行 业 研 究 华福证券 机械设备 2025 年 12 月 28 日 太空脑机接口首试成功，深空神经探索启新程 投资要点： 突破技术壁垒，在轨验证创举 行 业 定 期 报 告 近日，西北工业大学牵头开发的两套太空专用小鼠无线植入式脑 机接口微系统，搭载"迪迩五号・中国科技城号"空间试验器成功升空 并进入预定轨道，目前运行稳定、数据正常回传。此次任务是国际首 次在太空环境下开展该类设备长期在轨离体验证，核心包含自研多通 道柔性微电极、神经信号采集芯片等关键部件，创新采用"动物舱" 与"独立舱"双室协同验证模式，攻克了太空复杂环境下信号采集、 长期稳定性等技术难题。 筑牢科研基础，赋能未来探索 该试验为后续无约束小动物在体在轨神经信号采集提供关键数据 与技术支撑，助力揭示太空对神经的影响机制、保障航天员脑健康。 其技术未来有望应用于月球/火星基地长期驻留任务，为人类深空探测 筑牢健康基石，同时推动中国植入式脑机接口技术迈入"太空时代"， 为脑科学太空探索及新质生产力发展注入强劲动力。 "十五五"重点赛道，脑机接口市场规模有望快速增长 根据 precedence research，2024 年全球脑机接口市场规模约 ...

Investment Rating - The industry rating is "Outperform the Market" [9][18]. Core Insights - Hangzhou Yundongchu Technology Co., Ltd. has officially initiated its IPO guidance, with CITIC Securities as the advisory institution, and has a clear shareholding structure [3]. - The company, founded in 2017, focuses on the research, production, and sales of quadruped robots, humanoid robots, and core components, having launched multiple product series [5]. - As of December 2025, the company has completed nine rounds of financing, with the latest C round exceeding 500 million yuan, indicating strong interest from various institutional investors [5]. - The humanoid robot market in China is projected to reach nearly 38 billion yuan by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) exceeding 61% from 2024 to 2030, and sales expected to grow from approximately 4,000 units to 271,200 units [6]. Summary by Sections Company Overview - Yundongchu Technology is led by a professor from Zhejiang University and is part of the "Hangzhou Six Little Dragons" [5]. - The company has undergone a share reform and changed its corporate type, with the controlling shareholder holding 32.60% of the shares [3]. Market Potential - The development of sufficiently intelligent humanoid robots is seen as a significant technological direction that could benefit humanity by taking over repetitive physical labor [6]. - NVIDIA's CEO has stated that the era of robots has arrived, and embodied intelligence is the next wave of artificial intelligence [6]. Financing and Growth - The company has achieved substantial financing results, with the latest round attracting strategic investments from institutions like CMB International and Huaxia Fund [5]. - The increasing heat in the robotics sector is highlighted by the concurrent IPO guidance of another company in the same field [5].

Group 1 - Hanwei Technology has over 300 types of sensors, showcasing its extensive product range in the sensor market [1] - The company has achieved a breakthrough with its laser-based household gas alarm, utilizing TDLAS technology with a 1653.7nm laser, capable of detecting trace methane leaks in just 11 seconds, with over 1.5 million units shipped this year [1] - Hanwei has established a complete laser sensor production chain, from wafer chips to complete instruments, ensuring independent R&D and manufacturing [1] Group 2 - The automotive sensor market has seen significant growth for Hanwei, driven by the increasing demand for sensors in electric vehicles' battery management systems and motor control [1] - Hanwei's air quality sensors, carbon dioxide sensors, and dust sensors have been successfully supplied to leading domestic automotive manufacturers [1] - The company is actively participating in the emerging field of embodied intelligent humanoid robots, leveraging its rich sensor technology and product reserves [2] Group 3 - Hanwei has developed a series of five embodied intelligent sensor products, including tactile and visual sensors, aimed at applications in humanoid robots [2] - The company has overcome various technical challenges in flexible tactile sensors, achieving industry-leading product specifications and market maturity [2] - Hanwei is focused on consolidating its technological advantages in the embodied intelligence sector through investments and acquisitions, while encouraging the development of the industry in Henan [2]

