新华社北京10月15日电 特稿｜应世界之变 答时代之问——习近平主席为全球治理体系变革提供思想 引领 新华社记者乔继红 朱瑞卿 阚静文 这是一个风云变幻的时代，一个日新月异的世界。 今年是联合国成立80周年、联合国2030年可持续发展议程提出10周年、《巴黎协定》达成10周年。在这 样一个特殊的历史和时代节点，世界呼唤新的担当和作为。 全球治理倡议，是深刻把握历史规律的选择。 两次世界大战的浩劫让国际社会痛定思痛，联合国于1945年10月宣告成立，寄托人类新愿景，为全球治 理掀开新的一页。风雨兼程80年，联合国已成为当今世界最具普遍性、代表性和权威性的政府间国际组 织，在全球治理中发挥着不可替代的重要作用。 习近平主席深刻指出，当今世界发生的各种对抗和不公，不是因为联合国宪章宗旨和原则过时了，而恰 恰是由于这些宗旨和原则未能得到有效履行。"国际形势越是变乱交织，我们越要坚持和维护联合国权 威""联合国是践行多边主义、推进全球治理的核心平台，作用只能加强，不能削弱"……全球治理倡议 的提出，就是要会同所有志同道合国家，坚定捍卫联合国宪章宗旨和原则，推动建设更加公正合理的全 球治理体系。 一边是世界多极化、经济全 ...

央视 5年前，习近平主席倡议在2025年召开全球妇女峰会。 全球妇女峰会 加速妇女全面发展新进程 时政新闻眼 w.574 金秋时节，这场峰会如约而至。10月13日上午，习主席在北京出席峰会开幕式并发表主旨讲话。这是习主席时隔十年，再次出席全球妇女峰会。 峰会有哪些重要背景？加速妇女全面发展新进程，习主席提出哪些新倡议新举措？《时政新闻眼》为你解读。 01 里程碑式的全球峰会 十月的北京，天朗气清，宾客如云。 数十位来自各大洲的国家元首和政府首脑、议会领导人、副总理和部长级官员、国际组织负责人及友好人士齐聚北京，出席全球妇女峰会。 北京，再次见证全球妇女事业发展的又一里程碑时刻。 t A △10月13日，全球妇女峰会开幕式在北京国家会议中心举行。（总台央视记者张宇拍摄） 30年前，联合国第四次世界妇女大会在北京举行。会议通过了具有里程碑意义的《北京宣言》和《行动纲领》，将性别平等刻入时代议程，成为指导全球妇 女事业的纲领性文件。 10年前，北京世界妇女大会召开20周年之际，习主席在纽约联合国总部出席并主持全球妇女峰会，提出促进全球妇女事业的四点重要主张。 5年前，习主席在联合国大会纪念北京世界妇女大会25周年高 ...

Core Points - The Global Women's Summit held in Beijing marks a significant moment in the development of women's rights and gender equality, reflecting on 30 years since the Beijing World Conference on Women [2][3][12] - President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of women's contributions to civilization and called for collective responsibility in advancing women's rights globally [3][12] - The summit reiterated the significance of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action as a roadmap for gender equality and women's empowerment [4][12] Group 1 - The summit gathered global attention, with representatives from various countries and organizations participating, highlighting China's role in promoting gender equality [2][5] - Xi Jinping proposed four key suggestions for advancing women's rights: creating a supportive environment for women's development, fostering strong momentum for high-quality development, establishing governance frameworks to protect women's rights, and promoting global cooperation [4][12] - The summit showcased China's commitment to digital empowerment for women, with over 6,600 rural women trained in digital skills through initiatives like the "Digital Mulan" program [6][12] Group 2 - The summit highlighted China's experience in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, positioning women as key players in these efforts [7][12] - Xi Jinping announced new practical measures, including funding for 1,000 small projects and the establishment of a Global Women's Capacity Building Center, to support women's development [10][12] - International leaders acknowledged China's leadership in promoting gender equality and shared their perspectives on the importance of collaboration and partnership in addressing global challenges [13][12]

Core Viewpoint - The current global governance system is facing significant challenges and requires reform to address global issues effectively [3][5]. Group 1: Global Governance Challenges - The world is experiencing instability and risks, a situation that has persisted for a long time, with fundamental changes in the global landscape ongoing [5]. - This uncertainty and instability are expected to last for at least 10 to 20 years [5]. Group 2: Rise of the Global South - The rise of Global South countries is a crucial phenomenon that should be viewed as a long-term process rather than a recent development [6]. - The emergence of these countries signifies a shift towards a new global governance system where developing nations, which represent the majority of the world's population, have a greater role in governance [6]. Group 3: China's Global Initiatives - China's recent global governance initiative is significant as it addresses the urgent need for a coherent governance framework amid current challenges [8]. - The sequence of China's four global initiatives reflects the changing global landscape, with the Global Development Initiative being the first due to China's focus on the rise of developing countries [8]. Group 4: China's Modernization and Global Impact - China's modernization is accelerating, with its innovations gaining global influence across various industries, including electric vehicles and artificial intelligence [11]. - China's modernization efforts are seen as beneficial to the world, exemplified by its cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road Initiative [11]. Group 5: China's Commitment to Green Development - China is committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by 7% to 10% from peak levels by 2035, showcasing its dedication to addressing climate change [13]. - The country is also providing green technology products globally, such as wind turbines and solar panels, contributing significantly to global efforts to reduce carbon emissions [13].

