来源：光明网 光明网讯在全球低碳转型的大背景下，航空业在推动全球碳减排的过程中，扮演着重要角色。根据国际 能源署的数据显示，全球交通运输行业碳排放量占全球人均碳排放总量的22%，其中航空业碳排放量占 2.5%。记者了解到，可持续航空燃料（以下简称SAF）替代石油基航空煤油，全生命周期平均可减少 80%的二氧化碳排放，具有能量密度高、制备方式灵活、与现有航空动力系统兼容度高等优势。 5月19日，空客在北京举行可持续航空燃料媒体交流会，探讨可持续航空燃料的发展进程。空客可持续 航空燃料与碳移除生态系统负责人克莱尔·考夫曼（Claire Kauffmann）表示，中国原料资源种类丰富， 据预测，到2030年，中国可持续航空燃料每年可获得量将支撑起高达1200万吨的潜在产能，有巨大的发 展空间，中国强大的制造能力和工程执行力确保了可持续航空燃料产业的快速推进和高效建设。 可持续航空燃料及其生产过程必须遵循一系列国际可持续性标准。这些标准涉及的领域包括：有效减少 温室气体排放、保护碳储量、维护土壤、空气和水体的质量、合理使用废弃物和化学品、确保整个供应 链的可追溯性、保护自然生态、防止森林砍伐，以及保障人权、土地与劳动 ...

Core Viewpoint - The aviation industry's carbon reduction is a critical issue in the global low-carbon transition, with Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) being a key solution that can reduce carbon emissions by an average of 80% over its lifecycle, contributing to the goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions in the aviation sector by 2050 [1][2]. Group 1: Development Advantages in China - China possesses comprehensive advantages in the sustainable aviation fuel sector, with a predicted potential annual production capacity of up to 12 million tons by 2030 [2]. - As the world's largest renewable energy market, China has a wind and solar power installed capacity that accounts for one-third of the global total, with electricity costs 20% to 30% lower than the international average [2]. - China has accumulated rich experience in key technology areas such as biomass conversion and coal chemical processes, supported by strong manufacturing capabilities and engineering execution [2]. Group 2: Airbus's Commitment and Achievements - Airbus plans to use over 14 million liters of pure sustainable aviation fuel in 2024, which will account for 16% of its total fuel usage, successfully avoiding nearly 35 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions [3]. - Approximately half of the large white shark transport flights will utilize sustainable aviation fuel, and Airbus has implemented a commercial policy for sustainable aviation fuel at its four major assembly lines, offering 5% pure sustainable aviation fuel at no extra cost [3]. - Airbus has a history of collaboration in China since 2011 to promote the application of sustainable aviation fuel, with testing flights and delivery flights using sustainable aviation fuel starting in Tianjin in 2022 [3].

Industry Overview - The Zacks Aerospace-Defense industry includes companies that design and manufacture military and commercial aircraft, combat vehicles, missiles, and space transportation vehicles [2] - It also encompasses cybersecurity firms providing IT services and C4ISR solutions, along with defense contractors offering spare parts and maintenance services [3] Key Trends - Improved air traffic outlook is boosting growth prospects, with global air passenger traffic revenue per kilometer increasing by 3.3% year over year to 738.8 billion [4] - The U.S. defense budget is projected to increase by 13% to $1.01 trillion for fiscal year 2026, which will benefit defense-focused companies [5] - Supply-chain disruptions continue to pose challenges, particularly affecting smaller suppliers in the commercial aerospace sector, with a projected drop in aircraft deliveries from 2,293 to 1,802 in 2025 due to these bottlenecks [6][7] Industry Performance - The Aerospace-Defense industry has underperformed compared to the Zacks S&P 500 composite and its own sector, with a collective gain of 7.2% over the past year, while the Aerospace sector grew by 11.9% and the S&P 500 by 8.3% [12] - The industry currently holds a Zacks Industry Rank of 92, placing it in the top 37% of over 250 Zacks industries, indicating positive near-term prospects [9] Valuation Metrics - The industry is trading at a trailing 12-month EV/Sales ratio of 2.82, compared to the S&P 500's 4.86 and the sector's 2.51 [15] Company Highlights - **Airbus Group**: Revenues improved by 6% year over year, with earnings per share increasing by 33%. The 2025 sales estimate is $82.57 billion, reflecting a 10.4% increase from the previous year [18][19] - **Leidos Holdings**: Revenues grew by 7% year over year to $4.25 billion, with adjusted earnings up by 30%. The 2025 sales estimate indicates a 2.7% improvement from 2024 [22][23] - **Huntington Ingalls Industries**: Received orders worth $2.1 billion in the first quarter, with a total backlog of $48 billion as of March 31, 2025. The 2025 sales estimate shows a 3.5% increase from 2024 [26][27]

