潍柴重机股份有限公司 经核查独立董事杨建国、张树明、王志明 2025 年度的任职经历以及其签署 的相关自查文件，上述人员未在公司担任除独立董事以外的其他职务，与公司以 及主要股东、实际控制人之间不存在直接或间接利害关系或其他可能影响其进行 独立客观判断的关系，公司独立董事符合《上市公司独立董事管理办法》《深圳 证券交易所上市公司自律监管指引第 1 号——主板上市公司规范运作》中对独立 董事独立性的相关要求。 潍柴重机股份有限公司董事会 二〇二六年三月二十五日 董事会关于独立董事独立性自查情况的专项意见 根据《上市公司独立董事管理办法》《深圳证券交易所股票上市规则》《深 圳证券交易所上市公司自律监管指引第 1 号——主板上市公司规范运作》等规则 要求，潍柴重机股份有限公司（以下简称"公司"）董事会，就公司在任独立董 事杨建国、张树明、王志明的独立性情况进行评估并出具如下专项意见： ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent developments in the shipping industry, particularly focusing on the VLCC (Very Large Crude Carrier) transportation index and its fluctuations due to geopolitical tensions in the Middle East [1]. Shipping Sector Summary - The VLCC transportation index for West Africa to Ningbo, China, has increased by 3.23% to 150.09 WS, despite a monthly decrease of 6.52%, indicating a significant annual increase of 24.85% [5]. - Key players in the core oil transportation sector include COSCO Shipping Energy and China Merchants Energy Shipping [5]. - The article highlights various shipping segments, including: - **Product Tankers and MR Fleet**: China Merchants Jinling Shipyard [5]. - **Container Shipping**: Major companies include COSCO Shipping Holdings, COSCO Shipping Development, and Jinjing Shipping [5]. - **Dry Bulk Shipping**: Notable firms are China National Offshore Oil Corporation and Haitong Development [5]. - **Special/Chemical/Roll-on Roll-off Shipping**: Key players include COSCO Shipping Special, Xingtong Co., and Shenghang Co. [5]. Port Operations Summary - The article outlines significant port operations in various regions: - **Yangtze River Delta Hub**: Includes Nanjing Port, Lianyungang, Shanghai Port Group, and Ningbo Port [5]. - **Bohai Rim Hub**: Notable ports are Tangshan Port, Tianjin Port, and Qinhuangdao Port [5]. - **Southwest Hub**: Key ports include Guangzhou Port and Zhuhai Port [5]. - **Yangtze River Inland Ports**: Chongqing Port is highlighted [5]. Shipping Equipment and Logistics Summary - The core equipment manufacturing sector features companies like CIMC (China International Marine Containers), East China Heavy Machinery, Weichai Heavy Machinery, and Hangzhou Advance Gearbox Group [5]. - The energy and special equipment sector includes firms like Furui Special Equipment and Xizhuang Co. [5].

