今年以来，多名读者向本报反映哈拉湖垃圾污染问题，记者近日来到哈拉湖调查采访。 张先生说："冬天风大，塑料袋等重量轻的垃圾一会儿就被刮跑了。夏天游客多，扎帐篷的也多，产生 的垃圾更多。" 哈拉湖位于祁连山最高峰团结峰脚下，湖面面积约625平方公里，是青海省内面积仅次于青海湖的高原 湖泊，周边20多条河流汇入其中。哈拉湖是斑头雁等候鸟迁徙的重要中转站，也是祁连山南麓重要的生 态稳定器。 "由于海拔高，哈拉湖的高原湖泊生态系统比较脆弱。"青海师范大学教授、青海省地理学会理事长刘峰 贵介绍，湖区周边的土壤多为高寒冻土或粗骨性土壤，土层薄、有机质含量低，植被根系浅且固土能力 弱。人类活动如车辆碾压等行为，会导致土壤裸露，易引发风蚀、水蚀，植被恢复可能需要数十年。由 于低温抑制微生物分解作用，水体自净能力较差，水生生物耐受阈值极低，人类生活垃圾也会对其造成 不小的影响。 哈拉湖生态系统如此脆弱，为何允许游客车辆直达湖边？湖边为什么没有垃圾箱？游客留下的垃圾由谁 负责清理？ 记者采访发现，哈拉湖地处祁连山国家公园和正在创建的青海湖国家公园中间地带，这也是德令哈市与 天峻县的交界地带，特殊的地理位置使其生态养护及管理陷入两难 ...

北依秦岭，南屏巴山，陕西省汉中市洋县被称为"朱鹮之乡"。 暮色将至，蒙蒙细雨中，记者跟随陕西汉中朱鹮国家级自然保护区管理局的几名工作人员，在一处朱鹮 野外夜宿地，等待着朱鹮归巢。 很快，一群长喙凤冠、红首白羽，被誉为"东方宝石"的朱鹮，掠过湖面，飞向湖心小岛，栖于茂密树枝 上。 朱鹮是鸟类的"活化石"，有着6500万年的生存史。上世纪中叶，由于栖息环境遭到破坏，朱鹮种群数量 急剧减少。1981年，科研工作者在洋县姚家沟发现了世界上仅存的7只野生朱鹮。经过40多年的保护， 朱鹮种群日益壮大。 "朱鹮的生存繁衍，依赖湿地生态系统和森林生态系统。多年来，我们逐步探索出系统保护模式——就 地保护为主、易地保护为辅、野化放归扩群、科技攻关支撑、政府社会协同，实现人鹮和谐共生。"陕 西汉中朱鹮国家级自然保护区管理局原副局长路宝忠介绍，目前，全球朱鹮种群数量已突破1.1万只。 严格的生态保护举措，为当地有机农业发展创造了良好的环境。行走在洋县的田间地头，处处可见"有 机"二字。据介绍，洋县认证有机产品15大类115种，有机生产基地面积居全省第一，生产加工企业43 户，有机产业产值达55亿元以上。 (责编：卫嘉、白宇) 守绿 ...

Core Points - The police in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve have conducted a special patrol operation, detaining 21 illegal entrants and seizing 9 vehicles, effectively deterring environmental crimes [1][5][6] Group 1: Patrol Operation Details - The operation was led by police officer Zhan Jianglong, with a team of 7 officers, who patrolled key illegal crossing areas between Qinghai, Xinjiang, and Tibet from October 30 to November 19 [2][3] - The patrol faced extreme conditions, including high altitude, severe cold, and complex terrain, demonstrating the commitment of the officers to ecological safety [2][3] Group 2: Ecological Protection Measures - The Hoh Xil Nature Reserve police have established a comprehensive protection system that includes patrol enforcement, regional collaboration, strict law enforcement, and legal education [5] - The focus of the patrol includes monitoring vegetation growth, wildlife populations, and disease outbreaks, while targeting illegal hunting, unauthorized entry, and illegal mining activities [5] Group 3: Historical Context - Since 2019, the police have recorded a total of 8 illegal crossing cases, involving 144 individuals and over 80 vehicles [6]

