Group 1 - The character "午" has evolved from its ancient form resembling a grain pounding tool, indicating its historical significance in agriculture and food processing [2][4] - The earliest known grain processing tools were stone grinding plates and sticks, which were later supplemented by the invention of the pestle and mortar to meet increasing agricultural demands [2][3] - Archaeological findings, such as the wooden pestle from the Hemudu site in Zhejiang, demonstrate that the pestle was invented during the Neolithic period, highlighting advancements in food processing technology [3] Group 2 - The coexistence of pestles and mortars with stone grinding tools during the Yangshao culture period provides valuable insights into the development of productivity and living conditions of that era [4] - The character "午" transitioned from representing a grain pounding tool to denoting "midday," with interpretations linking it to the concept of the sun's position and seasonal changes [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article highlights the growth and stability of the non-ferrous metal industry in China during the first three quarters of the year, with significant increases in production, investment, and trade [1] Group 2 - The added value of the non-ferrous metal industry increased by 7.8% year-on-year, surpassing the national industrial growth rate by 1.6 percentage points [1] - The production of ten common non-ferrous metals reached 61.249 million tons, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 3.0% [1] Group 3 - Fixed asset investment in the non-ferrous metal industry grew by 10.1% compared to the same period last year, with mining and selection industries seeing a substantial increase of 49.3% [1] - Private sector fixed asset investment rose by 7.9% year-on-year [1] Group 4 - The total import and export trade of non-ferrous metals amounted to $305.66 billion, marking a year-on-year increase of 13.4% [1] - Imports reached $244.94 billion, up 11.9% year-on-year, while exports totaled $60.72 billion, reflecting a growth of 19.8% [1]

春秋代序，寒来暑往，我们即将走过"十四五"收官之年。当此之时，尤其需要各地区各部门精准落实党 中央决策部署，努力完成全年目标任务。 一方面，坚定信心、保持定力。今年以来，经济运行顶住压力、稳中有进，为完成全年目标打下了坚实 基础。"两新"、"两重"、提振消费等政策落地见效，也彰显了宏观治理的有效性。 另一方面，积极作为、加倍努力。当前，外部环境不稳定不确定因素较多，国内结构调整压力较大，经 济平稳运行面临不少挑战。现在到年底还有一个多月时间，必须深入贯彻落实党的二十届四中全会精 神，能多干就多干一些，合力推动中国经济量增质升。 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年11月15日 04 版） (责编：袁勃、赵欣悦) 关注公众号：人民网财经 ...

Group 1 - The transition from "Science Popularization Day" to "Science Popularization Month" reflects the enthusiasm of the public for scientific exploration and the national emphasis on citizens' scientific literacy [1] - Over 500,000 key events took place nationwide, with more than 500 million participants in the "Light of Science Popularization" activities, transforming a one-day event into a month-long engagement [1] - The use of digital technologies such as AI, VR, and AR in offline activities enhances the appeal of hard science, while online formats like live broadcasts and science-themed performances broaden the reach to diverse audiences [1] Group 2 - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the importance of strengthening science and technology popularization, cultivating an innovative culture, and promoting the spirit of scientists [2] - The aim is to synchronize science popularization with technological innovation, enhancing the impact of science in the nation's development journey [2]