Group 1: Overseas Market Development - Arrow Home has been focusing on internationalization, increasing strategic investment in overseas markets, and establishing partnerships with local distributors to expand its sales network, resulting in significant revenue growth outside North America, although overall overseas revenue has declined due to changes in the international economic environment [2] - Yiduoli has been enhancing its overseas market presence, with product registrations completed in over 30 countries and regions, and plans to establish a subsidiary in Brazil to strengthen sales coverage in Latin America [3] - Companies like Boying Welding and Jereh have also reported significant progress in their international strategies, with Boying Welding investing in a production base in Vietnam and Jereh expanding its overseas business to over 70 countries [4] Group 2: New Year Development Plans - Wave Optoelectronics plans to focus on semiconductor and laser businesses, aiming for steady growth and expansion into new application areas while maintaining core competitiveness [5] - Arrow Home intends to enhance retail channel management and promote new products in collaboration with Hongmeng Smart Selection, aiming for broader coverage and efficiency in 2026 [5] - Changbao Co. expects to maintain a favorable market for boiler pipes and will focus on high-end product promotion and structural upgrades [7] Group 3: AI Development - Shenzhen Huaqiang emphasizes that AI is a core driver for growth in electronic components, with increasing demand in AI servers and data centers [8] - Zhongdian Port reported a significant increase in AI-related revenue, reaching 9.309 billion yuan in the first three quarters of 2025, reflecting a 78.3% year-on-year growth [9] - Companies like Hanwei Technology are actively integrating AI into their product offerings, developing multi-dimensional sensor systems for intelligent robotics [8][9]

Core Viewpoint - The humanoid robot sector is experiencing renewed interest from investors, with significant capital inflow observed recently, indicating a potential recovery in market sentiment after a period of decline [1] Group 1: Market Dynamics - As of late November, the humanoid robot index, comprising 110 companies, saw its trading volume drop to 23.7% of the total A-share trading volume, reflecting a significant decrease in market attention [1] - The sector has undergone a price correction, with some stocks returning to relatively reasonable or undervalued levels, suggesting a high safety margin and investment value [1] - The current market sentiment is characterized by a divergence between emotional responses and industrial advancements, presenting opportunities for contrarian investments [1] Group 2: Technological Advancements - The humanoid robot industry is witnessing a qualitative transformation, with significant improvements in motion control capabilities, as demonstrated by robots like Yuzhu G1 and Tesla's Optimus [1] - The timeline for mass production is becoming clearer, with Tesla planning to prepare prototype production by February-March 2026, and other domestic companies like Xpeng aiming for mass production by the end of 2026 [2] Group 3: Financial Support - Substantial financing is fueling the industry, with Galaxy General securing over $300 million in new funding, setting a record for the humanoid robot sector, and bringing its total financing to approximately $800 million [2] - The establishment of the world's first humanoid robot power battery PACK production line by CATL signifies a major investment in intelligent manufacturing, enhancing the credibility of the sector [2] Group 4: Policy Support - Local government policies are increasingly supportive of the humanoid robot industry, with initiatives in places like Luoyang and Shandong promoting the development of related technologies and products [3] - Large-scale equipment renewal policies are providing a safety net for the manufacturing sector's transformation, indirectly benefiting the robot industry [3] Group 5: Investment Focus - Future investment strategies in humanoid robots will center around "mass production realization" and "capability evolution," with value transmission expected along the supply chain from complete machines to core components [4] - Companies with established positions in high-value segments such as joints, sensors, and dexterous hands are likely to see more pronounced earnings certainty [4] - The hand, as a critical execution unit for humanoid robots, presents significant engineering challenges, and firms with deep expertise in materials and processes are expected to benefit from the upcoming growth in humanoid robot production [4]

