Group 1 - The company has launched a full lifecycle service for liquid-cooled data centers, including self-developed liquid cooling products, and has created benchmark server and liquid cooling system decoupling projects for clients like China Mobile [2] - The company has completed liquid cooling data center transformations for leading internet companies [2] - The company has partnered with Muxi Co., Ltd. to introduce high-density liquid cooling computing PODs, with specific projects already implemented in intelligent computing scenarios, focusing on core technology solutions for high-performance computing needs [2] Group 2 - The company aims to collaborate with more partners to build a liquid cooling intelligent computing center ecosystem, promoting green and low-carbon development in the intelligent computing center industry [2]

Core Viewpoint - Keda Data's stock price has shown significant volatility, with a year-to-date increase of 89.63%, but a recent decline of 23.99% over the past 60 days, indicating potential market fluctuations and investor sentiment shifts [1][2]. Financial Performance - For the period from January to September 2025, Keda Data reported a revenue of 5.706 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 5.79%, while the net profit attributable to shareholders reached 344 million yuan, marking a substantial increase of 44.71% [2]. - Cumulatively, Keda Data has distributed 1.385 billion yuan in dividends since its A-share listing, with 130 million yuan distributed over the past three years [3]. Stock Market Activity - As of December 23, Keda Data's stock price was 54.65 yuan per share, with a trading volume of 780 million yuan and a turnover rate of 3.19%, resulting in a total market capitalization of 28.167 billion yuan [1]. - The stock has appeared on the "龙虎榜" (Dragon and Tiger List) seven times this year, with the most recent appearance on October 27, where it recorded a net buy of -471 million yuan [1]. Shareholder Structure - As of December 10, Keda Data had 107,000 shareholders, an increase of 10.31% from the previous period, with an average of 4,249 circulating shares per shareholder, down by 9.35% [2]. - The second-largest circulating shareholder is Hong Kong Central Clearing Limited, holding 20.0319 million shares, an increase of 13.3589 million shares from the previous period [3].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese quantum technology industry is transitioning from academic research to commercial application, with significant advancements in quantum error correction achieved by the team led by Academician Pan Jianwei, laying a crucial foundation for practical quantum computing [1] Group 1: Industry Development - The "14th Five-Year Plan" has established quantum technology as a new economic growth point, indicating a shift in focus from laboratory verification to industrialization [1] - Recent drafts of the "14th Five-Year Plan" from various regions emphasize the layout of the quantum technology industry [1] Group 2: Future Growth Potential - More than five institutions predict that ten quantum technology concept stocks, including Zhongke Shuguang (603019), Huagong Technology (000988), Aerospace Electronics (600879), Guangxun Technology (002281), and Guodun Quantum, will see net profit growth rates exceeding 20% in 2026 and 2027 [1] - According to data from Data Treasure, as of December 22, five of these ten high-growth concept stocks have seen net financing purchases exceeding 100 million yuan since December, specifically Aerospace Electronics, Huagong Technology, Kehua Data (002335), Guangxun Technology, and Guodun Quantum [1]

Group 1: Quantum Technology Industry - The Chinese quantum technology industry is transitioning from academic research to commercialization, marking a significant shift in focus towards industrial application as outlined in the "14th Five-Year Plan" [6][10]. - Various provinces, including Jiangsu, Anhui, and Shanxi, are actively promoting the development of quantum technology and related industries, aiming to establish production capabilities in quantum computing, communication, and precision measurement [7][8][9]. - According to a report by Galaxy Securities, the global quantum technology industry is projected to reach a scale of $8 billion by 2024, with an average annual growth rate of 76.27% from 2024 to 2030, potentially reaching $908.9 billion by 2035 [9]. Group 2: Company Performance and Stock Market - Yaxing Integrated (603929) has seen its stock price reach a historical high of 108.31 yuan per share, representing an increase of 8.97 times compared to its low point over the past three years [2][3]. - The company reported a net profit of 442 million yuan for the first three quarters of the year, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 0.78% [3]. - Shareholder EVER CREATIVE has completed a reduction of approximately 1.16 million shares, accounting for 0.5446% of the company's total share capital [4]. Group 3: Research and Development in Quantum Technology - The research team at the University of Science and Technology of China has made significant advancements in quantum error correction, achieving a "below threshold, increasingly correct" outcome with their superconducting quantum processor [5]. - The new "full microwave quantum state leakage suppression architecture" developed by the team shows a significant reduction in logical error rates, demonstrating the potential for building scalable quantum computers [5]. - The R&D expenses of quantum technology-related stocks in the A-share market reached 70.814 billion yuan in the first three quarters, accounting for 3.83% of total revenue, with 18 stocks having R&D expenses exceeding 20% of their revenue [10][12].

