risks associated with expired medications, highlighting misconceptions about their safety and efficacy, particularly regarding both Western and traditional Chinese medicines [1][2][3]. Group 1: Misconceptions about Expired Medications - There is a prevalent belief that expired medications are safe to consume if they have not visibly changed, which is incorrect [1]. - Some individuals think that Western medicines have expiration dates while traditional Chinese medicines do not, which is misleading [1][3]. Group 2: Health Risks of Expired Medications - Expired medications can not only lose their effectiveness but may also undergo chemical changes that produce harmful substances [2]. - For instance, expired antibiotics may lose their ability to combat infections, potentially worsening health conditions [2]. - Certain medications, like aspirin, can decompose into harmful compounds that may cause gastrointestinal issues [2]. Group 3: Regulations and Storage of Traditional Chinese Medicine - The National Medical Products Administration has mandated that traditional Chinese medicine products must display expiration dates starting August 1, 2025, to ensure safety and efficacy [3]. - Proper storage of traditional Chinese medicines is crucial, as improper conditions can lead to spoilage and loss of effectiveness [3][8]. Group 4: Importance of Proper Storage - Effective storage conditions are essential for maintaining the safety and efficacy of medications, with specific temperature and humidity requirements [7]. - Medications should be stored according to their instructions, and opened products should be used within a specified timeframe to avoid contamination [6][7]. Group 5: Recommendations for Home Medicine Management - Regularly cleaning out home medicine cabinets and disposing of expired or spoiled medications is advised [8]. - Traditional Chinese medicines should be categorized and stored appropriately to prevent moisture and pest damage [8].

抗生素≠消炎药，也不是万能药 吃错了反而会致病 嗓子疼就吃抗生素？ 别盲目用药！ 近期，浙江省宁波市北仑区第二人民医院接诊了一个病例，36岁的张先生自述"喉咙痛一个月，吃了头孢、阿奇霉素，却不见效。" 医院耳鼻喉科主任邬忠伟给张先生做检查时，发现他整个咽后壁白茫茫一片，像铺了一层"雪花"。 最终，张先生被确诊为真菌性咽喉炎——罪魁祸首不是细菌，而是白念珠菌。 用药不当 真菌"乘虚而入" 不少人生病后的第一反应 是来点"消炎药" 阿莫西林、头孢、罗红霉素…… 只想尽快把症状消掉 张先生表示，平日里只要感冒、牙疼、胃痛，就会到药店买点头孢或阿奇霉素，两粒见效。久而久之，抗生素成了他的"随身药"。 这次喉咙痛，他照例自行服药，结果"炎"没消，反而长出一片片擦不掉的"白膜"。 医生解释，抗生素虽然能杀灭致病菌，但是它也会不分青红皂白地把口腔里的"好菌"和"坏菌"一起杀光，白念珠菌就有机会"乘虚而入"。加上熬 夜、压力大，免疫力下降，继而引发真菌性咽喉炎。 △图源：宁波市北仑区第二人民医院 在医生的指导下，张先生立即停用抗生素，同时服用抗真菌药，很快症状得到改善。 细菌还是病毒？ 用错药有风险！ 医生表示，在医院门诊遇 ...

东莞证券指出，近期生猪价格回落，头均盈利持续亏损，有望倒逼能繁母猪产能去化，目前存栏仍处高 位，未来仍有较大去化空间。白羽肉鸡价格略有回升，关注养殖龙头盈利边际改善机会。种业方面，农 业农村部提出加快实现种业科技自立自强、种源自主可控。 太平洋证券指出，养殖业面临多重压力：生猪行业持续亏损，产能去化动力增强，能繁母猪存栏较去年 末高点减少37万头，自繁自养头均亏损114元，叠加非瘟疫情风险上升和政策引导减产能，行业去化加 速。白鸡方面，毛鸡价格低位震荡，祖代存栏处历史高位，但预计明年年中供给减少将带动价格反弹； 黄鸡受益消费旺季，产能低位支撑价格高位。动保行业景气回升，抗生素价格保持高位，国产疫苗增长 显著。 11月21日，截至9时54分，农牧渔ETF（159275）逆市上攻，场内价格现涨0.4%，成交额为143万元。 成份股方面，荃银高科20CM涨停，神农种业和中水渔业亦表现强势。另一方面，华英农业、益客食品 和冠农股份表现较弱。 消息面上，2025年11月14日行业数据显示生猪价格回落至11.74元/公斤，养殖利润持续承压，或加速上 游产能去化；同期白羽肉鸡价格回升至7.12元/公斤，养殖龙头盈利边际改善 ...