本报北京11月14日电 13日和14日，外交部发言人林剑连续揭批日本首相高市早苗涉台错误言论。林剑 表示，日本首相高市早苗日前在国会公然发表涉台露骨挑衅言论，暗示武力介入台海的可能性。在中方 表达严正交涉和强烈抗议后，还执迷不悟、拒不撤回。中方正告日方，必须深刻反省历史罪责，立即停 止干涉中国内政、挑衅越线的错误言行，不要在台湾问题上玩火，玩火者必自焚！ 在11月13日外交部例行记者会上，有记者提问：日本首相高市早苗日前发表关于中国大陆对台湾动武可 能构成日本"存亡危机事态"的言论。据报道，高市在国会答辩时坚称，有关言论符合日本政府看法，无 意撤回或取消。中方对此有何评论？ 林剑表示，日本首相高市早苗上述错误言行严重违背一个中国原则，严重违背中日四个政治文件精神和 国际关系基本准则，粗暴干涉中国内政，挑战中方核心利益，侵犯中国主权，中方对此坚决反对、绝不 容忍，日方必须立即纠正，收回恶劣言论，否则一切后果必须由日方承担。 林剑说，今年是中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，也是台湾光复80周年。日本曾对台 湾实行殖民统治，犯下罄竹难书的罪行。日本军国主义历史上曾多次以所谓"存亡危机"为借口发动对外 ...

神舟二十号乘组3名航天员在轨驻留204天，刷新了中国航天员单个乘组在轨驻留时间最长纪录，其间完 成了4次出舱活动和多次货物进出舱任务，在地面科研人员密切配合下，完成了大量空间科学实（试） 验。 17时21分，神舟二十号航天员全部安全顺利出舱。至此，神舟二十号航天员乘组的太空之旅顺利结束。 陈冬成为首个在轨驻留时间超过400天的中国航天员，同时也是目前执行出舱任务次数最多的中国航天 员。 当日，神舟二十号航天员乘组乘坐飞机平安抵达北京。 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年11月15日 01 版） 本报北京11月14日电 （记者刘诗瑶、朱瑛琪）据中国载人航天工程办公室消息：北京时间11月14日16 时40分，神舟二十一号载人飞船返回舱在东风着陆场成功着陆。返回舱舱门打开后，医监医保人员现场 确认神舟二十号乘组航天员陈冬、陈中瑞、王杰身体状态良好。 (责编：袁勃、赵欣悦) 关注公众号：人民网财经 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of proactive fiscal policy in China's economic development, particularly during the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan" periods, highlighting the need for innovative reforms and effective macroeconomic management to support modernization and address complex domestic and international challenges [1][4]. Group 1: Achievements of Fiscal Policy - Since the beginning of the new era, China's fiscal policy has been adjusted in response to changing circumstances, leading to significant achievements in economic recovery and modernization efforts [2]. - During the "14th Five-Year Plan," total public budget expenditure is expected to exceed 136 trillion yuan, a 24% increase compared to the "13th Five-Year Plan," with over 70% of fiscal spending directed towards people's livelihoods [2][4]. - The ability to respond to risks and challenges has strengthened, providing a more solid foundation for safe development [2]. Group 2: Key Strategies for the "15th Five-Year Plan" - The fiscal policy will focus on enhancing counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustments to address structural and deep-seated economic issues while promoting long-term development potential [3][4]. - Emphasis will be placed on the synergy between supply-side and demand-side management, utilizing tax policies and government procurement to support a modern industrial system and stimulate consumption [3][5]. - The government will innovate fiscal tools, such as ultra-long special bonds and fiscal subsidies, to enhance the effectiveness of fiscal policies and improve macroeconomic management [3][8]. Group 3: Expanding Domestic Demand - The construction of a strong domestic market is identified as a key task, with fiscal measures aimed at boosting consumption and effective investment [6][7]. - Strategies include enhancing consumer spending through subsidies and tax adjustments, as well as increasing effective investment in strategic projects to improve overall productivity [6][7]. Group 4: Fiscal Reform and Management - The focus will be on creating a high-level socialist market economy by ensuring that fiscal macro-control supports effective market mechanisms while allowing micro-entities to thrive [8][9]. - The government aims to optimize resource allocation, enhance fiscal management, and improve the efficiency of public spending through reforms such as zero-based budgeting [9]. - There will be a concerted effort to balance efficiency and equity in tax policies, ensuring a reasonable macro tax burden while promoting social fairness and market unity [9].

