Core Points - The article highlights the courageous efforts of overseas Chinese workers, known as "Nanyang Mechanic Workers," who returned to China to support the war effort during the Second Sino-Japanese War [1][3][6] - It focuses on the stories of individuals like Li Yuemei and Bai Xuejiao, who defied gender norms and familial expectations to contribute to the anti-Japanese resistance [6][9][18] Group 1: Recruitment and Participation - In October 1938, the South Overseas Chinese Association issued a recruitment notice for drivers and mechanics, leading to over 3,200 volunteers returning to China [1] - Li Yuemei, originally named Li Yuemei, disguised herself as a man to join the mechanics after being initially rejected due to her gender [7][9] - Bai Xuejiao also joined the ranks of the mechanics, changing her name to Shi Xia Gui, symbolizing her commitment to returning to her homeland [14][19] Group 2: Contributions and Recognition - Li Yuemei earned the trust of her peers through her bravery and resourcefulness while transporting weapons and medical supplies, even facing enemy air raids [9] - Bai Xuejiao wrote a heartfelt farewell letter to her parents, expressing her love for her family and her dedication to her country, which resonated with many overseas Chinese [18][19] - Both women received significant recognition for their contributions, with Li Yuemei being compared to the legendary Hua Mulan and receiving accolades from prominent figures [9][10] Group 3: Post-War Impact - After the war, Bai Xuejiao returned to Malaysia and became a school principal, symbolizing the enduring legacy of her contributions to the anti-Japanese efforts [19] - The stories of these women are commemorated in various media, including a radio drama titled "Nanyang Red Son," which reflects on their sacrifices and dedication [22][24]

Core Points - The article highlights the historical significance of a radio and a newspaper created by the overseas Chinese community in Heshun during the Second Sino-Japanese War, showcasing their patriotism and efforts to disseminate information about the war [1][2][3] Group 1: Historical Context - The radio, donated by a young man named Yin Dadian, became a vital source of information for the local community, connecting them to the broader national struggle against Japanese aggression [1] - The newspaper, initially published every three days, evolved into a daily publication due to the increasing demand for news as the war intensified [2] Group 2: Community Engagement - The local population actively engaged with the news, gathering to listen to broadcasts and read summaries, which fostered a sense of urgency and collective action against the national crisis [2][3] - The establishment of the "Tengyue Daily" by Li Shengzhuang further enriched the local media landscape, providing in-depth analysis and commentary on the war [3] Group 3: Cultural Significance - The efforts of the Heshun community reflect a deep cultural commitment to education and national identity, as evidenced by their ability to establish a private library and produce their own news [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the anti-Japanese resistance efforts of Taiwanese sisters Su Jing and Su Qun during the Second Sino-Japanese War, showcasing their transformation from students to revolutionary fighters [1][3]. Group 1: Background and Early Life - Su Jing was born in 1921 in Tianjin, with her father, Shu Boyan, being a Taiwanese doctor who provided free medical care to the poor [3]. - The outbreak of the "July 7 Incident" in 1937 led Su Jing and her sister to actively participate in anti-Japanese activities, including strikes and street performances [3][4]. Group 2: Educational Influence and Activism - The sisters were influenced by their education at a church school that promoted traditional gender roles, which sparked their outrage and led them to organize underground reading groups [4]. - They created a publication titled "Women's Roar" to express their anti-Japanese sentiments and shared progressive literature [4]. Group 3: Journey to the Frontlines - In 1939, the sisters attempted to leave home to join the anti-Japanese base but were caught and returned by their mother [5]. - Their second attempt in 1940 was successful, as they disguised themselves as students and traveled through enemy-occupied areas to reach the anti-Japanese base [5][6]. Group 4: Contributions and Legacy - At the anti-Japanese base, Su Jing was assigned to study at a party school and later worked in the local public security bureau, while Su Qun became a translator for a newspaper [6]. - After the war, Su Jing lived in Xinjiang and Dalian, where she continued to embody the values of her revolutionary past, receiving commemorative medals for her contributions [6].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Li Zhenghua, a notable anti-Japanese hero, emphasizing his dedication to education, healthcare, and armed resistance during the Japanese invasion of China [2][3][4]. Group 1: Early Life and Contributions - Li Zhenghua, originally named Li Lianxiu, was born in 1905 in a wealthy family in Taian County, where he demonstrated a strong sense of justice and community service by founding a free school and a traditional medicine shop for the poor [2]. - He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1937, motivated by the dire circumstances faced by the people during the 1930s [2]. Group 2: Military Engagement - After the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, Li Zhenghua abandoned his civilian life to organize armed resistance, leading a group of guerrilla fighters in various battles, including the Feicheng battle and the night raid at Jieshou [3]. - His leadership significantly boosted the morale of local military and civilians, leading to the formation of a well-known self-defense group that attracted other resistance forces [3]. Group 3: Legacy and Commemoration - Following his death in 1941, Li Zhenghua was honored with a memorial service, and his remains were later moved to the Taian Revolutionary Martyrs' Cemetery [4]. - His legacy continues through educational initiatives, such as the establishment of a memorial museum in his hometown, which serves as a patriotic education base, attracting numerous visitors annually [4].