鼻病毒进入人体呼吸道后，会迅速附着在鼻黏膜上皮细胞上并大量复制，破坏细胞正常功能，引发 免疫系统的防御反应，导致鼻黏膜充血水肿、分泌物增多，进而出现鼻塞、流涕、打喷嚏等症状。 全国急性呼吸道传染病哨点监测情况显示，10月20日—10月26日，哨点医院门急诊流感样病例呼吸 道样本检测阳性率前三位病原体中，鼻病毒排在第一位。 公丕花说："很多人都会把鼻病毒感冒当成流感。"那么，鼻病毒感冒和流感有什么区别？ 公丕花解释，鼻病毒感冒症状以鼻塞、流鼻涕、打喷嚏为主；患者基本不发烧或只发低烧，不像流 感那样会突然高烧到39℃以上；一般5—7天就能康复，很少会发展成肺炎。 相较而言，流感的症状则为头痛、骨头疼、没力气，鼻子症状反而不明显；患者几乎都会高烧，发 烧时间会持续3—5天甚至更久；一般7—10天才能恢复，且恢复后可能还会有乏力症状。 秋冬季节出现打喷嚏、流鼻涕等症状时，很多人会以为是流感，其实还有可能是鼻病毒感冒。 北京大学人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科副主任医师公丕花介绍，鼻病毒感冒是鼻病毒感染人体后引 发的一系列呼吸道症状综合征。 患了鼻病毒感冒在用药上有哪些注意事项？ "一是鼻病毒没有特效药，奥司他韦对它无效。二 ...

新华社音视频部制作 责编：秦雅楠、王珊宁 作者：徐伟 马晓媛 许新园 0:00 患上流感很难受，很多人会在家自行服药，但用药不能盲目。专家提醒，抗生素不能乱吃，两种常用的 抗流感药物也有不同的使用方法。 ...

Core Viewpoint - Algeria's government is enhancing its pharmaceutical industry by establishing new production facilities in the southern provinces to achieve self-sufficiency and ensure national drug supply [1] Group 1: New Production Facilities - The state-owned pharmaceutical group Saidal will build new drug production plants in the southern provinces of Ouled Djellal, Ouargla, and Tamanrasset [1] - The new factories aim to decentralize production and better meet regional demands while strengthening industrial development in the south [1] Group 2: Economic and Employment Impact - The initiative is expected to create job opportunities and promote economic development in the inland and southern provinces [1] - Collaboration with the Algerian Investment Promotion Agency will support the development of pharmaceutical projects utilizing local land resources [1] Group 3: Local Production Goals - Plans include the local production of key pharmaceutical raw materials, covering diabetes medications, cancer drugs, heart disease treatments, and antibiotics [1] - Some strategic projects are anticipated to commence production by the end of 2026, with local production of dental anesthetics starting next year to address supply shortages [1] Group 4: Overall Objectives - The overarching goals are to enhance the autonomy of the pharmaceutical industry, reduce reliance on imports, ensure drug supply, and promote balanced economic development across regions [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the health risks associated with consuming grapefruit, particularly its interaction with various medications, which can lead to increased drug levels in the bloodstream and potential overdose effects [3][4][5]. Summary by Sections Grapefruit Overview - Grapefruit, known for its rich aroma and refreshing taste, is popular among all age groups and is currently in season [2]. Health Risks - Grapefruit contains a compound called "furanocoumarin," which inhibits the activity of the CYP3A4 enzyme in the liver, essential for metabolizing many medications [4]. - This inhibition can lead to an accumulation of drugs in the bloodstream, resulting in overdose-like symptoms and increased side effects [4][5]. Affected Medications - A variety of medications are affected by grapefruit, including common antihypertensives, antibiotics, pain relievers, and medications for special conditions like cancer and insomnia [8]. - It is noted that over 85 medications are known to interact with grapefruit, with about half of these potentially causing severe adverse reactions [9]. Specific Drug Examples - The article lists several categories of drugs that are significantly impacted by grapefruit, including: - Antihypertensives (e.g., amlodipine, nifedipine) [6] - Cholesterol-lowering drugs (e.g., atorvastatin, simvastatin) [10] - Anticancer medications (e.g., erlotinib, lapatinib) [10] - Pain medications (e.g., oxycodone, fentanyl) [11] Recommendations - It is advised to avoid grapefruit entirely during medication use, as even consuming it hours apart does not mitigate the risk due to the prolonged enzyme inhibition [13][14]. - Grapefruit-flavored products, such as drinks or jams, should also be avoided if they contain grapefruit extract [15]. - Other citrus fruits like oranges and lemons also contain furanocoumarin but in lower amounts, thus should be consumed with caution [16][18].

