记者12月23日从中国科学技术大学获悉，该校教授潘建伟、朱晓波、彭承志和副教授陈福升等，基于超 导量子处理器"祖冲之3.2号"在码距为7的表面码上实现了低于纠错阈值的量子纠错，使得我国达到 了"低于阈值，越纠越对"的关键里程碑，为未来大规模容错量子计算奠定关键技术基础。 实现容错通用量子计算机的必要条件是通过量子纠错抑制量子比特的错误率以满足大规模集成的要求。 表面码是目前最成熟的量子纠错方案之一。通过表面码将多个物理量子比特编码成一个逻辑量子比特， 原理上随着物理比特数目（即码距）的增加，逻辑比特的错误率能够不断降低。 然而，量子纠错需要引入大量额外的量子比特和量子门操作，导致更多的噪声源和错误通道。如果物理 量子比特的原始错误率过高，增大纠错码距带来的额外错误反而会淹没纠错带来的收益，导致"越纠越 错"。在所有错误类型中，"泄漏错误"尤为致命——量子比特会脱离预定的计算能级，进入无法通过表 面码直接纠正的无效状态。随着系统规模的扩大，泄漏错误的累积效应将成为阻碍纠错性能提升的主要 瓶颈。 实验结果显示，逻辑错误率随码距增加显著下降，错误抑制因子达到1.4，证明了系统已工作在纠错阈 值之下，成功达到了"越纠 ...

研究人员表示，全微波量子态泄漏抑制架构具有天然的频分复用特性，在硬件效率和扩展性上较谷歌的 技术路线具有显著优势，为未来构建百万比特级量子计算机提供了一种更具优势的解决方案。 记者23日从中国科学技术大学获悉，该校潘建伟、朱晓波、彭承志教授和副教授陈福升等，基于超导量 子处理器"祖冲之3.2号"在码距为7的表面码上实现了低于纠错阈值的量子纠错，演示了逻辑错误率随码 距增加而显著下降。这一成果使得我国达到了"低于阈值，越纠越对"的关键里程碑，同时也开辟了一条 较美国谷歌公司更为高效的"全微波控制"新路径，为未来大规模容错量子计算奠定关键技术基础。12月 22日，该成果以封面论文和"编辑推荐"的形式发表于《物理评论快报》，美国物理学会《物理》栏目进 行专题报道。 实现容错通用量子计算机的必要条件是通过量子纠错抑制量子比特的错误率以满足大规模集成的要求。 表面码是目前最成熟的量子纠错方案之一。然而，量子纠错需要引入大量额外的量子比特和量子门操 作，导致更多的噪声源和错误通道。如果物理量子比特的原始错误率过高，增大纠错码距带来的额外错 误反而会淹没纠错带来的收益，导致"越纠越错"。其中，"泄漏错误"尤为致命——随着系 ...

Macro News - A-shares have set a new record with total annual trading volume exceeding 405 trillion yuan, marking the first time it has surpassed 400 trillion yuan in history. The average turnover rate for the year is close to 1.74%, potentially reaching a new high since 2016. Notably, 19 stocks have recorded annual trading volumes exceeding 1 trillion yuan, with companies like Zhongji Xuchuang and Dongfang Caifu exceeding 2 trillion yuan [1] - The Loan Prime Rate (LPR) has remained unchanged for seven consecutive months, with the one-year LPR at 3.0% and the five-year LPR at 3.5%. Analysts suggest that the stability in policy rates and slight increases in market financing costs have led to a lack of motivation for banks to lower LPR quotes [1] - Economic growth may face downward pressure in Q1 2026 due to changes in growth momentum and high base effects from the previous year. Monetary policy is expected to enter a more active phase, with potential interest rate cuts anticipated to stimulate financing demand [2] - According to CME's "Fed Watch," there is an 80.1% probability that the Federal Reserve will maintain interest rates in January 2024, with a 19.9% chance of a 25 basis point cut [3] Industry News - Shanghai aims to achieve significant breakthroughs in synthetic biological food creation by 2027, enhancing the digital manufacturing level of food. The plan includes developing 3-5 new food raw materials and establishing a standard system for food industry development [4] - The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration have set a target for solar thermal power generation to reach a total installed capacity of approximately 15 million kilowatts by 2030, with costs comparable to coal power. The industry aims for international leadership and self-sufficiency [5] - Research on quantum error correction has made significant progress, bringing practical quantum computing closer. This achievement is a key milestone in validating the transition from prototype to practical quantum computing systems [6][7] Sector Insights - CITIC Securities reports that liquid cooling solutions are becoming the mainstream technology for energy-saving in data centers, with the global liquid cooling market expected to reach $21.8 billion by 2027. Domestic manufacturers are poised to benefit from the growing demand for AI data center liquid cooling [8] - Dongxing Securities notes that the domestic automotive market is experiencing accelerated electrification and the rise of independent brands, with a shift in competition towards intelligent features. Leading companies in data training and intelligent driving ecosystems are expected to capture more market share [8] - Guotai Junan Securities anticipates that precious metals will experience upward fluctuations due to the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts, with expectations of continued liquidity in the market leading to stable price increases for precious metals [8]

