Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Li Zhenghua, a notable anti-Japanese hero, emphasizing his dedication to education, healthcare, and armed resistance during the Japanese invasion of China [2][3][4]. Group 1: Early Life and Contributions - Li Zhenghua, originally named Li Lianxiu, was born in 1905 in a wealthy family in Taian County, where he demonstrated a strong sense of justice and community service by founding a free school and a traditional medicine shop for the poor [2]. - He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1937, motivated by the dire circumstances faced by the people during the 1930s [2]. Group 2: Military Engagement - After the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, Li Zhenghua abandoned his civilian life to organize armed resistance, leading a group of guerrilla fighters in various battles, including the Feicheng battle and the night raid at Jieshou [3]. - His leadership significantly boosted the morale of local military and civilians, leading to the formation of a well-known self-defense group that attracted other resistance forces [3]. Group 3: Legacy and Commemoration - Following his death in 1941, Li Zhenghua was honored with a memorial service, and his remains were later moved to the Taian Revolutionary Martyrs' Cemetery [4]. - His legacy continues through educational initiatives, such as the establishment of a memorial museum in his hometown, which serves as a patriotic education base, attracting numerous visitors annually [4].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the historical significance of the Baisha Anti-Japanese Base as a core area for resisting Japanese invasion and the brutal rule of the Kuomintang, emphasizing the local ethnic groups' struggle for liberation and the establishment of revolutionary movements in the region [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Context - The Baisha region, home to the Li and Miao ethnic groups, faced oppression under Kuomintang rule and later Japanese occupation starting in February 1939 [1]. - The Kuomintang government retreated to Baisha to preserve its strength as Japanese forces advanced across Hainan Island [1]. Group 2: Formation of Revolutionary Movements - The establishment of the first Communist Party branch at the Gaoshi Transportation Station in Baisha marked the beginning of organized resistance against Japanese and Kuomintang forces [3]. - The local population, under the leadership of figures like Zhou Tangzhen, formed the People's Anti-Japanese Salvation Command in 1941, which led to the growth of armed resistance [4]. Group 3: The Baisha Uprising - The Baisha Uprising began on August 12, 1943, when over 4,000 local ethnic people, led by various leaders, launched an attack against the Kuomintang government [6]. - The uprising initially succeeded in driving out Kuomintang forces, with participation swelling to over 20,000 by August 26, 1943 [6]. Group 4: Establishment of the Anti-Japanese Base - By 1945, the establishment of the Baisha Anti-Japanese Base was solidified with the formation of local anti-Japanese democratic governments in multiple villages, marking a significant step in the liberation struggle [9]. - The successful expulsion of Kuomintang forces from Baisha by August 1945 laid the groundwork for the creation of a revolutionary base in the Wuzhi Mountain area [9].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Peng Tainong, a revolutionary martyr from Huizhou, Guangdong, who played a significant role in anti-Japanese activities during the Second Sino-Japanese War, emphasizing his legacy and the ongoing efforts to honor his memory in his hometown [1][2][3][4]. Group 1: Early Life and Activism - Peng Tainong was born in 1915 in Huizhou, Guangdong, and became involved in progressive movements during his youth, organizing anti-Japanese propaganda after the September 18 Incident [1]. - He joined the Chinese Communist Party in early 1937 and actively called for unity against Japanese aggression through various publications and community organizations [2]. Group 2: Contributions During the War - Peng Tainong played a pivotal role in establishing the Huizhou Central Branch of the Communist Party and led initiatives to mobilize local youth for anti-Japanese efforts, including the formation of the Huizhou Children's Anti-Japanese Cadre Training Class [2][3]. - He was instrumental in creating secret communication points and publishing propaganda materials to raise awareness about the anti-Japanese cause, significantly contributing to the local resistance movement [3]. Group 3: Legacy and Commemoration - In 2015, Peng Tainong was recognized as one of the notable anti-Japanese heroes by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and his story is actively preserved and promoted in his hometown [4]. - Local initiatives, including the repair of his former residence and the establishment of a "Little Guide" team, aim to instill his revolutionary spirit in future generations and enhance community development [4].