Summary of Conference Call Notes Company and Industry Involved - The discussion revolves around the **power generation industry**, specifically focusing on **cogeneration (柴发)** systems and their demand in the context of global energy needs and geopolitical tensions. Key Points and Arguments Global Demand and Supply Dynamics - The global demand for cogeneration systems is approximately **17,000 to 18,000 units annually** under normal conditions, with projections indicating a **30% to 60% growth** in demand over the next few years [2][3]. - China's demand is estimated at **5,000 to 6,000 units**, contributing significantly to the overall market [2]. - The current global production capacity for high-speed cogeneration units is dominated by major players like Caterpillar, Cummins, and Mitsubishi, each with a capacity of **3,000 to 4,000 units** [3]. - The annual production expansion rate of these manufacturers is insufficient to meet the increasing demand, leading to a projected supply gap that domestic manufacturers are expected to fill [4]. Price Trends - There is an anticipated price increase for cogeneration systems, with projections indicating a **15% increase** in China by the end of the year [4][5]. - Price increases in the U.S. and Europe are expected to be **10% to 15% higher** than in China, reflecting regional market dynamics [5]. Impact of Geopolitical Events - Recent conflicts in the Middle East, particularly involving Iran, have disrupted energy supply chains and increased the urgency for backup power solutions, particularly for data centers [5][6]. - The conflict has led to a surge in demand for cogeneration systems as businesses seek reliable power sources amid instability [8][9]. - The situation has prompted inquiries from various clients in Europe and the Middle East for large-scale purchases of cogeneration systems [9][10]. Market Opportunities - The demand for backup power systems is expected to rise significantly, especially in regions affected by conflict, as businesses recognize the need for reliable energy sources [22]. - Companies like **KOTAI, Taihao, and Sumida** are actively pursuing global expansion, with KOTAI locking in **1,000 units** for international markets, primarily in the **3 to 5 MW range** [12][26]. - The export distribution shows that over **40%** of these units are destined for the U.S., with additional markets in Southeast Asia and Europe [35][36]. Profit Margins - The profit margins for cogeneration systems are generally around **20% to 30%**, with higher margins for engines exceeding **30%** [28][29]. - The pricing strategy is influenced by the urgency of demand, especially in conflict-affected areas, allowing manufacturers to command higher prices [30][32]. Future Outlook - The ongoing geopolitical tensions are likely to sustain high demand and price increases for cogeneration systems, with manufacturers expected to benefit from the supply constraints faced by competitors [32]. - The overall market sentiment remains positive, with expectations of continued growth in both domestic and international markets for cogeneration systems [39]. Other Important but Possibly Overlooked Content - The discussion highlighted the importance of backup power systems in non-AIDC applications, such as oil refineries and chemical plants, which are increasingly recognizing the need for reliable power amid potential disruptions [22]. - The production capacity of the power generation sector is currently underutilized, with many manufacturers capable of producing more than the current demand, indicating potential for future growth [23].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the automotive industry is "Positive" (maintained) [1] Core Insights - The report highlights that with the global expansion of AI capital expenditure, the diesel generator segment is expected to benefit directly from the increased demand for AI data center construction (AIDC). The domestic supply chain is anticipated to achieve both volume and price increases due to the supply-demand imbalance in diesel generators [4][20] - The global diesel generator market is projected to reach approximately $22.6 billion by 2026, with overseas demand at $19.6 billion and domestic demand at $3 billion. This corresponds to a global demand of about 42,000 units, with overseas demand at 35,600 units and domestic demand at 6,600 units [24][25] Summary by Sections 1. Diesel Generators: Key Power Source for Data Centers - Diesel generators are a critical power source for data centers, typically comprising a system of "grid + UPS + diesel generators" to provide backup power during outages [9] 2. Demand: Higher Overseas than Domestic, with Significant Growth Potential in Domestic Market - The report indicates that global AI capital expenditure is expected to exceed $600 billion in 2026, a year-on-year increase of over 70%. Major companies like Google, Amazon, Meta, and Microsoft are significantly increasing their investments in AI infrastructure [15][17] - Domestic companies such as ByteDance, Alibaba, and Tencent are also optimistic about their AI capital expenditure plans for 2026, contributing to the overall demand for diesel generators [15][18] 3. Supply: Acceleration of Domestic Substitution, Price and Profitability Expected to Improve - The global diesel generator market is dominated by foreign companies like Cummins and Caterpillar, but their cautious expansion cycles have led to supply shortages. Domestic suppliers are expected to gain market share due to price and delivery advantages [27] - The average price of a single unit in the domestic market is close to 3 million yuan, with prices expected to rise continuously from 2024. The price of units using foreign engines has increased by about 20% [27]

Group 1 - Weichai Heavy Machinery's stock increased by 5.18%, reaching 36.35 CNY per share, with a trading volume of 450 million CNY and a turnover rate of 5.63%, resulting in a total market capitalization of 16.861 billion CNY [1] - Weichai Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. is located in Weifang Binhai Economic and Technological Development Zone, Shandong Province, established on June 28, 1993, and listed on April 2, 1998. The company specializes in the development, manufacturing, and sales of marine power and power generation equipment, including engines ranging from 30 to 12,000 horsepower and integrated power systems [1] - The main business revenue composition includes: generator sets 51.61%, engines 33.89%, aftermarket and others 7.28%, and parts and processing services 7.23% [1] Group 2 - Xiangcai Fund has one fund heavily invested in Weichai Heavy Machinery, specifically the Xiangcai Changshun Mixed Initiation A (007012), which held 114,000 shares in the fourth quarter, accounting for 3.05% of the fund's net value, ranking as the tenth largest holding [2] - The Xiangcai Changshun Mixed Initiation A fund was established on March 28, 2019, with a latest scale of 68.5184 million CNY. Year-to-date return is 12.62%, ranking 1421 out of 8887 in its category; the one-year return is 35.63%, ranking 2688 out of 8134; and since inception, the return is 105.6% [2] Group 3 - The fund manager of Xiangcai Changshun Mixed Initiation A is Bao Jiamin, who has been in the position for 1 year and 360 days. The total asset scale of the fund is 545 million CNY, with the best return during the tenure being 64.75% and the worst return being -1.11% [3]