Core Insights - The key focus for AI in 2026 will be on reducing computing costs and the implementation of AI investments in both software and hardware, with new hardware deployment representing true incremental opportunities [1] Industry Overview - The humanoid robot industry is expected to be significantly impacted by the upcoming mass production of Tesla's Optimus robot, which is anticipated to change human interaction and productivity [2] - The analysis of the humanoid robot supply chain will cover the composition of the industry, challenges in hardware industrialization, and opportunities in humanoid robot hardware [2] Humanoid Robot Characteristics - Humanoid robots are defined by two core features: the "form" resembling a human and the "brain" that enables multi-modal perception, continuous learning, and decision-making [2][3] - Achieving the general capabilities required for humanoid robots necessitates advancements in computing power, algorithms, data, and the integration of hardware and software [3] Hardware Challenges - The hardware requirements for humanoid robots differ significantly from other industries, with some components needing to be developed from scratch, such as highly sensitive tactile sensors [4] - The cost of hardware must be sufficiently low to enable widespread adoption, as the estimated future demand for humanoid robots is substantial [4] Supply Chain Breakdown - The humanoid robot industry can be divided into upstream, midstream, and downstream segments, with a complex supply chain similar to that of the electric vehicle industry [5][6] - Upstream focuses on collaboration between manufacturers and suppliers of actuators, sensors, and control systems, with a diverse range of cooperation models [7] - Midstream consists of manufacturers of humanoid robots, primarily concentrated in the US and China, with a mix of established companies and startups [8][9] Upstream Hardware Analysis - Tesla's Optimus robot is projected to have a production capacity of 100,000 units annually by the end of 2026, with significant potential for growth in the humanoid robot market [12] - The hardware components of the Optimus robot include perception, decision-making, and execution layers, with specific focus on sensors and actuators [14][36] Sensor Technologies - Visual sensors are critical for environmental perception, with Tesla opting for a 2D camera approach, while other manufacturers may use 3D cameras and LIDAR [15] - Tactile sensors, essential for human-like interaction, face significant technological challenges and are a key area for development [16][20] - Six-dimensional force sensors are crucial for motion control, with a focus on domestic alternatives to reduce reliance on foreign suppliers [22][27] Actuator Technologies - Electric motors are the primary drive mechanism for humanoid robots, with a focus on developing high-performance, cost-effective solutions [37] - Linear and rotary actuators are essential for joint movement, with a significant emphasis on the development of planetary roller screws and gear reducers [46][58] Market Dynamics - The humanoid robot market is characterized by high entry barriers and significant opportunities in the development of tactile sensors and actuators, particularly in the context of domestic production capabilities [69]

Core Viewpoint - The main market experienced a net outflow of 22.027 billion yuan in major funds as of December 25, with significant inflows observed in specific sectors, indicating a shift in investor interest towards certain industries [1]. Group 1: Sector Performance - The top sectors with net inflows included: - Automotive Parts: 2.1% increase with a net inflow of 2.726 billion yuan [2] - Aerospace: 3.9% increase with a net inflow of 2.552 billion yuan [2] - General Equipment: 2.1% increase with a net inflow of 2.096 billion yuan [2] - Electric Motors: 3.31% increase with a net inflow of 0.993 billion yuan [2] - Beverage Industry: 1.25% increase with a net inflow of 0.804 billion yuan [2] - Packaging Materials: 2.35% increase with a net inflow of 0.646 billion yuan [2] Group 2: Notable Companies - Key companies with the largest net inflows in their respective sectors included: - Wanxiang Qianchao in Automotive Parts [2] - Aerospace Electronic in Aerospace [2] - China Nuclear Technology in General Equipment [2] - Fangzheng Electric in Electric Motors [2] - Kweichow Moutai in the Beverage Industry [2] - Shunhao Co. in Packaging Materials [2] - Goldwind Technology in Wind Power Equipment [3] - Sungrow Power Supply in Photovoltaic Equipment [3] - Hanwei Technology in Instruments and Meters [3] - Cross-Border Communication in Trade [3]