Core Viewpoint - The exhibition commemorates the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Anti-Japanese War, showcasing rare newspapers that document the historical events from the September 18 Incident to the victory in 1945, emphasizing the role of journalism in uniting the nation during times of crisis [3][4][5]. Group 1: Historical Significance of Newspapers - The newspapers on display serve as invaluable historical witnesses, published under extreme conditions, reflecting the dedication of journalists during the war [4]. - The exhibition highlights the importance of these newspapers in documenting the collective memory and spirit of the Chinese people during the Anti-Japanese War [4][5]. - The coverage of significant events, such as Japan's unconditional surrender, illustrates the urgency and responsibility of the press in informing the public [5][7]. Group 2: Key Events and Publications - On August 15, 1945, the headline "Japan Surrendered!" in the Dagongbao newspaper captured the excitement of the public, marking a pivotal moment in Chinese history [5]. - The Xinhua Daily published three special editions on August 10-11, 1945, announcing key developments leading to Japan's surrender, showcasing the rapid dissemination of crucial information [7][9]. - The exhibition features notable articles, including Mao Zedong's statements and the military orders issued following Japan's surrender, highlighting the role of the press in shaping public sentiment and military strategy [10][12]. Group 3: The Role of Journalism in the War - During the Anti-Japanese War, newspapers became essential in conveying war information, fostering patriotism, and promoting anti-Japanese sentiments among the populace [15][19]. - The Dagongbao and other publications maintained a commitment to reporting truthfully despite censorship and threats, exemplifying the resilience of the press [22][29]. - The exhibition underscores the collaborative efforts of various newspapers in mobilizing public support for the war effort and documenting the struggles faced by the Chinese people [28][34].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Xian Xinghai, emphasizing his role as a musician who used music as a weapon for national resistance during the Anti-Japanese War, particularly through his iconic work "Yellow River Cantata" [1][3][5]. Group 1: Background and Early Life - Xian Xinghai was born on June 13, 1905, in a poor family in Macau and studied music at various institutions including Lingnan University and the National Music Academy in Shanghai [3]. - He developed a deep sympathy for the working class and questioned the purpose of music, advocating for music that serves the common people rather than the elite [3]. Group 2: Involvement in Anti-Japanese War - After returning to China in 1935, Xian joined the Shanghai Drama Association's anti-Japanese efforts and participated in a series of performances to promote national resistance [5]. - Following the outbreak of the full-scale war, he organized mass singing movements and created numerous anti-Japanese songs, with "To the Enemy's Rear" being one of the most popular [5][7]. Group 3: Creation of "Yellow River Cantata" - Inspired by the poem "Yellow River Ode," Xian composed "Yellow River Cantata" over six days and nights during the Wuhan Campaign, which became a powerful anthem for the Chinese people's resistance [7][9]. - The cantata premiered in April 1939 and was met with strong acclaim, symbolizing the collective spirit of the Chinese people during the war [9]. Group 4: Later Life and Legacy - In 1940, Xian participated in the production of a documentary in Moscow and later integrated Kazakh musical elements into his works while in Kazakhstan [11]. - He passed away in Moscow in 1945, and his contributions were honored in both China and Kazakhstan, with a street named after him in Almaty, symbolizing the enduring friendship between the two nations [13].

Core Viewpoint - Xian Xinghai used music as a weapon to express the people's call for resistance during the war, with his masterpiece "Yellow River Cantata" symbolizing the indomitable spirit of the Chinese nation [1][17]. Group 1: Background and Early Life - Xian Xinghai was born on June 13, 1905, in a poor family in Macau, originally from Panyu County, Guangdong [3]. - He studied music at Lingnan University, Peking University Music Institute, and Shanghai National Conservatory of Music [3]. Group 2: Political Awakening and Musical Philosophy - During his youth, Xian developed a deep sympathy for the working class and questioned the purpose of music, advocating for music that serves the masses rather than the elite [4]. - In 1929, he went to Paris for further studies, where he was influenced by the political and social changes of the time, leading to a revolutionary mindset [6]. Group 3: Contribution to Anti-Japanese War - After returning to China in 1935, he joined the Shanghai Drama Association's anti-Japanese performance team, actively participating in cultural resistance efforts [6][8]. - Following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, he toured various locations to promote anti-Japanese sentiments through music, creating numerous patriotic songs [8][10]. Group 4: Creation of "Yellow River Cantata" - Inspired by the poem "Yellow River Ode," Xian composed "Yellow River Cantata" over six days in a cave, which became a powerful anthem for the Chinese people's resistance [12][17]. - The cantata was first performed in April 1939 and resonated deeply with the public, symbolizing the collective spirit of the nation [21][25]. Group 5: Legacy and Impact - "Yellow River Cantata" became a rallying cry for countless individuals, motivating them to join the front lines of the anti-Japanese war [11][19]. - Xian Xinghai's understanding of music evolved to represent not only Chinese resistance but also a broader anti-fascist sentiment, uniting the global proletariat [29]. - He passed away in Moscow in 1945, leaving behind a legacy that was honored by various figures, including Mao Zedong [31].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the life and contributions of Nie Er, the composer of the national anthem of the People's Republic of China, "March of the Volunteers," emphasizing his patriotic spirit and dedication to the nation during a time of crisis [1][21]. Group 1: Background and Early Life - Nie Er, originally named Nie Shouxin, was born in February 1912 in a traditional Chinese medicine family in Kunming, showing exceptional talent and passion for music from a young age [5]. - He attended Yunnan Provincial First Normal School, a center for student movements, where he became politically aware and engaged in revolutionary activities [5][7]. - The violent political climate, particularly the "April 12 Incident" in 1927, deeply affected him, leading to a strong desire to contribute to national salvation [5][7]. Group 2: Political Engagement and Musical Career - In 1928, at the age of 16, Nie Er secretly joined the Chinese Communist Youth League, aligning his life with revolutionary ideals [7]. - His experiences during the turbulent times fueled his passion for creating music that resonated with the struggles of the people, leading him to advocate for revolutionary music and dance [11][13]. - After joining the Chinese Communist Party in 1933, he became a pioneer of new Chinese music and an anti-fascist cultural fighter, marking the beginning of his significant musical contributions [15]. Group 3: Notable Works and Legacy - Nie Er created several influential songs that captured the spirit of the working class and the youth, such as "The Road Song," "Pioneer," and "Graduation Song," which inspired many to engage in revolutionary activities [19]. - In early 1935, he composed "March of the Volunteers" for the film "Sons and Daughters in a Time of Storm," which became a rallying cry for the Chinese people against Japanese aggression [21]. - The anthem was first played on October 1, 1949, during the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China, symbolizing national unity and resilience [22].