央视网消息 近日，安徽庐江黄陂湖湿地迎来珍贵"客人"——国家一级保护动物白鹈鹕。安徽农业大学教授在野外考察中记录了这一罕见发现，为该 区域生态环境的持续改善提供了重要实证。 近年来，黄陂湖湿地通过实施退渔还湿、水系治理、水质净化等系统性生态修复工程，有效扩大了水域面积，显著提升了水体质量，湿地生物多样性 日益丰富。此前，该区域已陆续监测到青头潜鸭、小天鹅、白琵鹭等多类珍稀候鸟踪迹。此次白鹈鹕的到访，进一步证明黄陂湖已成为候鸟迁飞的重要"驿 站"。 相关专家表示，白鹈鹕的现身是长江流域湿地保护成果的生动体现，呼吁公众进一步增强生态保护意识，文明观鸟，携手守护这些大自然的精灵。当 地有关部门也表示，将以此次发现为契机，持续完善湿地保护与候鸟监测体系，推动构建更高质量野生动物栖息环境。（文/王健媛） 白鹈鹕作为大型珍稀涉禽，体长可达1.5米以上，双翼展开超过2米。因其对栖息地水质和生态环境极为敏感，被视为湿地健康的"指示物种"。这群白 鹈鹕或在湖面悠然游弋、觅食，或隐身芦苇丛中休憩，与波光粼粼的湖面、摇曳的苇影共同绘就一幅自然和谐的生态画卷。 ...

每年候鸟迁徙的季节，我都喜欢到老铁山看猛禽。 老铁山地处辽东半岛最南端，与著名的蛇岛一同被划定为国家级自然保护区，2024年作为中国黄（渤） 海候鸟栖息地被列入《世界自然遗产名录》。上个世纪90年代，我在老铁山所在的辽宁大连旅顺口区工 作，知道这里是世界九大候鸟迁徙路线之一，也是候鸟数量、种类最多的迁徙路线之一。 观察猛禽可谓充满了乐趣，很遗憾，当时我没有长焦相机，没能拍摄下那些猛禽惊艳的瞬间，但很多镜 头留在了记忆里，只要看到它们，记忆中的底片就会再次感光。当年我特别想观察到乌雕，但直到调离 旅顺口也没有观察到。到沈阳工作后，观察猛禽不得不中断，那些在蓝天盘旋的雄鹰只能出现在梦境 里。 我对乌雕感兴趣源自上小学时看的一部电影，电影中有个匪首叫"座山雕"。看电影时我就想，座山雕会 是什么样子呢？我问过老铁山一位过去以捕鹰、熬鹰、卖鹰为生的老人，电影中的座山雕具体指什么猛 禽。自然保护区建立后，老人成了一名护鸟志愿者，也是民间研究鹰类的专家。他告诉我，他觉得土匪 的座山雕应该是乌雕。 我认可老人的观点，可惜的是没有观察到乌雕。20多年前我上老铁山观察猛禽的时候，天上的猛禽从来 没有成群出现，鹰本身是独行侠，我觉 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the illegal practice of "water extraction for gold" in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County, Hebei Province, which involves extracting large amounts of groundwater without permits, leading to significant ecological and public health concerns [1][2][3] Group 1: Economic Impact - Villagers are drawn to the practice due to rising gold prices and increased income, but fail to recognize the long-term ecological damage and public health risks associated with it [1][2] - The extraction process is energy-intensive, with some households reportedly consuming over 10,000 kWh of electricity monthly, costing nearly 80,000 yuan annually [1] Group 2: Environmental Concerns - The annual extraction of groundwater exceeds legal limits, potentially causing groundwater depletion, land subsidence, and surface cracks [1][2] - The waste produced from the extraction process is discharged into nearby rivers, posing risks to public health and sanitation [2] Group 3: Regulatory Challenges - Local authorities have acknowledged the need for intervention but have not effectively addressed the underlying issues or the established "profit-seeking" mentality among villagers [2][3] - Current regulatory measures have proven insufficient, as the number of deep wells continues to increase, indicating a lack of precise enforcement [2] Group 4: Legal Framework - The practice of unauthorized groundwater extraction and illegal gold refining violates national water and mineral resource laws, potentially leading to criminal charges for severe ecological damage [3] - There is a call for comprehensive regulatory oversight and legal education for villagers to address the illegal activities associated with "water extraction for gold" [3]