特朗普政府正在调查进口飞机、喷气发动机及其零部件是否构成国家安全威胁，此举可能是对商用航空 产业加征新关税的铺垫。 根据美国商务部周五发布的公告，调查已于5月1日启动，涉及对象包括商用飞机、喷气发动机以及相关 零部件。 公告称，调查内容包括"美国相关进口是否集中于少数供应商，以及由此产生的相关风险"，还将评 估"外国政府补贴和掠夺性贸易行为对行业竞争力的影响"。 波音737 Max机身在美国华盛顿州伦顿的制造工厂 这是特朗普近期发起的一系列调查中的最新一项，旨在为其所认为的关键产业争取关税保护。特朗普此 前已根据《1962年贸易扩展法》第232条对钢、铝、汽车及其零部件加征关税，并对铜、药品、半导体 芯片、中重型卡车等产品的进口发起调查。 该法律项下的调查通常会在270天内得出结论，但特朗普政府已多次加快相关行动的推进节奏。调查启 动并不意味着一定会征收新关税，但特朗普一贯将其作为扶持美国工业的重要工具。 特朗普此前已经依据紧急授权对欧盟的数十个贸易伙伴加征关税。这些关税成为当前多项谈判焦点。欧 盟是空中客车的总部所在，而该公司是波音主要竞争对手。 最新发起的调查是对过去50年来全球航空产业格局的又一挑战，凸 ...

Core Viewpoint - International Airlines Group (IAG) has placed an order for 53 long-haul aircraft to meet the mid-term needs of its fleet, including 21 Airbus A330-900neo and 32 Boeing 787-10, with deliveries scheduled between 2028 and 2033 [1] Group 1 - The order consists of 53 long-haul aircraft [1] - The breakdown of the order includes 21 Airbus A330-900neo and 32 Boeing 787-10 [1] - Deliveries of the aircraft are expected to occur from 2028 to 2033 [1]

Core Insights - International Airlines Group (IAG) is set to place an order for approximately 30 wide-body jets, including models A330 and A350 [1] Group 1 - The order signifies IAG's commitment to expanding its fleet with modern aircraft [1] - The A330 and A350 models are known for their fuel efficiency and advanced technology, which may enhance operational performance for IAG [1]