Core Insights - The recent monitoring report from the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention indicates a rising positive detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in southern provinces, particularly among children aged 0-4 years [1][2] Group 1: Current Situation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus - Experts state that RSV has entered an epidemic phase in southern China, occurring earlier than in previous years [2] - In hospitalized pneumonia cases, RSV accounts for approximately 30% of nucleic acid tests, indicating a significant prevalence [2] Group 2: Other Respiratory Pathogens - Alongside RSV, other common respiratory pathogens include Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae, each presenting different symptoms and requiring careful differentiation for effective treatment [3] - RSV poses a high risk of severe respiratory illness in infants, particularly those under two years old, with symptoms that may progress rapidly [3] Group 3: Treatment Approaches - There are no specific antiviral medications for viral pneumonia caused by RSV; management focuses on monitoring for complications and organ function [4] - Antibiotics are not a universal solution; inappropriate use can lead to antibiotic resistance and delay proper treatment [3][4] Group 4: Pediatric Medication Guidelines - Experts emphasize that children are not "small adults," and medication should be used cautiously to avoid potential liver and kidney damage [5] - It is advised to avoid using cough suppressants, as coughing serves a vital role in clearing respiratory secretions [7] Group 5: Misconceptions in Respiratory Disease Prevention - Common misconceptions include the effectiveness of vitamin C and home remedies like vinegar fumigation, which may not provide the intended protective effects and could harm sensitive respiratory systems in infants [8][9]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the shift in pharmaceutical production dominance from Germany to Asian countries, particularly China and India, with significant implications for the global pharmaceutical supply chain [1][2] Group 2 - A study commissioned by Pro Generika reveals that 68% of key active pharmaceutical ingredients in the European market are sourced from Asia, with China supplying 24% and India 37% [1] - In the antibiotic sector, 47% of global production bases are located in China, while India accounts for 27%, and Europe only 23% [1] - The chairman of the German Pharmacists Association expressed concern over Germany's reliance on China for critical drug supplies, indicating a "huge dependency" [1] Group 3 - The European Union is facing a drug shortage crisis, with approximately 540 drugs listed as in short supply by the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices [2] - A report from the European Court of Auditors points to the "fragile" nature of the EU's pharmaceutical supply chain and the "fragmented" internal market as root causes of the drug shortages [2] - The European Commission has announced plans to reduce dependency on countries like China and India for pharmaceuticals, but officials warn that this task is challenging due to cost pressures [2]

近日，美国参议院85名议员达成一致，筹划对中国征收高达500%的关税。他们声称这是回应中国购买俄罗斯石油的"惩罚措施"。这种极端的做法不仅让人 瞠目结舌，更显露出美国在国际经济博弈中的不安与焦虑。当权者似乎已经意识到，在全球经济的棋局中，自己所掌握的筹码并未如想象中那么丰富。 就在这个关键时刻，中国突然宣布对稀土出口实施管制，这让美国更加火急火燎。在特朗普眼中，展现强硬立场是至关重要的，因此他立刻反击，决定从11 月开始对中国商品加征100%的关税。没想到的是，这一系列举措却揭示出了美国自身在高度依赖中国供应链的尴尬处境。 根据《纽约时报》的报道，美国市场中近700种获批药品的生产都依赖中国的化学原料，尤其是在抗生素领域，甚至高达62.6%的原材料来自中国。这一切 都让美国的医药行业深陷危机之中。如果说征收500%关税的目的在于制裁中国，那么最终遭殃的将是美国民众的健康和安全。 俄罗斯外长近期的表态更是给美国的战略构想以重创，他保证俄罗斯绝不会背叛中国，表明两国之间的关系已被写入宪法。这一声明不仅是对中俄关系的坚 定支持，也是一种对美方霸权行为的公然反击。 而美国试图通过与印度的合作来削弱中国影响力的做法，亦 ...