Group 1 - The article discusses the phenomenon of vehicles experiencing shaking or vibration during low-speed turns in wet conditions, tracing the issue back to historical vehicle designs like horse-drawn carriages [1] - Most modern vehicles utilize front-wheel steering for better stability, while rear-wheel steering can lead to oversteering and loss of control [2][4] - Early steering mechanisms, such as the simple "turntable steering," had inefficiencies and required large turning radii, leading to poor comfort and handling [6] Group 2 - To address the large turning radius, a quadrilateral steering mechanism was developed, allowing for reduced turning space but introducing new issues like sliding friction and vibrations [8] - The Ackermann steering geometry was introduced to ensure that the inner and outer wheels turn at different angles, minimizing side slip and tire wear during turns [10] - The standard Ackermann steering has a correction rate of 100% when the steering arms intersect at the rear axle, affecting the vehicle's steering characteristics [11] Group 3 - Despite the theoretical 100% correction rate, real-world factors like tire deformation necessitate adjustments to the Ackermann steering ratio for optimal performance [13] - Different vehicle types, such as formula racing cars, may employ "anti-Ackermann steering" to enhance stability and grip during high-speed cornering [15] - The advantages of Ackermann steering include reduced tire sliding, extended tire life, and improved vehicle stability, making it suitable for both performance and everyday vehicles [15]

Core Points - The 2025 Formula 1 Spanish Grand Prix took place on June 1 at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya [1] - McLaren's Australian driver Piastri won the race, with teammate Norris finishing second and Ferrari's Leclerc taking third [3][4][5][6] Group 1 - The race was held in Barcelona, marking a significant event in the 2025 F1 season [1] - Piastri's victory highlights McLaren's competitive performance in the championship [3][4] - Norris's second-place finish further emphasizes McLaren's strong showing in the race [5][9] Group 2 - Leclerc's third-place finish indicates Ferrari's continued presence in the top tier of the competition [6][11] - The race results reflect the ongoing rivalry and performance dynamics among leading teams like McLaren and Ferrari [3][6]

Group 1 - Verstappen of Red Bull Racing secured his second victory of the season at the Imola Grand Prix, outperforming McLaren drivers Norris and Piastri [1][4] - Verstappen took the lead early in the race, overtaking Piastri, who started from pole position, and established a significant lead [2][3] - The race saw strategic pit stops influenced by a virtual safety car and a subsequent safety car deployment, allowing drivers like Hamilton to gain positions [3][4] Group 2 - Verstappen finished the race with a 6.109-second lead, marking Red Bull's 400th F1 Grand Prix with a victory [4] - Post-race, Verstappen expressed pride in the team's performance and execution during the race [5] - The future of the Imola circuit in the F1 calendar remains uncertain as the contract is set to expire at the end of the year [5][7]