证券研究报告 晨会 hyzqdatemark 2025 年 12 月 22 日 投资要点： 资料来源：聚源，华源证券研究所，截至2025年12月22日 华源晨会精粹 20251222 固定收益 短期制约因素突出，当前经济或仍承压——利率周报：11 月经济数据与财 政收支数据相继披露，当前经济或仍持续承压。我们认为经济运行核心矛盾仍聚焦 于"旧动能调整拖累与新动能成长并存"，消费与投资的短期压力与财政收支的低 增长态势相互呼应。从经济运行基本面看，需求端或仍承压。消费与投资双引擎若 持续乏力，可能直接影响四季度经济增速预期，预计同比增速将较三季度有所放缓。 短期制约因素尤为突出：房地产市场仍在筑底阶段，居民消费短期仍可能保持谨慎 态度。2025 年 1-11 月财政收支情况显示，财政运行呈现"收入低增、支出中央地 方分化"的特征。当前经济与财政的运行态势，与 2025 年中央经济工作会议的政策 部署形成精准呼应。会议强化内需主导作用、突出企业创新主体地位，并新增"加 大逆周期和跨周期调节力度"的表述，为后续政策发力指明了方向。明年经济或呈 现弱修复态势，财政收支平衡压力或将持续。2026 年债市行情可能好于预期 ...

Investment Rating - The report rates the industry as "Outperforming the Market" [3] Core Insights - The data center industry has become a core incremental application scenario for the power equipment sector, directly driving demand growth and technological iteration in power equipment [3][6] - The report emphasizes the need to incorporate multi-dimensional indicators from the AI industry to accurately assess the demand for power distribution equipment in data centers, given the capital expenditure scale and long investment return cycles in the data center sector [3][6] - The report outlines a three-part indicator system: 1. Demand side: Capital expenditure from leading cloud providers serves as a direct "weather vane" for short-term demand potential for power distribution equipment [3][6] 2. Supply chain: The investment rhythm in data centers is constrained by GPU supply, necessitating tracking of key supply chain data to validate demand progress [3][6] 3. AI application side: The development of AI applications directly impacts the strength and sustainability of capital expenditure cycles in data centers [3][6] Summary by Sections Demand Side: Sustained High Growth in Capital Expenditure - In Q3 2025, overseas cloud providers' capital expenditure reached $99.617 billion, a year-on-year increase of 80.39% and a quarter-on-quarter increase of 9.54% [8] - Alibaba's capital expenditure in Q3 2025 was 31,501 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 80.10% but a quarter-on-quarter decrease of 18.55% [13] - Tencent's capital expenditure in Q3 2025 was 12,983 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 24.05% and a quarter-on-quarter decrease of 32.05% [13] Supply Chain: Revenue Growth for Key Players - NVIDIA's revenue in Q3 2025 reached 362.571 billion yuan, a historical peak with a quarter-on-quarter growth of 24.63% and a year-on-year growth of 62.49% [18] - TSMC's revenue in November 2025 was 343.614 billion New Taiwan dollars, a year-on-year increase of 24.5% [24] - The CPU price index in October 2025 was 98.20, showing a slight recovery from 96.15 in September, while DRAM spot prices surged over 200% from $12.85 to $38.76 [27] Application Side: Steady Growth in AI Models and Applications - The report notes a steady increase in the number of AI models and application deployments, which directly influence the capital expenditure cycles in data centers [29] - The token call volume on the OpenRouter platform reached 5.85 trillion from December 9 to December 15, reflecting a quarter-on-quarter growth of 1.21% [34] - The price of tokens for models scoring over 40 on the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index dropped by over 50% in Q3 2025 [45]

Core Viewpoint - KWH Data's stock price has shown significant volatility, with an 85.70% increase year-to-date, but a recent decline in the last five trading days, indicating potential market fluctuations and investor sentiment changes [1][2]. Financial Performance - For the period from January to September 2025, KWH Data reported a revenue of 5.706 billion yuan, representing a year-on-year growth of 5.79%. The net profit attributable to shareholders was 344 million yuan, reflecting a substantial increase of 44.71% compared to the previous year [2]. - Cumulative cash dividends since the company's A-share listing amount to 1.385 billion yuan, with 130 million yuan distributed over the last three years [3]. Stock Market Activity - As of December 22, KWH Data's stock price was 53.52 yuan per share, with a market capitalization of 27.585 billion yuan. The trading volume was 124 million yuan, with a turnover rate of 0.51% [1]. - The company has appeared on the "Dragon and Tiger List" seven times this year, with the most recent instance on October 27, where it recorded a net buy of -471 million yuan [1]. Shareholder Structure - As of December 10, KWH Data had 107,000 shareholders, an increase of 10.31% from the previous period. The average number of tradable shares per shareholder decreased by 9.35% to 4,249 shares [2]. - The second-largest circulating shareholder is Hong Kong Central Clearing Limited, holding 20.0319 million shares, which increased by 13.3589 million shares compared to the previous period [3].

