Core Points - The Guangdong Province has passed the "Regulations on Promoting Meteorological Cooperation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area," which will take effect on January 1, 2026, enhancing collaboration in meteorology among the three regions [1] - The regulations focus on the construction of meteorological facilities, forecasting and early warning systems, and technological innovation within the Greater Bay Area [1] Group 1: Meteorological Infrastructure and Data Sharing - The regulations require provincial meteorological authorities to strengthen collaboration with meteorological departments in Hong Kong and Macao for significant weather events, improving forecasting and early warning capabilities [2] - Currently, six automatic weather stations and thirteen lightning detection stations have been established, with a basic X-band phased array radar network in place, although challenges remain in site selection and equipment standardization [2] - Daily data sharing volumes for meteorological data are 22GB for Hong Kong and 16GB for Macao, but issues persist in timely transmission of refined grid products [2] Group 2: Technological Innovation and Services - The regulations support innovation and collaboration in meteorological technology, emphasizing the construction of major innovation platforms, joint research, and talent development [3] - Specific provisions are made for low-altitude and marine economic meteorological services, including the development of monitoring and forecasting technologies for low-altitude flights and marine operations [3] Group 3: Regional Development and Collaboration - The regulations promote the establishment of meteorological navigation centers in Nansha and support the development of meteorological service systems that align with the integrated development of the Greater Bay Area [4] - The regulations encourage the integration of artificial intelligence with meteorological monitoring and forecasting, enhancing disaster prevention and reduction capabilities in collaboration with Hong Kong [4]

Core Insights - The article discusses the unusually long and wet rainy season in North China, which began on July 5, 2023, 13 days earlier than the average start date of July 18, marking the earliest onset since 1961 [1][2] - The average rainfall in the North China monitoring area reached 315.5 mm, which is 131% higher than the normal value of 136.6 mm [2] - The record-breaking rainfall is attributed to multiple factors, including abnormal sea temperatures in the equatorial Pacific, a strong and shifted subtropical high-pressure system, typhoon activity, and geographical influences [3][4] Summary by Sections Rainy Season Characteristics - The rainy season in North China has lasted for 52 days as of August 25, significantly longer than the typical duration of 30 days [1] - The rainy season is characterized by increased rainfall frequency, volume, and humidity, contributing to a notably damp environment [2] Factors Contributing to Abnormal Weather - The subtropical high-pressure system has been stronger and positioned further north than usual, facilitating the transport of warm, moist air from lower latitudes to northern China [3] - Historical data indicates that the combination of typhoons and the subtropical high can lead to extreme rainfall events, as seen with Typhoon "Kanu" and Typhoon "Zhu Jie Cao" [3] Climate Change Implications - The record rainfall in North China is viewed as a local manifestation of global climate system changes, emphasizing the need for improved climate adaptation and response capabilities to address extreme weather challenges [4]

Group 1 - The first typhoon of the year, "Butterfly," is expected to make landfall in the coastal area between Sanya and Dongfang on the morning of June 13, marking it as the first typhoon to land in China this year [1][2] - The average formation date for the first typhoon in the Northwest Pacific and South China Sea is March 25, but this year, "Butterfly" formed on June 11, indicating a significant delay [1][2] - Three main reasons for the late formation of the typhoon include lower than average sea temperatures in the South China Sea, a persistent strong subtropical high in the Western Pacific suppressing tropical convection, and abnormal activity of the tropical convergence zone and monsoon [1] Group 2 - The frequency of typhoons making landfall in Hainan Island in June has been increasing, with only one recorded from 1991 to 2012, compared to three from 2013 to 2020, averaging less than one every three years [2] - Typhoons that land in June are generally weaker, with an average intensity of strong tropical storm level, and the strongest recorded June typhoon reached typhoon level [2] - Since 1949, only one first typhoon, "Raccoon," made landfall in Hainan on April 18, 2008, making "Butterfly" potentially the second recorded first typhoon to land in Hainan Island [2]