据媒体4日报道，美国两党参议员计划于周三提出立法，拟将美国进出口银行的贷款上限提高700亿美元至2050亿美元，并将其授权延长十年，是 为通过扩大融资规模，全力支持美国总统唐纳德·特朗普在关键矿产领域的战略议程。 该提案由共和党参议员Kevin Cramer与民主党参议员Mark Warner共同发起，正值特朗普政府加速推进供应链重组之际。Kevin Cramer向媒体透 露，特朗普对该机构的资助持"全情投入"态度，并充分认可该机构在商业层面的价值。这一立法努力与白宫本周启动的"Project Vault"计划紧密呼 应，后者旨在利用进出口银行的融资建立关键矿产的商业库存。 受此政策利好推动，市场对相关行业的预期迅速升温，预计政府资本的注入将直接提振国内矿产供应链。在消息公布后的盘前交易中，美国稀土 相关概念股普遍上涨，其中美国稀土上涨17.46%，但盘前涨幅收窄；美国锑业上涨5.3%，Critical Metals与MP Materials也分别录得显著涨幅。 供应链安全与贸易平衡 根据拟议的立法内容，立法者寻求将进出口银行的贷款上限从目前的1350亿美元大幅提升至2050亿美元。Kevin Cramer指 ...

Core Viewpoint - The rise of global resource nationalism is expected to lead to sustained supply constraints and strategic premiums for key minerals due to proactive interventions by resource-rich countries [1] Group 1: Supply Constraints - Resource-rich countries are likely to impose supply constraints on key minerals, particularly small metals, which are scarce and have high supply concentration, making them more susceptible to policy restrictions [1] - Indonesia's nickel export controls have proven effective in value retention, and the country is expected to further strengthen supply constraints on nickel and tin through production quota adjustments and crackdowns on illegal mining [1] Group 2: Market Dynamics - The Democratic Republic of Congo's shift from a cobalt export ban to a more flexible export quota system is anticipated to provide ongoing support for cobalt prices [1] - In the US and Europe, despite intentions to diversify and localize supply of key minerals, multiple challenges related to resources, technology, funding, and regulation may hinder short-term achievements [1]