来源：科技日报 基础研究是整个科学体系的源头，是所有技术问题的总机关。从探索宇宙奥秘到勇攀科学高峰，"十四 五"以来，坚持自由探索和目标导向"两条腿"走路，我国基础研究整体实力显著增强。 看自由探索的基础研究，我们取得了一批具有世界影响力的重要原创性成果：在国际上首次实现光子的 分数量子反常霍尔态，为容错量子计算奠定理论基础；首次揭示了月球背面存在年轻的岩浆活动，为完 善全月演化框架提供关键科学证据；构建了新型可编程的染色体大片段DNA精准操纵技术，首次实现 兆碱基级别多染色体的精准操纵。 看目标导向的基础研究，聚焦国家需求，部署纳米前沿、催化科学、物态调控等重点研发任务，一批重 大科学问题实现突破。例如，基于信息超材料的新架构无线通信系统，为6G技术提供了前瞻性的基础 支撑；建立的稀土资源绿色高效采集、精选和冶炼理论，为稀土材料引领发展提供了重要支撑。 科技强国：从夯实根基到勇攀高峰 全球首个！8月26日，广东江门一处静谧山体深处传出一则喜讯：位于地下700米的江门中微子实验(简 称"JUNO")成功完成2万吨液体闪烁体灌注，并正式运行取数，成为国际上首个运行的超大规模和超高 精度中微子专用大科学装置。 这 ...

Group 1: Major Scientific Achievements - The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) has successfully completed the infusion of 20,000 tons of liquid scintillator and is now operational, marking it as the world's first large-scale, high-precision neutrino facility [1] - The Ali Gravitational Wave Detection Experiment has achieved its first light observation, capturing clear images of radiation from the Moon and Jupiter, indicating a significant advancement in the field of primordial gravitational wave detection [2] Group 2: Strengthening Basic Research - China's basic research capabilities have significantly improved, with high-impact papers accounting for about one-third of the global total, and the number of high-impact scientists reaching 1,405, a 50% increase since 2021 [3][4] - The number of basic research personnel has grown from 472,000 in 2021 to 575,000 in 2023, reflecting a robust talent pool in the field [3] Group 3: Technological Innovations - The world's first 17-inch rollable lightweight terminal was unveiled, showcasing advancements in flexible display technology that could revolutionize portable computing [4] - In the high-end equipment sector, significant breakthroughs have been made, such as the "Jinghua" shield machine achieving a monthly excavation record of 542 meters and the launch of the "Dream" deep-sea drilling vessel [6] Group 4: Emerging Industry Development - China has established approximately 4.6 million 5G base stations, leading the world in technology and user numbers, which supports digital upgrades across various industries [7] - The country has consistently broken records in photovoltaic silicon cell efficiency and has sold over 40 million new energy vehicles, maintaining its position as the global leader in this sector [7] Group 5: Future Industry Foundations - Multiple general-purpose AI models have emerged in China, with some achieving over 95% accuracy, indicating a strong foundation for AI applications [8] - The domestic brain pacemaker has been commercialized, aiding 30,000 Parkinson's patients across 400 hospitals in eight countries, showcasing advancements in health technology [8] Group 6: Innovation and Reform - China ranks first globally in the number of innovation clusters, with nearly a quarter of the top 100 listed by the World Intellectual Property Organization [9] - The country has seen a 48% increase in R&D investment, reaching over 3.6 trillion yuan in 2024, with a research intensity of 2.68%, surpassing the EU average [10]

Core Insights - China has entered the top ten of the Global Innovation Index, highlighting its prominent position as a global innovation leader [1] - The country is experiencing rapid advancements in technology, with significant achievements in space exploration and nuclear fusion [3][4] - The integration of technological and industrial innovation is accelerating, with widespread applications of 5G, Beidou navigation, and brain-computer interfaces [3] Investment in R&D - In 2024, China's total R&D expenditure is expected to exceed 3.6 trillion yuan, ranking second globally, with basic research funding reaching 249.7 billion yuan [4] - The number of effective invention patents in strategic emerging industries has reached 1.472 million, with a focus on high-value core patents in AI, new energy, and life sciences [3] Innovation Ecosystem - China has 24 innovation clusters ranked among the top 100 globally, maintaining the first position for three consecutive years [6] - The country is leveraging a new type of national system to integrate innovative forces and resources, promoting the development of influential regional innovation hubs [6] Policy and Market Dynamics - Recent reforms in the science and technology system aim to address deep-seated issues hindering innovation, including new funding models and talent attraction policies [7] - The market environment is conducive to innovation, with over 500,000 high-tech enterprises and significant participation of businesses in national research projects [8] Future Outlook - The upcoming "14th Five-Year Plan" marks a critical period for achieving the goal of becoming a technological powerhouse within ten years [9] - The focus will be on enhancing original and leading-edge technological breakthroughs, improving the innovation ecosystem, and addressing key challenges in technology development [9]

Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period marks a significant milestone in China's technological development, showcasing historic achievements and transformations in the field of science and technology [2]. Group 1: Technological Achievements - The overall R&D investment in China is projected to exceed 3.6 trillion yuan in 2024, representing a 48% increase from 2020, with an R&D intensity of 2.68%, surpassing the average level of EU countries [2]. - China has maintained its position as the world leader in high-level international journal publications and international patent applications for five consecutive years [2]. - The value added of high-tech manufacturing industries has increased by 42% compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [3]. Group 2: Innovation and Economic Impact - The "Three New" economy's contribution to GDP has reached 18%, with over 500,000 high-tech enterprises, an increase of 83% since 2020 [3]. - The number of domestically developed innovative drugs has increased to 2.8 times that of the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, supporting the health sector [3]. Group 3: Regional Innovation - The establishment of three international innovation centers in Beijing, Shanghai, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is a key focus, with targeted policy support to enhance their roles [4]. - Collaborative innovation efforts are being promoted across regions, exemplified by the establishment of a "Basic Research Cooperation Special Fund" in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region [4]. Group 4: Strengthening Basic Research - The number of high-impact researchers in basic research has grown from 472,000 in 2021 to 575,000 in 2023, with a projected 1,405 highly cited scientists in 2024, accounting for 20% of the global total [6]. - China has achieved significant breakthroughs in various scientific fields, including nanotechnology and catalytic science, through targeted research initiatives [6]. Group 5: Technology Transfer and Commercialization - The national technology contract transaction volume is expected to reach 6.8 trillion yuan in 2024, reflecting a sustained double-digit growth [7]. - The establishment of a multi-layered technology transaction network, including over 1,000 technology transfer institutions and 16,000 technology-based enterprises, enhances the commercialization of scientific achievements [7]. Group 6: Concept Verification and Pilot Platforms - The establishment of 89 concept verification and pilot platforms by the National Technology Innovation Center aims to create a comprehensive service network for the entire chain of results transformation [8].

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Science and Technology emphasizes five key areas of focus for the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, highlighting the importance of technological innovation and integration with industry [1] Group 1: Key Focus Areas - Strengthening original and leading technological breakthroughs is a primary goal for the upcoming five years [1] - Promoting deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation is essential for future growth [1] - Advancing education and talent development in science and technology is a critical component of the strategy [1] - Continuous deepening of the reform of the scientific and technological system is necessary to enhance efficiency and effectiveness [1] - Building a globally competitive open innovation ecosystem is a strategic priority for the next five years [1] Group 2: Future Outlook - The next five years are described as both challenging and full of potential, indicating a strong commitment to progress in building a technologically strong nation [1] - The Ministry expresses determination to work hard, overcome difficulties, and strive for decisive progress in the construction of a technology-driven country [1]

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Science and Technology emphasizes the importance of integrating education, technology, and talent development to enhance innovation capabilities and establish a strong technological nation during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [1] Group 1: Strategic Focus Areas - Strengthening original and leading technological breakthroughs by planning new major national science and technology projects and increasing high-quality technology supply [2] - Promoting deep integration of technological and industrial innovation, enhancing the role of enterprises in technological innovation, and accelerating the application of new technologies and products [2] - Advancing the development of education, technology, and talent in a coordinated manner, focusing on cultivating top talent and innovative teams for major technological tasks [2] Group 2: Reform and Global Engagement - Continuing to deepen reforms in the technology system, enhancing collaboration among national strategic technology forces, and accelerating the transformation and application of major technological achievements [2] - Building a globally competitive open innovation ecosystem, actively participating in international scientific plans and projects, and engaging in global technology governance [2]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's technological innovation capabilities have steadily improved, laying a solid foundation for becoming a technological powerhouse [1] - Significant achievements in various fields such as quantum technology, life sciences, and material sciences have been made, with major original results and advancements in space exploration and 5G communication [1] - By 2024, total R&D investment is expected to exceed 3.6 trillion yuan, a 48% increase from 2020, with R&D intensity reaching 2.68%, surpassing the average level of EU countries [1] Group 2 - The integration of technological and industrial innovation has accelerated, with the added value of high-tech manufacturing industries increasing by 42% compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [2] - The proportion of new economy added value in GDP has reached 18%, and the number of high-tech enterprises has increased by 83% since 2020, exceeding 500,000 [2] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period has seen continuous deepening of reforms in the technology system, with various innovative models and financial policies being implemented to enhance the vitality of innovation [2]

Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period marks a significant milestone in China's technological development, showcasing historical achievements and transformations in various fields of science and technology [3][4]. Group 1: Achievements in Technology Innovation - China's technological innovation capabilities have steadily improved, with major original achievements in quantum technology, life sciences, and material sciences [3]. - The operational status of the "Tiangong" space station has transitioned to normalization, and the "Chang'e 6" mission successfully returned samples from the moon's far side [3]. - The country has achieved large-scale applications of 5G communication and maintains the world's highest production and sales of new energy vehicles [3]. - By 2024, total R&D investment is expected to exceed 3.6 trillion yuan, a 48% increase from 2020, with R&D intensity reaching 2.68%, surpassing the average level of EU countries [3]. Group 2: Growth in Research and Development - The level of basic research has improved, and national strategic technological forces have strengthened, with China's comprehensive innovation capability ranking rising from 14th in 2020 to 10th in 2024 [4]. - The added value of high-tech manufacturing industries has increased by 42% compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [6]. - The "three new" economy's added value accounts for 18% of GDP, and corporate R&D investment exceeds 77% [6]. - The number of high-tech enterprises has surpassed 500,000, an increase of 83% since 2020 [6]. Group 3: Future Directions and Reforms - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period has seen accelerated integration of technological and industrial innovation, with ongoing reforms in the technology sector [6]. - The Ministry of Science and Technology aims to promote the integrated development of education, technology, and talent, enhancing the depth of integration between technological and industrial innovation [6]. - The next five years are deemed critical for achieving the goal of becoming a technological powerhouse within the next decade [6].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government emphasizes the importance of the next five years as a critical period for achieving the goal of becoming a technology powerhouse by 2035, focusing on five key areas of work in the technology sector [1][2] Group 1: Key Areas of Focus - Strengthening original and leading technological breakthroughs by planning and launching new major national science and technology projects, enhancing organized basic research, and continuously increasing high-quality technology supply [1] - Promoting deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, reinforcing the role of enterprises as the main body of technological innovation, and accelerating the establishment of concept verification and pilot testing platforms to facilitate large-scale application of new technologies, products, and scenarios [1] - Advancing the development of education and technology talent in a coordinated manner, enhancing collaboration between education and research, and cultivating top-tier leading talents and innovative teams through major scientific research tasks to build a competitive advantage in talent [1] - Deepening reforms in the technology system, enhancing collaboration among national strategic technological forces, accelerating the transformation and application of major technological achievements, and establishing a favorable environment for unleashing the vitality and potential of technological innovation [1] - Building a globally competitive open innovation ecosystem by continuing to implement the "Belt and Road" technology innovation action plan, actively initiating and organizing international large-scale scientific plans and projects, and participating deeply in global technology governance [2]

Core Points - The Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Award Conference recognized outstanding contributions to the city's technological development, emphasizing the importance of innovation and high-end industry leadership in building an international science and technology innovation center [1][2] - The city aims to enhance its capabilities in core technology breakthroughs, particularly in integrated circuits, innovative pharmaceuticals, and artificial intelligence, while promoting a collaborative innovation ecosystem [3][4] Group 1: Achievements and Recognition - A total of 206 awards were presented in the 2024 Shanghai Science and Technology Awards, including 10 for outstanding contributions by young scientists, 56 for natural science achievements, 30 for technological inventions, and 97 for technological progress [5] - Notable recipients included academicians and researchers who were awarded the Shanghai Science and Technology Merit Award, highlighting the city's commitment to recognizing and supporting scientific talent [1][5] Group 2: Strategic Initiatives - The city plans to deepen the construction of basic research and original innovation, fostering an environment that encourages researchers to tackle challenging projects and explore new technologies [2][3] - There is a focus on cultivating an open innovation ecosystem, leveraging key areas like the Shanghai Free Trade Zone to facilitate cross-border technology transactions and international collaboration [3][4] Group 3: Talent Development and System Reform - Efforts will be made to attract top global scientific talent and enhance the integration of education, technology, and talent development, aiming to create a high-level talent hub [4] - The city is committed to reforming its technology management system to improve the overall efficiency of the innovation ecosystem, ensuring a comprehensive approach to technology development and commercialization [4]