中国科学技术大学教授朱晓波介绍，这类似于很多人来投票，只有每个人的判断都是准确的， 投出来的票才是准确的，否则随着投票人的增多，投出来的票反而更加不准确。因此让每个人 投票的准确度高于一个阈值，才能使团队的优势得以发挥，也就是随着比特数目的增加，越纠 越对。 据央视新闻，记 者从中国科学技术大学获悉，基于超导量子处理器"祖冲之3.2号"， 潘建伟院士团 队在量子纠错方向上实现了"低于阈值，越纠越对"的重大进展，为量子计算机走向实用奠定了重要 基础。 相关成果12月22日在国际学术期刊《物理评论快报》发表。 2025年，中国科学技术大学基于107比特"祖冲之3.2号"量子处理器，提出并实现了全新的"全 微波量子态泄漏抑制架构"。"祖冲之3.2号"处理器在单比特门、两比特门的操纵精度以及读取 准确率方面的性能较前代处理器得以全方位提升。在性能提升的基础上，科研团队结合全微波 量子态泄漏抑制架构，实现了码距为7的表面码逻辑比特，逻辑错误率随码距增加显著下降， 证明了系统已工作在纠错阈值之下，成功实现了"越纠越对"的目标。 准确 快速 权威 专业 7x24h电报 头条新闻 实时盯盘 VIP资讯 据介绍，实现"低于阈值 ...

每经AI快讯，12月22日，记者从中国科学技术大学获悉，基于超导量子处理器"祖冲之3.2号"，潘建伟 院士团队在量子纠错方向上实现了"低于阈值，越纠越对"的重大进展，为量子计算机走向实用奠定了重 要基础。相关成果22日在国际学术期刊《物理评论快报》发表。据介绍，实现"低于阈值"的量子纠错是 全球量子计算领域长期追寻的核心目标，也是验证量子计算系统能否从原型机走向实用化的关键里程碑 之一。这一新的技术路线，也为未来构建百万比特级量子计算机提供了一种更具优势的解决方案。 (央 视新闻) ...

据介绍，实现"低于阈值"的量子纠错是全球量子计算领域长期追寻的核心目标，也是验证量子计算系统 能否从原型机走向实用化的关键里程碑之一。这一新的技术路线，也为未来构建百万比特级量子计算机 提供了一种更具优势的解决方案。 人民财讯12月22日电，记者从中国科学技术大学获悉，基于超导量子处理器"祖冲之3.2号"，潘建伟院 士团队在量子纠错方向上实现了"低于阈值，越纠越对"的重大进展，为量子计算机走向实用奠定了重要 基础。相关成果22日在国际学术期刊《物理评论快报》发表。 ...

Core Insights - IBM has made significant progress in the commercialization of quantum computing by successfully running a key quantum error correction algorithm on existing AMD chips, achieving a speed that is ten times faster than required [2][4] - This breakthrough allows quantum error correction to be implemented without the need for expensive GPU clusters, utilizing FPGA chips instead, which enhances scalability and cost-effectiveness [2][4] Company Impact - Following the announcement, AMD's stock price rose by 7.63%, increasing its market capitalization by $29 billion to $410 billion, which is approximately 1/11th of Nvidia's market cap [5] - IBM also experienced a market cap increase of $20.9 billion, bringing its total to $286.4 billion [7] Quantum Computing Challenges - The algorithm addresses one of the core challenges in quantum computing: the fragility and high error rates of quantum bits (qubits) [10] - Quantum bits are highly unstable and can lose their quantum properties due to environmental factors, a process known as "decoherence" [11][12] Quantum Error Correction Mechanism - To overcome the challenges of qubit instability, quantum error correction codes (QECC) are employed, which use multiple unstable physical qubits to encode a stable logical qubit [14] - The process involves auxiliary qubits performing "ancillary measurements" to detect errors without destroying the quantum information encoded in the logical qubit [15] - The measurement results are sent to a classical processor that runs a decoding algorithm to identify and correct errors, which must be completed within tens of microseconds to prevent loss of quantum information [16][17] FPGA Advantage - The use of FPGA chips is crucial as they can respond in nanoseconds, making them thousands of times faster than traditional software decoding methods [18] - IBM's original plan to develop the Starling quantum computer by 2029 has been accelerated to 2028 due to this breakthrough [19]