深秋的福建泉州，山区已微有寒意。洛江区罗溪镇钟山村田野里，专家吴艺娟正带队组织新发现文物的 认定。她用软毛刷轻轻扫去手中瓷片上的浮土，抬头对蹲在旁边的普查队队员陈菲菲说："你看这釉 色，青中泛白，胎质细密坚致，典型的南宋仿烧龙泉窑风格。" 第四次全国文物普查（以下简称"四普"）启动以来，这样的场景在泉州的山间、古村、溪畔、海边经常 上演。普查队员们用脚步丈量1.1万平方公里土地，用汗水唤醒沉睡的文明，那些被岁月尘封的文物， 正通过他们的手，重新连接起历史与当下。 （作者单位：泉州市文物局） 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年11月15日 08 版） (责编：袁勃、赵欣悦) 难忘康桂清的"官道寻桥"。永春县石鼓镇吾江村的小溪上，一座石构平梁桥静静横卧。它叫岭兜桥，始 建于明洪武二年（1369年），现存的为清光绪年间重建，却因损毁严重，连本地人都快忘了它的存在。 永春县"四普"队队员康桂清早就注意到在《永春州志》《永春县志》里关于这座桥的记载："官道要 冲，南通德化，北接尤溪。"这条路曾是瓷器、茶叶外销的"黄金线"，民间流传"挑夫过百二，茶香飘万 里"的说法。康桂清查阅清代《永春官道图》，发现图中明确标注"岭兜桥"的 ...

前辈们在1953年的现场勘查中发现，南禅寺大殿的出檐被后来改动过，檐椽有明显的锯痕，推测是因为 檐椽糟朽，历史上维修时进行了改动。1954年与1974年的方案均对这一现象有过分析。1974年的维修工 程清理出了建筑原台明，又从台明与出檐的关系推算了出檐的长度，三者相互验证，从最初推算出檐长 度230—240厘米，到工程实施中出檐长度明确为234厘米。出檐尺寸是在文献研究、同期建筑对比研 究、现场详细勘测以及考古发现中反复推敲，最终获取趋于精准的长度。 侏儒柱是屋架最上部平梁上的圆形短柱。1954年的修复草案认为，在隋唐实物和壁画中，大多只用大叉 手而不用侏儒柱，但在南禅寺大殿使用此柱是"结构所必需的构件"。1974年的维修中，解除屋面荷载 后，侏儒柱一组构件自动脱离，侏儒柱与大叉手之间并无榫卯连接。力学计算和现场模拟实验的结果认 为，没有侏儒柱，大叉手是安全的，由此取消了侏儒柱这一组构件，"恢复了唐代建筑原样"。在取消侏 儒柱一组构件后，考虑到结构的可靠性，在大叉手底部的平梁上皮增加了一根钢筋拉杆，以减小大叉手 向外的推力。按照今天的保护原则，或许应该保留历史上加固的痕迹，但50年前的修缮方式也是集体讨 论的 ...

场地自行车在专门建造的椭圆形盆状赛道上进行，追求极限冲刺，考验爆发力。项目赛道陡峭，在室内 进行，比赛节奏紧凑，观赏性强。常见项目有争先赛、团体竞速赛等。 11月14日，第十五届全国运动会场地自行车项目在香港单车馆决出3枚金牌。本次全运会，自行车项目 总体分为公路自行车、场地自行车和山地自行车等，对运动员的技术能力、比赛场地要求区别很大。 公路自行车比赛距离最长，动辄上百公里。车手需要应对体能、坡度和天气等挑战。其中，风阻尤为关 键，因此"破风"的战术安排是影响成绩的重要因素。常见项目有绕圈赛、个人计时赛和大组赛等。 （本报记者 王 亮整理） 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年11月15日 05 版） (责编：袁勃、赵欣悦) 山地自行车在崎岖不平的自然或人工越野赛道上进行，主要挑战在于应对陡坡、岩石、急弯、泥泞等复 杂地形。最主流的项目是越野赛，即在指定圈数的赛道上竞速，考验选手的技术稳定性。 ...