Core Points - The article highlights the historical significance of the song "Dadao Jinxingqu" (大刀进行曲) created by the musician Mai Xin during the Anti-Japanese War, emphasizing its role in uniting and inspiring the Chinese people against foreign aggression [1][5] - It details the journey of the Children's Theater, a progressive group led by the Communist Party, which traveled over 3,000 miles to promote anti-Japanese sentiments through music and drama [1][2] - The narrative also covers Mai Xin's personal experiences and emotional responses to the war, illustrating how these influenced his creative process in composing the song [2][3] Group 1 - The song "Dadao Jinxingqu" was inspired by the heroic actions of the National Revolutionary Army's "Dadao Team," particularly the story of a 19-year-old soldier who killed nine enemies [2] - Mai Xin's creative process involved multiple iterations of the lyrics and melodies, ultimately leading to a song that called for national unity and resistance against the Japanese invaders [3][4] - The song quickly gained popularity, being sung by countless anti-Japanese fighters and youth, becoming a rallying cry for the resistance [5] Group 2 - Mai Xin's journey included significant milestones, such as his enrollment in the Communist Party and his experiences in various locations like Wuhan and Chongqing during the war [6] - The article also reflects on the tragic fate of Mai Xin, who was killed in action in 1947, highlighting his dedication to the cause and the sacrifices made by many during this tumultuous period [6]

Core Viewpoint - The articles highlight the historical significance of the actions taken by Sun Mingwu and Sun Yaozu during the Anti-Japanese War, emphasizing their role in inspiring national resistance against oppression through their rallying cry "Arise" [1][2] Group 1: Historical Context - Sun Mingwu and Sun Yaozu sold their family property to fund their resistance efforts against Japanese invaders, demonstrating their commitment to the cause [1] - The brothers rallied over 400 soldiers in their hometown to fight back against the Japanese forces, marking a significant moment in the early stages of the Anti-Japanese War [1][2] Group 2: Cultural Impact - The phrase "Arise" became a powerful battle cry that resonated throughout the region, symbolizing the collective spirit of resistance among various volunteer armies [2] - The legacy of Sun Mingwu and Sun Yaozu is preserved in local history, with their contributions recognized as foundational to the national anthem of the Anti-Japanese movement [2]

他是清华学子，当民族危亡悬于一线时，他走上街头，发出抗日救亡的怒吼；他是抗日将领，当抗战形 势焦灼、国土相继沦陷时，他毅然奔赴鄂中农村，以"八条枪"为基础发展敌后游击武装，屡挫日伪气 焰，直至生命最后一刻。 在武汉市黄陂区木兰山南麓，抗日英烈杨学诚长眠于此。"读书时就听闻老学长的故事，如今来到他的 故乡工作，更能体会他那份抉择之重。"在黄陂参与基层工作的清华大学毕业生孙欣頔说。 "那时条件艰苦，二伯穿着生满跳蚤的旧衣服，和战士们挤在一间土房里工作。"杨学诚的侄子杨冬明讲 述，1939年，祖母得知儿子在应城驻防，带着子女步行6天前去探望。部队首长见其家贫，悄悄塞给杨 母两块银元。杨学诚得知后，恳请母亲退还："现在队伍困难，不能给组织添麻烦。" 九一八事变后，日本侵略者加紧对华北的争夺。然而，国民政府却一再妥协退让，极力压制抗日救亡运 动，刺痛了无数爱国青年的心。 1942年8月，杨学诚兼任新四军第五师鄂皖兵团政治委员，率部开辟鄂南抗日根据地。途经家乡黄陂 时，他动员青年参军。留宿家中当晚，母亲劝他早日娶妻，他却说："全国尚未解放，我哪有心思成 家？"并向家人许诺"等胜利了，一定接你们到武汉团聚"。然而，长期艰苦 ...