Core Insights - Quantum computing is at a pivotal point transitioning from "scientific fantasy" to industrial application, driven by breakthroughs in quantum error correction (QEC) technology [3][5][9] - The industry is focusing on two main paths: commercializing specialized quantum machines and developing hybrid quantum-classical algorithms [3][5] - Major players have outlined clear roadmaps for developing logical qubits, with Quantinuum aiming for 100 logical qubits by 2027 and IBM planning to deliver a system with 200 logical qubits by 2029 [7][9] Quantum Computing Development Stages - The current stage of quantum computing is Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ), where quantum computers contain dozens to thousands of physical qubits but are limited by environmental noise [3] - The mid-term goal (around 2030) is to achieve practical quantum computing with error correction, significantly enhancing reliability [5][9] Key Technologies and Players - The six mainstream technology paths in quantum computing include superconducting, trapped ions, photonic, neutral atoms, topological, and spin qubits, each with its own advantages and challenges [34] - Superconducting and trapped ion technologies are currently leading in maturity and commercial viability, with IBM and IonQ being notable players [36][38] Quantum Error Correction - Quantum decoherence is a fundamental physical barrier to practical quantum computing, where qubits lose their quantum state due to environmental interactions [40][41] - Quantum error correction (QEC) aims to mitigate information loss due to decoherence by backing up quantum information across multiple physical qubits [43][44] - Recent advancements in QEC include Microsoft's 4D topological error correction code, which significantly reduces the number of physical qubits needed for error correction [45][46] Major Companies in Quantum Computing - The quantum computing landscape includes pure quantum companies like D-Wave, Rigetti, IonQ, and Quantum Computing, as well as tech giants like IBM, Google, Microsoft, and NVIDIA [48][50] - Notable private companies making strides in quantum computing include PsiQuantum, Quantinuum, and Xanadu, each pursuing different technological paths and commercialization strategies [51]

Group 1: Core Value of Quantum Computing - The value of quantum computing lies not in replacing existing computers but in its ability to solve problems that classical computers cannot, thereby creating new markets [1] - Investment opportunities in this field should prioritize technological strength, particularly the path to "fault-tolerant" computing, moving beyond merely increasing the number of physical qubits [1] Group 2: Google's Willow Chip - Google's Willow chip, set to be released in December 2024, demonstrates the scalability of quantum error correction, addressing a significant challenge in the field for nearly 30 years [2] - The achievement shows that as the scale of encoding increases, the logical error rate decreases exponentially, providing a clear experimental path for building large-scale, reliable fault-tolerant quantum computers [2] - Google showcased "quantum supremacy" by completing a computation in under 5 minutes that would take classical computers 1,025 years [2] Group 3: Applications of Quantum Computing - Future quantum computers will work alongside classical computers to form new supercomputing architectures, focusing on four core areas: 1) Quantum simulation for drug discovery and materials science, enabling unprecedented precision in simulating molecular behavior 2) Combinatorial optimization for finance and logistics to find optimal solutions among vast possibilities 3) Empowering artificial intelligence by processing complex models and high-dimensional data, potentially leading to exponential acceleration in machine learning 4) Algorithm-defined advantages in specific fields like cryptography using algorithms such as Shor's [3] Group 4: Technical Routes and Key Companies - The hardware solutions in quantum computing have not yet converged, with major players like Google and IBM advancing the superconducting route, leveraging breakthroughs in quantum error correction [4] - Companies like Rigetti and domestic firm Benyuan Quantum are agile challengers in the same field due to their unique chip manufacturing capabilities [4] - The "quality over quantity" philosophy has led to the emergence of high-potential paths, such as IonQ's ion trap technology, which boasts near-perfect qubit fidelity and full connectivity [4] - Other companies like Infleqtion (neutral quantum bits) and D-Wave (quantum annealing) are building unique technological barriers in their respective niches [4]

Core Insights - Quantum computing is currently in the early breakthrough stage, with quantum error correction being a key focus area [1][2] - The development landscape of quantum computing is characterized by diverse and open technological routes, including superconducting, ion trap, neutral atom, photonic, and silicon semiconductor technologies [1] - The industry ecosystem for quantum computing is gradually being established, with ongoing advancements in fundamental research, engineering development, and application exploration across multiple sectors [1] Quantum Security - China holds an absolute leading position in the field of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) technology, forming a comprehensive quantum secure communication industry chain [3] - Chinese institutions account for approximately 93% of the top 10 patent applicants in the global quantum communication field, indicating a strong competitive edge [3] Quantum Measurement - The quantum precision measurement industry is entering a diversified development phase, leveraging quantum states for enhanced measurement accuracy across various physical quantities [4] - The maturity of quantum sensors varies by physical quantity, contributing to the diversification of the industry [4] Investment Recommendation - GuoDun Quantum (688027.SH) is recommended as a key player in the quantum technology sector, being the only listed quantum technology company in China with a focus on quantum computing, quantum security, and quantum measurement [5]