Core Viewpoint - Keda Data's stock experienced a decline of 0.98% on December 19, with a trading volume of 1.018 billion yuan, indicating a significant level of trading activity in the stock market [1] Financing and Margin Trading - On December 19, Keda Data had a financing buy amount of 126 million yuan and a financing repayment of 145 million yuan, resulting in a net financing buy of -18.56 million yuan [1] - The total margin trading balance for Keda Data reached 1.502 billion yuan as of December 19, with the financing balance of 1.499 billion yuan accounting for 5.54% of the circulating market value, which is above the 70th percentile level over the past year [1] - In terms of securities lending, Keda Data had 4,700 shares repaid and 4,200 shares sold on December 19, with a selling amount of 220,400 yuan, and a remaining securities lending balance of 388.80 million yuan, also above the 70th percentile level over the past year [1] Company Overview - Keda Data Co., Ltd. is located in Xiamen Torch High-tech Zone, Fujian Province, and was established on March 26, 1999, with its listing date on January 13, 2010 [1] - The company's main business involves the production and sales of UPS power supplies for information equipment and industrial power, with revenue composition as follows: 49.62% from new energy products, 21.01% from data center products, 16.43% from IDC services, 11.77% from smart energy products, and 1.17% from other sources [1] Financial Performance - As of December 10, Keda Data had 107,000 shareholders, an increase of 10.31% from the previous period, with an average of 4,249 circulating shares per person, a decrease of 9.35% [2] - For the period from January to September 2025, Keda Data achieved an operating income of 5.706 billion yuan, representing a year-on-year growth of 5.79%, and a net profit attributable to the parent company of 344 million yuan, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 44.71% [2] Dividend Distribution and Institutional Holdings - Keda Data has distributed a total of 1.385 billion yuan in dividends since its A-share listing, with 130 million yuan distributed over the past three years [3] - As of September 30, 2025, the second-largest circulating shareholder is Hong Kong Central Clearing Limited, holding 20.0319 million shares, an increase of 13.3589 million shares from the previous period [3] - The Guangfu ETF (515790) is the seventh-largest circulating shareholder, holding 4.1008 million shares, a decrease of 114,800 shares from the previous period, while the Southern CSI 1000 ETF (512100) is the tenth-largest circulating shareholder, holding 3.2986 million shares, a decrease of 23,100 shares [3]

Core Insights - The rise in AI chip power consumption has made high-efficiency liquid cooling an essential part of the computing power industry, with liquid cooling solutions offering a heat transfer coefficient 20 times greater than air cooling, stabilizing chip temperatures below 65°C, which is critical for GPU performance and data center expansion [1] - IDC forecasts that from 2024 to 2029, the liquid cooling server market in China will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 46.8%, reaching a market size of $16.2 billion by 2029 [1] - Recent trends show a significant increase in A-share liquid cooling server-related stocks, with heightened investor inquiries about company operations [1] Company Responses - **川环科技** focuses on expanding applications for liquid cooling pipeline products, particularly in automotive fluid pipelines, data server liquid cooling, and energy storage liquid cooling, while maintaining confidentiality regarding specific collaborations with clients [2] - **硕贝德** confirms that its cooling products and modules can be applied in liquid cooling servers [4] - **川润股份** highlights its competitive advantages in high-end equipment manufacturing and energy management, emphasizing its capabilities in providing stable and reliable liquid cooling systems [6] - **飞龙股份** reports that its revenue from liquid cooling components was approximately 4.115 million, accounting for less than 2% of total revenue, but anticipates increased sales in the second half of the year based on current orders [8] - **首都在线** is actively preparing high-power and liquid cooling systems for data center operations, aiming to optimize server cooling efficiency and reduce energy consumption [10] - **飞荣达** has not yet supplied directly to clients like NVIDIA but has made significant progress in developing various cooling products, including liquid cooling modules [11] - **澄天伟业** emphasizes its self-developed high-performance manufacturing processes for liquid cooling products, which are crucial for meeting the demands of high-power computing devices [13] - **银轮股份** is committed to high investment in digital energy thermal management and anticipates accelerated order acquisition [15] - **科创新源** collaborates with Honeywell and is involved in the development of liquid cooling solutions for high-performance computing scenarios [17] - **捷邦科技** is progressing with its liquid cooling business as planned, while also focusing on market value management [18] - **思泉新材** has developed a range of cooling products and is actively working on customer product introductions in the liquid cooling sector [20] - **冰轮环境** has introduced new technologies to adapt to the latest high-efficiency servers, including low-carbon energy-saving technologies [22] - **科华数据** is expanding its partnerships with leading internet companies to meet the growing demand for intelligent computing centers [24] - **鼎通科技** produces various connectors and cooling solutions for servers and data centers [26]

Core Viewpoint - The company, Kehua Data, is a pioneer in the liquid cooling sector, leveraging years of technical expertise and experience in data center construction and operation to offer a full lifecycle service for liquid cooling data centers [1] Group 1: Product Offerings - The company has developed a range of self-researched liquid cooling products, including air-liquid drawer-type CDU, liquid-liquid drawer-type CDU, and liquid-liquid cabinet-type CDU [1] - Integrated products include WiseCooling plate liquid cooling micro-modules, liquid cooling containers, and liquid cooling all-in-one machines [1] Group 2: Strategic Partnerships and Projects - The company has partnered with Muxi Co., Ltd. to launch a high-density liquid cooling computing POD [1] - Specific projects have been implemented in intelligent computing scenarios, focusing on exploring solutions centered around super nodes to provide stable, efficient, and flexible real-time support for high-performance computing needs [1]