Stock Performance - The stock of Weichai Heavy Machinery (000880.SZ) experienced a decline of 3.67% on February 13, closing at 35.67 yuan, with a trading volume of 631 million yuan and a turnover rate of 7.72% [1] - The stock had previously risen significantly, with a 5-day cumulative increase of 11.47% and a 20-day increase of 19.34%, indicating a potential overbought condition [1] Capital Flow - On February 13, there was a net outflow of 99.03 million yuan in main funds, including a net outflow of 63.79 million yuan from large orders and 35.25 million yuan from super large orders [2] - The financing balance decreased by 10.75 million yuan over the past 5 trading days, suggesting that some leveraged funds are taking profits [2] Sector Performance - On the same day, the automotive parts sector fell by 0.64% and the machinery equipment sector dropped by 0.96%, both underperforming the broader market, which saw the Shanghai Composite Index decline by 1.26% [3] Company Valuation - The current price-to-earnings ratio (TTM) for the company is 67.45, significantly higher than the industry average of 43.17, while the price-to-book ratio stands at 8.04, near historical highs [4] - Despite a projected net profit growth of 45%-75% for 2025, there are concerns regarding the company's ability to meet high valuation expectations [4] - The recent stock movement is attributed to a combination of technical overbought conditions, capital outflows, and weak sector sentiment, although the company's fundamentals remain strong with long-term support from projected earnings growth and alternative fuel technology initiatives [4]

Summary of Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The North American data center industry is experiencing a significant electricity shortage, with current electricity and gas turbines accounting for 70%-80% of the primary power supply system. However, the overall supply is limited, leading to the introduction of multi-energy primary power solutions such as SOFC, natural gas, and nuclear energy. [1][1][1] Key Insights and Arguments - The demand for natural gas units in North America is expected to benefit from high overseas demand, particularly as domestic manufacturers like Weichai, which previously focused on marine applications, are now validating large medium-speed gas units (5-10MW+) for data centers. [1][1][1] - The application of large medium-speed gas units in North American data centers is still relatively small, but they present a cost advantage. The ceiling for demand in the U.S. could reach 3,000 units. [2][2][2] - Weichai's 2MW gas units can generate a profit of 400,000-500,000 yuan (20,000-25,000 yuan/MW), while a single 10MW+ large medium-speed gas unit has a value exceeding 30 million yuan (3 million yuan/MW), with a net profit margin of 15%-18% (450,000-550,000 yuan/MW). [2][2][2] Potential Profit Opportunities - Domestic manufacturers breaking into the North American medium-speed unit supply can achieve significant profit margins. Companies like Weichai Heavy Machinery and Weichai Power have the capacity to produce 500-1,500 large medium-speed and high-speed units (3-10MW+) and have received validation invitations from major North American manufacturers. [3][3][3] - The upstream supply chain for natural gas units and gas turbines is facing bottlenecks, particularly in global fuel injection systems, turbochargers, and AC motors, which are experiencing limited expansion and a trend of rising prices. A price increase of 15%-25% is expected by 2026. [3][3][3] - Key suppliers to monitor include Changyuan Donggu (cylinder blocks and heads), Fuda Co. & Tianrun Industrial (crankshafts), Yingliu Co. (turbines), and Bohai Automobile (pistons). [3][3][3]

Core Insights - The Shandong state-owned enterprise reform sector saw an increase of 0.89% on February 12, with Yabo Co., Ltd. leading the gains [1] - The Shanghai Composite Index closed at 4134.02, up 0.05%, while the Shenzhen Component Index closed at 14283.0, up 0.86% [1] Stock Performance - Yabo Co., Ltd. (002323) closed at 2.62, up 10.08%, with a trading volume of 3.39 million shares and a transaction value of 837 million yuan [1] - Shandong Pofiber (605006) closed at 10.20, up 10.03%, with a trading volume of 645,000 shares and a transaction value of 643 million yuan [1] - Weichai Power (000338) closed at 28.07, up 8.09%, with a trading volume of 1.60 million shares and a transaction value of 4.39 billion yuan [1] - China National Heavy Duty Truck Group (000951) closed at 21.65, up 5.66%, with a trading volume of 1.35 million shares and a transaction value of 750 million yuan [1] - Yanzhou Coal Mining Company (600188) closed at 17.51, up 5.17%, with a trading volume of 1.19 million shares and a transaction value of 2.06 billion yuan [1] Capital Flow - The Shandong state-owned enterprise reform sector experienced a net inflow of 1.049 billion yuan from institutional investors, while retail investors saw a net outflow of 904 million yuan [2] - The main stocks with significant net inflows included Inspur Information (000977) with a net inflow of 648 million yuan, accounting for 13.72% of the total [3] - Weichai Power (000338) had a net inflow of 440 million yuan, representing 10.02% of the total [3] - Yabo Co., Ltd. (002323) had a net inflow of 90 million yuan, accounting for 10.76% of the total [3]

