粗粮该怎么吃才科学？推荐以下几种方式： 粗粮和细粮如何区分？ 一般来说，精细加工的精米白面属于细粮，而加工过程较为简单、保留了更多成分的属于粗粮。 粗粮一般包括全谷物、杂豆和薯类。全谷物主要有糙米、黑米、燕麦、荞麦、大麦、玉米、小米、青 稞、高粱米、藜麦、薏米等。杂豆类包括红豆、绿豆、黑豆、芸豆、鹰嘴豆、豌豆、蚕豆等。薯类常见 的有土豆、红薯、芋头、山药等。 粗粮富含膳食纤维，饱腹感比较强，有助于维持健康体重，但其原理远不止"饱"那么简单。粗粮大多属 于低升糖指数食物，人体对其消化吸收的速度慢，不会引起餐后血糖飙升和胰岛素大量分泌。与高升糖 指数的细粮相比，粗粮有助于维持血糖平稳，减少身体多余糖分转化为脂肪的可能性，并避免因血糖骤 降而产生强烈饥饿感。 此外，粗粮中保留了更多B族维生素、矿物质（如镁、锌）及抗氧化物质，这些都是能量代谢和脂肪燃 烧过程中不可或缺的"催化剂"，有助于身体在减肥期间保持高效、健康的运转。 既然如此，粗粮是否可以完全取代细粮？ 事实并非如此，极端化的饮食潜藏风险。长期只吃粗粮可能会带来一些问题，比如消化负担过重、微量 元素缺乏等。 一、循序渐进替代法：煮饭时，不要全部用白米，尝试加入 ...

一、循序渐进替代法：煮饭时，不要全部用白米，尝试加入糙米、小米、藜麦或燕麦。初期可以按照粗 细粮1∶10混合，待肠胃适应后，逐渐过渡到1∶3、1∶2或1∶1。如制作面食，可选择全麦面粉与普通面粉混 合使用。 二、花样搭配掺入法：使主食多元化，可以在煮饭或煮粥时加入各类杂豆和薯类，尽量不放糖或少加 糖。 粗粮和细粮如何区分？ 一般来说，精细加工的精米白面属于细粮，而加工过程较为简单、保留了更多成分的属于粗粮。 粗粮一般包括全谷物、杂豆和薯类。全谷物主要有糙米、黑米、燕麦、荞麦、大麦、玉米、小米、青 稞、高粱米、藜麦、薏米等。杂豆类包括红豆、绿豆、黑豆、芸豆、鹰嘴豆、豌豆、蚕豆等。薯类常见 的有土豆、红薯、芋头、山药等。 粗粮富含膳食纤维，饱腹感比较强，有助于维持健康体重，但其原理远不止"饱"那么简单。粗粮大多属 于低升糖指数食物，人体对其消化吸收的速度慢，不会引起餐后血糖飙升和胰岛素大量分泌。与高升糖 指数的细粮相比，粗粮有助于维持血糖平稳，减少身体多余糖分转化为脂肪的可能性，并避免因血糖骤 降而产生强烈饥饿感。 此外，粗粮中保留了更多B族维生素、矿物质（如镁、锌）及抗氧化物质，这些都是能量代谢和脂肪燃 烧过程 ...

研究发现，饮食中摄取豆制品、纳豆、酸奶、海藻、蘑菇和粗粮较多的研究对象，其产后抑郁症状 较轻、身体状况更好，肠道内与短链脂肪酸产生有关的细菌相对量较多，而埃希氏菌等病原菌相对量较 少。 产后抑郁主要表现为情绪低落或悲伤、对曾经喜欢的事情丧失兴趣、睡眠障碍、食欲不振、疲劳、 无助和暴躁易怒等。公报说，产后出现抑郁症状的女性比例已达到25%至30%，且产后抑郁症的发病不 仅在围产期，而是可能持续至产后4到5年。 标签： 日本 肠道菌群 饮食习惯 抑郁 (资料图片) 日本京都大学、大阪大学等机构研究人员在新一期美国《国家科学院学报·交叉学科》上发表论文 说，团队以日本正在抚养0至4岁婴幼儿的344名女性为对象进行研究。他们分析研究对象的粪便样本， 计算出肠道菌群的多样性以及菌种占比情况，并评估她们的抑郁症程度以及与抑郁相关的身体症状，还 通过问卷了解睡眠情况和饮食习惯。 研究人员发现，产后抑郁症状越明显的女性，体内肠道菌群的多样性越低，特别是与短链脂肪酸产 生有关的细菌相对量要少。短链脂肪酸是肠道中的有益细菌分解膳食纤维产生的一类物质，它们是肠道 细胞的主要能量来源，对肠道健康至关重要。 ...

Group 1: Understanding Psychological Hunger - Psychological hunger, distinct from physiological hunger, arises from emotional states such as stress or negative feelings, leading to eating behaviors that do not fulfill actual energy needs [1][2] - Emotional eating can be categorized into restrictive eating, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating, with the latter closely linked to anxiety and depression [2][3] - The brain's craving for high-carb and high-fat foods during negative emotional states is a natural response, as these foods provide quick energy and can improve mood [2][3] Group 2: Coping Strategies for Emotional Eating - Awareness of emotional eating is crucial; recognizing the behavior can help individuals moderate their eating habits [4] - Alternative coping mechanisms include mindfulness breathing, talking to someone, exercising, or engaging in enjoyable activities instead of relying solely on food for emotional relief [4] - When cravings are uncontrollable, opting for healthier, low-calorie snacks like cucumbers or tomatoes is recommended, while minimizing the presence of high-calorie snacks [4] Group 3: The Cycle of Emotional Eating and Weight Management - Emotional eating can lead to excessive calorie intake and obesity, creating a vicious cycle where obesity further exacerbates emotional eating [5][6] - Extreme dieting can trigger psychological hunger, resulting in negative emotions and cravings for high-calorie foods [6] - Individuals experiencing rapid weight gain or frequent weight fluctuations should reassess their weight management strategies to ensure they are healthy and sustainable [6][7] Group 4: Nutritional Guidance for Weight Management - A balanced diet emphasizing whole grains, vegetables, and appropriate portion sizes is essential for effective weight management [8] - Maintaining regular meal patterns, such as three meals a day, helps distribute calorie intake and supports weight control [8] - Intermittent fasting methods, like "16+8" or "5+2," can be effective under professional guidance, but individual circumstances must be considered [9]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes that not all whole grains are effective in controlling blood sugar levels, with some "pseudo whole grains" having a faster glycemic response than refined grains like white rice and flour [2][6]. Group 1: Types of Grains - Certain sticky grains, such as glutinous millet and black glutinous rice, have a higher glycemic index and can raise blood sugar levels quickly [3][6]. - Whole grains like oats and red beans contain more resistant starch, which has a lower impact on blood sugar due to their tightly packed structure [5]. Group 2: Consumption Methods - The method of consuming whole grains can significantly affect their glycemic index; grinding grains into powder and mixing them with water can increase their glycemic response [9][11]. - For individuals needing to control blood sugar, it is advisable to choose whole grains that maintain a low glycemic index even after processing, such as green beans and lentils [11]. Group 3: Dietary Recommendations - It is recommended to combine whole grains with protein and fiber-rich foods, such as milk and vegetables, to mitigate blood sugar spikes [8][13]. - A balanced intake of whole and refined grains is suggested, ideally maintaining a ratio of 1:1 or 2:1, depending on individual digestive health [14].