Core Insights - The Pacific region mushroom grass industry development seminar concluded in Nadi, Fiji, focusing on poverty alleviation, climate change response, ecological protection, and sustainable development [1] - The seminar was co-hosted by the China-Pacific Island Mushroom Grass Technology Demonstration Center and Fiji's Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources, with nearly 100 representatives from over 10 countries including Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Papua New Guinea, Nauru, and China [1] Group 1 - The acting Minister of Fiji's Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources highlighted that farmers in Fiji are using mushroom grass to produce high-quality mushrooms, create livestock feed, and combat soil erosion, thereby improving livelihoods and enhancing climate resilience in rural communities [1] - The seminar emphasized that the Chinese mushroom grass technology serves as an excellent model for Pacific Island countries seeking sustainable development and resilient food systems [1] - Continuous cooperation is expected to fully unleash the potential of mushroom grass technology to enhance food and nutrition security across the region [1] Group 2 - During the seminar, representatives visited the mushroom grass technology demonstration center, ecological farms for soil erosion control, and mushroom production demonstration bases [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the ecological protection efforts at the Cangzhou Nandagang Wetland, emphasizing the combination of traditional monitoring and advanced AI technology to enhance biodiversity conservation and promote sustainable tourism in the region [1][4][8]. Group 1: Ecological Protection Efforts - The Cangzhou Nandagang Wetland is described as a "natural oxygen bar," where dedicated guardians work daily to protect the ecosystem [1]. - Huang Qinggang, a patrol member for over 30 years, has witnessed significant improvements in bird populations and their habitats, with rare species now choosing to settle and breed in the wetland [2][7]. - The wetland has recorded 17 species of national first-class protected birds and 52 species of national second-class protected birds, showcasing its ecological significance [7]. Group 2: Technological Integration - The introduction of an AI-based monitoring system has revolutionized ecological protection efforts, allowing for "non-intrusive" monitoring of bird species through hidden cameras and sound recognition [4][8]. - This system significantly enhances the efficiency and accuracy of bird monitoring compared to traditional visual observation methods [4][7]. - The wetland recently welcomed over 4,000 national second-class protected birds, marking the largest recorded gathering of this species, the Mandarin Duck, in the area [7]. Group 3: Economic and Ecological Impact - The innovative ecological protection model not only safeguards biodiversity but also injects new vitality into coastal tourism and marine economic development [8]. - The combination of traditional and technological approaches in ecological conservation is seen as a sustainable way to leverage marine ecological benefits [8].

Core Points - The announcement by five departments in Dongying City, Shandong, establishes temporary control measures for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during the migratory periods of birds to ensure their safety in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve [1][3] - The nature reserve is a critical area for international migratory birds, attracting both birds and photography enthusiasts, but incidents of UAVs disturbing bird populations have raised concerns [1][3] - Following the death of a bean goose due to a UAV collision, the local government has implemented a "no-fly zone" to protect the birds while allowing for reasonable UAV use for scientific research [3][4] Summary by Sections Regulatory Measures - The Dongying government has quickly responded to public concerns by coordinating control measures for UAVs, establishing clear boundaries for the no-fly zone while avoiding blanket bans [3] - A special action plan has been developed, including the formation of a patrol team of over 40 members to conduct regular monitoring during peak bird activity times [3][4] Tourism and Infrastructure Development - The "bird wave" phenomenon has significantly boosted tourism in Dongying, leading to improvements in local amenities such as service stations, parking, and sanitation facilities [3][4] - Local tourism officials are actively engaging with visitors through a dedicated online group to gather feedback and enhance the overall experience for tourists [5]

Core Points - Inner Mongolia has completed sand prevention and control on 66.88 million acres in the past five years, accounting for over 40% of the national governance area, strengthening the ecological security barrier in northern China [1] - The region is one of the most severely affected by desertification and sandification, with significant ecological governance challenges due to the presence of major deserts and sandy areas [1] - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, Inner Mongolia completed ecological construction tasks totaling 123 million acres, with sand prevention and control covering 66.88 million acres [1] Group 1 - Inner Mongolia has innovated mechanisms for sand prevention and control, integrating engineering, social participation, and industry-driven approaches [1] - The region has established a sand prevention and control fund and strengthened cooperation with NGOs to enhance efforts in this area [1] - Various incentive mechanisms have been developed to encourage local exploration of models such as "build first, subsidize later" and "work for relief" to mobilize social forces [1] Group 2 - Inner Mongolia is focusing on new technologies and machinery for sand prevention and control, enhancing regional cooperation and resource management [2] - The forest coverage rate in Inner Mongolia is projected to reach 21.98% by 2024, an increase of 1.19 percentage points from 2021 [2] - Grassland vegetation coverage remains stable at over 45%, with wetland area around 70 million acres, continuously reinforcing ecological security functions [2]