Core Viewpoint - Hanwei Technology's stock rose by 5.07% to 49.55 CNY per share, with a trading volume of 862 million CNY and a turnover rate of 6.25%, resulting in a total market capitalization of 16.225 billion CNY [1] Company Overview - Hanwei Technology Group Co., Ltd. is located in Zhengzhou High-tech Development Zone, Henan Province, and was established on September 11, 1998, with its listing date on October 30, 2009 [1] - The company's main business includes the research, production, sales, and export of gas sensors, gas detection instruments, and monitoring systems, as well as the treatment of organic waste gas and wastewater [1] - The revenue composition of the main business is as follows: smart instruments 40.56%, intelligent comprehensive solutions 26.75%, sensors 15.95%, public utilities 15.28%, and others 1.47% [1] Shareholder Information - E Fund's ETF, the E Fund National Robot Industry ETF (159530), entered the top ten circulating shareholders of Hanwei Technology in the third quarter, holding 4.5506 million shares, which is 1.61% of the circulating shares [2] - The estimated floating profit from this investment is approximately 10.8759 million CNY [2] - The E Fund National Robot Industry ETF was established on January 10, 2024, with a latest scale of 13.315 billion CNY, and has achieved a year-to-date return of 24.92% [2] Fund Manager Performance - The fund manager of the E Fund National Robot Industry ETF is Li Shujian, who has been in the position for 2 years and 109 days, with a total asset scale of 19.758 billion CNY [3] - During his tenure, the best fund return was 112.73%, while the worst was -11.43% [3] - Another fund manager, Li Xu, has been in his position for 3 years and 31 days, managing assets totaling 26.712 billion CNY, with a best return of 135.8% and a worst return of -4.36% [3] Fund Holdings - The E Fund's ETF, the E Fund Growth Mid-Cap 200 ETF (159572), holds 98,500 shares of Hanwei Technology, representing 0.97% of the fund's net value, ranking as the ninth largest holding [4] - The estimated floating profit from this investment is approximately 235,400 CNY [4] - The E Fund Growth Mid-Cap 200 ETF was established on December 15, 2023, with a latest scale of 644 million CNY, achieving a year-to-date return of 28.49% [4]

Core Insights - The main market experienced a net outflow of 25.641 billion yuan as of December 25, with significant capital inflows into specific sectors [1] Group 1: Sector Performance - Aerospace and defense sector saw a capital inflow of 1.867 billion yuan, with a price increase of 3.5% [2] - Automotive parts sector attracted 1.827 billion yuan, with a price rise of 1.52% [2] - General equipment sector recorded a net inflow of 1.600 billion yuan, with a price increase of 1.69% [2] - Electric motor sector had a capital inflow of 0.605 billion yuan, with a price increase of 2.45% [2] - Packaging materials sector saw an inflow of 0.513 billion yuan, with a price rise of 1.95% [2] - Real estate development sector attracted 0.255 billion yuan, with a price increase of 0.56% [2] Group 2: Additional Sector Insights - Trade industry experienced a net inflow of 0.152 billion yuan, with a price increase of 0.89% [3] - Beverage industry saw a capital inflow of 0.100 billion yuan, with a price rise of 0.1% [3] - Insurance sector attracted 0.095 billion yuan, with a price increase of 2.3% [3] - Instrumentation sector had a net inflow of 0.083 billion yuan, with a price increase of 0.77% [3]

Core Viewpoint - The main market experienced a net outflow of 26.031 billion yuan in principal funds as of December 25, with specific sectors attracting significant inflows [1]. Group 1: Sector Performance - The top sectors with net inflows included General Equipment (1.18% increase, 1.215 billion yuan), Auto Parts (1.17% increase, 1.174 billion yuan), and Aerospace (3.32% increase, 0.869 billion yuan) [2]. - Other sectors with notable inflows were Insurance (2.82% increase, 0.351 billion yuan), Electric Motors (1.86% increase, 0.314 billion yuan), and Real Estate Development (0.22% increase, 0.306 billion yuan) [2][3]. Group 2: Individual Company Highlights - Key companies with the largest net inflows included China Nuclear Technology in General Equipment, Wanxiang Qianchao in Auto Parts, and Aerospace Electronic in Aerospace [2]. - In the Insurance sector, Ping An Insurance saw significant inflows, while Fangzheng Electric led in Electric Motors [2]. - Other notable companies included Hanwei Technology in Instrumentation, Kuaijingtong in Trade, and Zhongjian Technology in Chemical Fiber [3].