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing US-EU trade negotiations may lead to the EU imposing tariffs on US aircraft if no positive outcomes are achieved, which could significantly impact both the US and European aerospace industries [1][5]. Group 1: Trade Negotiations and Tariffs - Airbus CEO expressed concerns that if the US-EU trade talks do not yield satisfactory results, the EU may impose reciprocal tariffs on US aircraft to encourage higher-level negotiations [1]. - The EU is considering additional tariffs on approximately €100 billion (about $113 billion) worth of US goods, with civil aircraft likely included in the tariff list [1]. - The EU's proposed countermeasures will be shared with member states and will undergo a month-long consultation before finalizing the list [1]. Group 2: Impact on Aerospace Industry - The US aerospace and defense products have a significant trade surplus, with exports nearing $136 billion in 2023, while imports are just below $22 billion [5]. - The potential retaliatory tariffs from the EU could have a more substantial negative impact on the US aerospace industry than the tariffs imposed by the Trump administration on Airbus [5]. - Airlines are concerned about the additional costs associated with tariffs, with some executives stating they are unwilling to pay these costs, which could lead to delays in aircraft deliveries [6][7]. Group 3: Airline Responses and Economic Outlook - Major US airlines, including Delta and American Airlines, have expressed reluctance to absorb the costs of tariffs, indicating that they may delay aircraft deliveries if tariffs are implemented [7][8]. - Airlines are already adjusting their strategies to avoid tariffs, such as rerouting aircraft deliveries to minimize costs [7]. - Economic uncertainty exacerbated by tariffs has led several airlines to withdraw their annual performance forecasts, indicating a cautious outlook for growth [8].

空中客车4月飞机交付56架，总订单11架。 ...

Core Points - The EU is preparing to include Boeing aircraft in its countermeasures against the US due to failed negotiations [1] - The EU has suspended retaliatory tariffs on $210 billion worth of US goods until July 14, 2023, to promote negotiation progress [2] - The aerospace and defense sector in the US has a significant trade surplus, with exports nearing $136 billion and imports just below $22 billion in 2023 [3] Group 1: EU's Trade Measures - The EU Commission plans to add civil aircraft to a target list of US imports worth €100 billion if negotiations do not progress by July 14 [1] - The EU Trade Commissioner stated that currently, 70% of EU exports to the US are subject to tariffs, which could rise to 97% if the US continues imposing tariffs on various sectors [2] - The EU is prepared with alternative plans to restore fair competition if negotiations with the US do not yield necessary results [2] Group 2: Impact on the Aerospace Industry - Airlines are considering delaying deliveries of Boeing or Airbus aircraft to avoid increased costs from tariffs [2] - Airbus CEO expressed concerns about the negative impact of tariffs on both European and American stakeholders, emphasizing the need for resolution [3] - The current trade tensions are damaging the high-performance transatlantic ecosystem in the aerospace sector [3]

Core Viewpoint - The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has delayed the airworthiness certification of China's C919 aircraft, stating it will take an additional 3 to 6 years for the certification process to complete, which has raised concerns about the motivations behind this delay and its implications for the aviation market [1][5][10]. Group 1: EASA's Certification Delay - EASA has used the term "technical familiarity" to justify the delay in the airworthiness certification of the C919, indicating that it is unlikely to receive certification this year [1]. - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce has responded to the situation, suggesting a confrontational stance against EASA's prolonged certification process, which has lasted six years [5]. - The delay is perceived as a strategic move by EASA to protect the interests of European aerospace giants Airbus and Boeing, preventing competition from the C919 [7][10]. Group 2: Market Dynamics and Opportunities - The ongoing delays in certification have created a unique opportunity for the C919, as domestic orders have surged past 1,000 units, significantly overshadowing Airbus's orders in China [16]. - The C919 has gained traction in international markets, with significant orders from countries like Saudi Arabia, which has placed an order for 10 aircraft, showcasing a shift in market dynamics [12][16]. - The C919's safety record is highlighted as superior to that of Boeing's troubled aircraft, which may influence consumer preferences and order flows in the aviation market [17][20]. Group 3: Strategic Implications for the Aviation Industry - The situation illustrates a broader trend where Western technology restrictions may inadvertently accelerate the development of China's aviation industry, leading to the emergence of alternative solutions and partnerships [16][17]. - The potential for the C919 to capture market share in the Middle East and Southeast Asia could disrupt the existing duopoly of Boeing and Airbus, leading to a reevaluation of their market strategies [21][23]. - The ongoing delays and strategic maneuvers by EASA may result in a significant shift in the global aviation landscape, with the possibility of new alliances forming outside of the traditional Western framework [21][23].