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the historical significance of the Baisha Anti-Japanese Base as a core area for resisting Japanese invasion and the brutal rule of the Kuomintang, emphasizing the local ethnic groups' struggle for liberation and the establishment of revolutionary movements in the region [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Context - The Baisha region, home to the Li and Miao ethnic groups, faced oppression under Kuomintang rule and later Japanese occupation starting in February 1939 [1]. - The Kuomintang government retreated to Baisha to preserve its strength as Japanese forces advanced across Hainan Island [1]. Group 2: Formation of Revolutionary Movements - The establishment of the first Communist Party branch at the Gaoshi Transportation Station in Baisha marked the beginning of organized resistance against Japanese and Kuomintang forces [3]. - The local population, under the leadership of figures like Zhou Tangzhen, formed the People's Anti-Japanese Salvation Command in 1941, which led to the growth of armed resistance [4]. Group 3: The Baisha Uprising - The Baisha Uprising began on August 12, 1943, when over 4,000 local ethnic people, led by various leaders, launched an attack against the Kuomintang government [6]. - The uprising initially succeeded in driving out Kuomintang forces, with participation swelling to over 20,000 by August 26, 1943 [6]. Group 4: Establishment of the Anti-Japanese Base - By 1945, the establishment of the Baisha Anti-Japanese Base was solidified with the formation of local anti-Japanese democratic governments in multiple villages, marking a significant step in the liberation struggle [9]. - The successful expulsion of Kuomintang forces from Baisha by August 1945 laid the groundwork for the creation of a revolutionary base in the Wuzhi Mountain area [9].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Peng Tainong, a revolutionary martyr from Huizhou, Guangdong, who played a significant role in anti-Japanese activities during the Second Sino-Japanese War, emphasizing his legacy and the ongoing efforts to honor his memory in his hometown [1][2][3][4]. Group 1: Early Life and Activism - Peng Tainong was born in 1915 in Huizhou, Guangdong, and became involved in progressive movements during his youth, organizing anti-Japanese propaganda after the September 18 Incident [1]. - He joined the Chinese Communist Party in early 1937 and actively called for unity against Japanese aggression through various publications and community organizations [2]. Group 2: Contributions During the War - Peng Tainong played a pivotal role in establishing the Huizhou Central Branch of the Communist Party and led initiatives to mobilize local youth for anti-Japanese efforts, including the formation of the Huizhou Children's Anti-Japanese Cadre Training Class [2][3]. - He was instrumental in creating secret communication points and publishing propaganda materials to raise awareness about the anti-Japanese cause, significantly contributing to the local resistance movement [3]. Group 3: Legacy and Commemoration - In 2015, Peng Tainong was recognized as one of the notable anti-Japanese heroes by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and his story is actively preserved and promoted in his hometown [4]. - Local initiatives, including the repair of his former residence and the establishment of a "Little Guide" team, aim to instill his revolutionary spirit in future generations and enhance community development [4].

Core Viewpoint - The exhibition commemorates the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Anti-Japanese War, showcasing rare newspapers that document the historical events from the September 18 Incident to the victory in 1945, emphasizing the role of journalism in uniting the nation during times of crisis [3][4][5]. Group 1: Historical Significance of Newspapers - The newspapers on display serve as invaluable historical witnesses, published under extreme conditions, reflecting the dedication of journalists during the war [4]. - The exhibition highlights the importance of these newspapers in documenting the collective memory and spirit of the Chinese people during the Anti-Japanese War [4][5]. - The coverage of significant events, such as Japan's unconditional surrender, illustrates the urgency and responsibility of the press in informing the public [5][7]. Group 2: Key Events and Publications - On August 15, 1945, the headline "Japan Surrendered!" in the Dagongbao newspaper captured the excitement of the public, marking a pivotal moment in Chinese history [5]. - The Xinhua Daily published three special editions on August 10-11, 1945, announcing key developments leading to Japan's surrender, showcasing the rapid dissemination of crucial information [7][9]. - The exhibition features notable articles, including Mao Zedong's statements and the military orders issued following Japan's surrender, highlighting the role of the press in shaping public sentiment and military strategy [10][12]. Group 3: The Role of Journalism in the War - During the Anti-Japanese War, newspapers became essential in conveying war information, fostering patriotism, and promoting anti-Japanese sentiments among the populace [15][19]. - The Dagongbao and other publications maintained a commitment to reporting truthfully despite censorship and threats, exemplifying the resilience of the press [22][29]. - The exhibition underscores the collaborative efforts of various newspapers in mobilizing public support for the war effort and documenting the struggles faced by the Chinese people [28][34].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Xian Xinghai, emphasizing his role as a musician who used music as a weapon for national resistance during the Anti-Japanese War, particularly through his iconic work "Yellow River Cantata" [1][3][5]. Group 1: Background and Early Life - Xian Xinghai was born on June 13, 1905, in a poor family in Macau and studied music at various institutions including Lingnan University and the National Music Academy in Shanghai [3]. - He developed a deep sympathy for the working class and questioned the purpose of music, advocating for music that serves the common people rather than the elite [3]. Group 2: Involvement in Anti-Japanese War - After returning to China in 1935, Xian joined the Shanghai Drama Association's anti-Japanese efforts and participated in a series of performances to promote national resistance [5]. - Following the outbreak of the full-scale war, he organized mass singing movements and created numerous anti-Japanese songs, with "To the Enemy's Rear" being one of the most popular [5][7]. Group 3: Creation of "Yellow River Cantata" - Inspired by the poem "Yellow River Ode," Xian composed "Yellow River Cantata" over six days and nights during the Wuhan Campaign, which became a powerful anthem for the Chinese people's resistance [7][9]. - The cantata premiered in April 1939 and was met with strong acclaim, symbolizing the collective spirit of the Chinese people during the war [9]. Group 4: Later Life and Legacy - In 1940, Xian participated in the production of a documentary in Moscow and later integrated Kazakh musical elements into his works while in Kazakhstan [11]. - He passed away in Moscow in 1945, and his contributions were honored in both China and Kazakhstan, with a street named after him in Almaty, symbolizing the enduring friendship between the two nations [13].