Core Viewpoint - The demand for off-grid power supply in North American data centers is rapidly increasing, leading to the adoption of natural gas medium-speed and high-speed engines as primary power sources [1][2]. Group 1: Industry Trends - The global electricity consumption of data centers is projected to reach approximately 415 TWh in 2024, doubling to 945 TWh by 2030 [2]. - The share of engines used in data centers is expected to rise significantly, from 28.6% in 2020 to 53.7% in 2024, corresponding to a market size of 300 billion RMB, and further to 70.8% by 2030, equating to 1018 billion RMB [4]. Group 2: Company Insights - Wärtsilä, a leader in medium-speed marine engines, holds a market share of about 45% and anticipates a robust annual growth rate of 6% in demand for marine medium-speed engines [1]. - The backlog of orders for Wärtsilä's power generation business is expected to double from 2024 to 2025, reaching 800 million euros [1]. Group 3: Technological Developments - Caterpillar has formed a strategic alliance with AIP and Boyd CAT to secure a multi-billion dollar order for 2 GW of rapid-response natural gas generator sets for the Monarch data center project [3]. - Medium-speed engines are projected to grow from 4 GW in 2024 to 19 GW by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28%, primarily driven by the U.S. market [4]. Group 4: Advantages of Medium-Speed Engines - Medium-speed engines offer several advantages, including shorter delivery times (as fast as 18 months), operational capability in high-temperature and high-altitude environments, and modular design for high availability and redundancy [5][6]. - Cost-effectiveness is highlighted, with capital expenditures (CAPEX) reduced by 20-30% compared to heavy gas turbines, and fuel consumption lower by 20-35% [5].

Summary of Conference Call Notes Industry Overview - The report focuses on the North American electricity shortage, driven by the non-linear growth of AI power demand and aging power grid infrastructure [1] - The demand side sees a surge in AIDC projects in the U.S., leading to a significant increase in electricity demand [1] - On the supply side, while total supply is expected to meet short-term demand by 2025, long-term challenges include a decline in stable supply and regional electricity shortages [1] Key Points Supply Challenges - **Decline in Stable Supply**: The aging power grid leads to frequent outages, failing to meet AIDC's requirement for 100% reliable power. The upcoming retirement peak of coal power plants and the instability of wind and solar energy further exacerbate the situation. Only natural gas can currently fill the gap [1][2] - **Regional Electricity Shortages**: By 2024, over 50% of data centers are expected to be located in Texas, California, and Virginia, putting significant pressure on regional power supplies. The fragmented nature of the U.S. power grid and poor interconnections have led to emergency controls due to power imbalances [1] Future Projections - NERC forecasts an average peak gap of over 20 GW in the U.S. from 2027 to 2030, with Texas, the Mid-Atlantic, the Midwest, and California facing significant risks. The DOE predicts an average peak gap of 20-40 GW by 2030 [1] Technology Solutions - **Gas Turbines**: Considered the optimal solution for AIDC self-built power, with efficiency exceeding 60% and the lowest cost per kWh. The global installation of gas turbines is accelerating, with major manufacturers like GE, Siemens, and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries having orders scheduled until 2029 [2] - **Gas Internal Combustion Engines**: Slightly lower efficiency than gas turbines but offer rapid deployment. Leading company Wärtsilä saw a 111% year-on-year increase in new orders for Q1-Q3 2025, with deliveries extending to 2028 [2] - **Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC)**: High efficiency but currently in early commercialization stages, making it less viable in the short term due to cost and capacity constraints [2] - **Diesel Generators**: Optimal for backup power due to quick start-up capabilities, with Cummins reporting a revenue growth of approximately 20% year-on-year for related products in Q1-Q3 2025 [2] Investment Recommendations - Investment opportunities are expanding from gas turbines to gas internal combustion engines and SOFCs, as the current electricity shortage in North America exceeds the total production capacity of various technologies [3] - **Gas Turbines**: Recommended companies include Jerry Holdings, Yingliu Co., Dongfang Electric, Linde Co., and Haomai Technology [3] - **Gas Internal Combustion Engines**: Focus on Linde Co., with additional attention to Weichai Power and Eagle Precision [3] - **SOFC**: Suggested to monitor Weichai Power [3] - **Diesel Generators**: Recommended companies include Linde Co., with additional focus on KOTAI Power, Weichai Power, and Eagle Precision [3] Risk Factors - Potential risks include lower-than-expected investment in AI data centers, international trade tensions, and slower-than-anticipated capacity ramp-up [4]