Core Viewpoint - NVIDIA is set to launch its AI server, the DGX GB300 NVL72, designed specifically for the AI inference era, featuring high chip computing power and a fully liquid-cooled rack design to meet the increased thermal design power (TDP) requirements [1] Group 1: Liquid Cooling Technology Development - Traditional air cooling solutions are inadequate for AI clusters with cabinet power densities exceeding 20 kW, leading to the adoption of fully liquid-cooled architectures by NVIDIA's OEM/ODM manufacturers [2] - Various liquid cooling solutions exist, including cold plate, immersion, and spray cooling, with cold plate technology being the most mature but having lower cooling efficiency compared to immersion and spray cooling [2] Group 2: Cold Plate Liquid Cooling Components - Cold plate liquid cooling is a mainstream solution for large-scale data center retrofitting, involving components such as the cooling distribution unit (CDU), cold plates, circulation pipelines, quick connectors, and manifolds [3] - The CDU acts as the "heart" of the system, relying on the performance of circulation pumps and heat exchangers [3] - Cold plates capture heat from high-heat components like GPUs, with performance metrics including pressure drop and thermal resistance being critical [3] Group 3: Immersion Liquid Cooling Components - Immersion cooling involves submerging electronic components in an insulating cooling liquid, utilizing the liquid's high heat capacity for efficient heat transfer [5] - Compared to cold plate systems, immersion cooling has a simpler secondary structure and requires careful selection of cooling liquid materials to prevent evaporation and ensure compatibility with data center equipment [6] Group 4: Spray Liquid Cooling Components - Spray cooling utilizes gravity or system pressure to directly spray cooling liquid onto high-heat components, achieving efficient heat capture [7] - Unlike cold plate systems, spray cooling operates without phase change and requires high-boiling, insulating, and oxidation-resistant cooling fluids [8] Group 5: Upstream Directions Worth Noting - Electronic fluorinated liquids are essential for immersion and spray cooling due to their high insulation and stability properties [9] - High-efficiency thermal interface materials (TIM) such as liquid metals are predicted to become mainstream, enhancing cooling performance for high-power CPUs while being compatible with both immersion and cold plate cooling systems [9] Group 6: Relevant Investment Targets in Liquid Cooling - Key players in the liquid cooling supply chain include companies like Invec (002837.SZ), Shenling Environment (301018.SZ), and others [10] - Component suppliers with low domestic production rates, such as Kexin New Source (300731.SZ) and Chuanhuan Technology (300547.SZ), are also noteworthy [10] - Upstream material suppliers like Juhua Co. (600160.SH) and Xinjubang (300037.SZ) are significant in the liquid cooling market [10]

Market Overview - The Shanghai Composite Index rose by 0.03%, while the Shenzhen Component Index fell by 0.15%, and the ChiNext Index decreased by 0.31% [1] - Domestic chip concepts opened higher, with Cambrian Technology rising nearly 4%, while sectors like financial technology and rare earths experienced slight declines [1] Securities Insights - Huaxi Securities noted a market sentiment recovery after a brief fluctuation, with a focus on tracking fund movements, indicating a positive participation willingness from investors [2] - Huatai Securities highlighted a significant increase in new account openings and a shift towards wealth management among brokerages, suggesting a recovery opportunity for firms leading in this transformation [2] - The A-share brokerage index PBLF is at 1.67x, while the H-share brokerage index PBLF is at 1.00x, indicating potential for value reassessment in the sector [2] Commercial Aerospace - Galaxy Securities projected sustained high growth in the commercial aerospace industry, with advancements in reusable rockets and low-cost satellites [3] - The demand for low-altitude economy and space tourism is expected to expand, supported by recent policy measures in Guangdong province [3] Consumer and Commodity Trends - CITIC Construction pointed out the approaching consumption peak season, with rising demand leading to increased prices for rare earths and lithium [4] - The price of lithium carbonate surged due to supply disruptions, while the prices of praseodymium-neodymium and cobalt are also on the rise due to supply constraints [4] AI Server Cooling Technology - Guojin Securities reported that the liquid cooling technology for AI servers is gaining traction, with cold plate liquid cooling being favored for its cost-effectiveness and compatibility with various cooling liquids [5] - The use of high thermal conductivity materials, such as liquid metal TIM, is expected to enhance the cooling performance of cold plate systems, making it a preferred choice for high-end chips [5][6]

Core Viewpoint - NVIDIA is set to release its AI server, the NVIDIA DGX GB300NVL72, designed for the AI inference era, featuring enhanced computing power and a fully liquid-cooled rack design to meet the increasing thermal design power (TDP) requirements [1][2]. Group 1: AI Server Development - The NVIDIA DGX GB300NVL72 server will have a 1.5 times improvement in inference performance compared to the previous model, the DGX GB200 [2]. - The server's high chip computing capability leads to an increase in TDP, necessitating advanced cooling solutions [2]. Group 2: Liquid Cooling Technology - Various liquid cooling solutions exist, including cold plate, immersion, and spray cooling, with high efficiency relying heavily on fluorinated liquid materials [3]. - Liquid cooling can be categorized into indirect and direct cooling, as well as single-phase and two-phase cooling, with cold plate technology being the most mature and widely used [3]. Group 3: Demand for Electronic Fluorinated Liquids - The demand for electronic fluorinated liquids is expected to rise significantly, reaching 122,000 tons and 256,000 tons by 2025 and 2026, respectively, representing year-on-year growth of 150% and 110% [4]. - The global fluorinated liquid market is concentrated, with the top five manufacturers holding 80% of the market share; the exit of 3M will create structural opportunities for domestic fluorinated liquid manufacturers [4]. Group 4: Thermal Interface Materials (TIM) - The combination of efficient TIM materials, such as liquid metal, with two-phase cold plate cooling solutions offers significant advantages [5]. - Liquid metal TIM materials are ideal for high-end chips, compatible with various cooling methods, and are expected to become mainstream in the future [5]. Group 5: Investment Recommendations - The liquid cooling solution is anticipated to become the mainstream cooling method for AI servers, with a focus on upstream raw materials like fluorinated refrigerants and electronic fluorinated liquids, as well as efficient TIM materials [6].