Core Viewpoint - Xian Xinghai used music as a weapon to express the people's call for resistance during the war, with his masterpiece "Yellow River Cantata" symbolizing the indomitable spirit of the Chinese nation [1][17]. Group 1: Background and Early Life - Xian Xinghai was born on June 13, 1905, in a poor family in Macau, originally from Panyu County, Guangdong [3]. - He studied music at Lingnan University, Peking University Music Institute, and Shanghai National Conservatory of Music [3]. Group 2: Political Awakening and Musical Philosophy - During his youth, Xian developed a deep sympathy for the working class and questioned the purpose of music, advocating for music that serves the masses rather than the elite [4]. - In 1929, he went to Paris for further studies, where he was influenced by the political and social changes of the time, leading to a revolutionary mindset [6]. Group 3: Contribution to Anti-Japanese War - After returning to China in 1935, he joined the Shanghai Drama Association's anti-Japanese performance team, actively participating in cultural resistance efforts [6][8]. - Following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, he toured various locations to promote anti-Japanese sentiments through music, creating numerous patriotic songs [8][10]. Group 4: Creation of "Yellow River Cantata" - Inspired by the poem "Yellow River Ode," Xian composed "Yellow River Cantata" over six days in a cave, which became a powerful anthem for the Chinese people's resistance [12][17]. - The cantata was first performed in April 1939 and resonated deeply with the public, symbolizing the collective spirit of the nation [21][25]. Group 5: Legacy and Impact - "Yellow River Cantata" became a rallying cry for countless individuals, motivating them to join the front lines of the anti-Japanese war [11][19]. - Xian Xinghai's understanding of music evolved to represent not only Chinese resistance but also a broader anti-fascist sentiment, uniting the global proletariat [29]. - He passed away in Moscow in 1945, leaving behind a legacy that was honored by various figures, including Mao Zedong [31].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Nie Er, the composer of the national anthem of the People's Republic of China, "March of the Volunteers," emphasizing his patriotic spirit and dedication to the nation during a time of crisis [1][21]. Group 1: Background and Early Life - Nie Er, originally named Nie Shouxin, was born in February 1912 in a traditional Chinese medicine family in Kunming, showing exceptional talent and passion for music from a young age [5]. - He attended Yunnan Provincial First Normal School, a center for student movements, where he became politically aware and engaged in revolutionary activities [5][7]. - The violent political climate, particularly the "April 12 Incident" in 1927, deeply affected him, leading to a strong desire to contribute to national salvation [5][7]. Group 2: Political Engagement and Musical Career - In 1928, at the age of 16, Nie Er secretly joined the Chinese Communist Youth League, aligning his life with revolutionary ideals [7]. - His experiences during the turbulent times fueled his passion for creating music that resonated with the struggles of the people, leading him to advocate for revolutionary music and dance [11][13]. - After joining the Chinese Communist Party in 1933, he became a pioneer of new Chinese music and an anti-fascist cultural fighter, marking the beginning of his significant musical contributions [15]. Group 3: Notable Works and Legacy - Nie Er created several influential songs that captured the spirit of the working class and the youth, such as "The Road Song," "Pioneer," and "Graduation Song," which inspired many to engage in revolutionary activities [19]. - In early 1935, he composed "March of the Volunteers" for the film "Sons and Daughters in a Time of Storm," which became a rallying cry for the Chinese people against Japanese aggression [21]. - The anthem was first played on October 1, 1949, during the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China, symbolizing national unity and resilience [22].