Core Viewpoint - The discussion revolves around the perception of China's military strength and its peaceful rise as a global economic power, emphasizing that military capability does not necessarily equate to military aggression [1][2]. Group 1: China's Military and Economic Position - China has not engaged in any wars since 1979, maintaining over 40 years of peace, which has contributed to its rise as the world's second-largest economy [1][2]. - The recent military parade in Tiananmen Square showcased China's military capabilities, but it is argued that this is part of a transparency effort rather than a signal of imminent aggression [1][4]. - China's defense spending is three times that of Russia, and it possesses the largest military force globally, yet it has not engaged in direct military conflict [5][10]. Group 2: U.S.-China Relations - The relationship between the U.S. and China is characterized as a mix of competition and cooperation, with China initially advocating for collaboration [4][12]. - The Taiwan issue is highlighted as a potential flashpoint for conflict, with comparisons drawn to the U.S. stance on Russia in the Ukraine conflict [5][7]. - There is a call for increased dialogue between the U.S. and China to avoid direct conflict, emphasizing the importance of communication in addressing mutual concerns [12][13]. Group 3: Global Influence and Strategy - China is positioned as a superpower, with its influence recognized even by Western leaders, indicating a shift in global power dynamics [2][4]. - The concept of "influence" is distinguished from "sphere of influence," suggesting that China does not seek to establish a hegemonic presence like the U.S. [11]. - China's global initiatives, such as the Belt and Road Initiative, are seen as significant investments aimed at fostering development and cooperation rather than military expansion [9][10].

Core Points - The fourth round of strategic dialogue between China and Switzerland was held on October 10, 2025, focusing on bilateral relations and international issues [1][2] - Both countries celebrated the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations and the 10th anniversary of their innovative strategic partnership, expressing commitment to further cooperation [1] - The China-Switzerland Free Trade Agreement, effective since 2014, has significantly contributed to bilateral economic cooperation, with both sides aiming to enhance the agreement [1] Bilateral Relations - The dialogue emphasized the importance of cultural, educational, and tourism exchanges to deepen mutual understanding and friendship [1] - Both parties agreed to utilize active bilateral dialogue mechanisms in various fields, including finance, human rights, and climate protection [2] Multilateral Cooperation - Both countries reaffirmed their support for multilateralism and the international order based on international law, expressing willingness to collaborate on platforms like the WTO [2] - Switzerland welcomed China's initiative to establish an International Mediation Institute, aiming to enhance cooperation in mediation [2] Global Governance Initiatives - Switzerland expressed support for President Xi Jinping's global governance initiatives, which aim to reform the global governance system, aligning with China's previous proposals [2] - Both countries' foreign ministers agreed to maintain close communication and hold regular strategic dialogues in each other's countries [2]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese delegation emphasizes the importance of multilateralism, international cooperation, and the need for reform in global governance to address the increasingly complex international security environment [1][2]. Group 1: International Security Environment - The current international security landscape is characterized by complexity and severity, with lingering Cold War mentalities, an ongoing arms race, and violations of fairness and justice [1]. - The Chinese representative calls for a firm defense of international fairness and justice, actively maintaining world peace, and opposing the jungle law of the strong preying on the weak [1]. Group 2: Nuclear Policy - China's nuclear policy is described as stable, continuous, and predictable, contributing to global strategic stability [2]. - China maintains a self-defense nuclear strategy, adheres to a no-first-use policy, and does not participate in arms races, keeping its nuclear capabilities at the minimum level necessary for national security [2]. - The country supports the foundational role of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and advocates for nuclear disarmament to proceed gradually while ensuring global strategic stability [2]. Group 3: Global Initiatives - China proposes the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, along with global development, security, civilization, and governance initiatives to address global challenges [1]. - The Chinese representative emphasizes that China's modernization is rooted in peaceful development, positioning China as a force for peace, stability, and progress in the world [2].

Core Points - The core message emphasizes the need for global cooperation to address increasing global challenges, advocating for a reform of the global governance system to enhance fairness and inclusivity [1][2][10]. Group 1: Global Governance Principles - Sovereign equality is highlighted as the primary premise for global governance, ensuring all countries participate equally regardless of size or wealth [3]. - The rule of international law is identified as the fundamental guarantee for global governance, advocating for equal application of international laws and norms [4]. - Multilateralism is presented as the essential path for global governance, opposing unilateralism and emphasizing the importance of the United Nations [5]. Group 2: Value Orientation and Action Principles - A people-centered approach is emphasized, ensuring that global governance benefits all nations and addresses pressing global issues like poverty and climate change [6][7]. - Action-oriented principles are stressed, advocating for coordinated global efforts to achieve tangible governance outcomes [8]. Group 3: Interconnected Global Initiatives - The global governance initiative is interconnected with the global development, security, and civilization initiatives, forming a comprehensive framework to tackle global challenges [9][11]. - The initiatives collectively address the "four deficits" of peace, development, security, and governance, providing a holistic approach to global issues [10][12]. Group 4: Implementation and Institutional Framework - The importance of institutional reform and strengthening multilateral platforms like the UN and WTO is underscored to enhance global governance effectiveness [16]. - Ensuring that global governance achieves new results is crucial, with a focus on meeting the expectations of developing countries and addressing their concerns [17].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the increasing threat of terrorism globally and the need for a unified international response to combat it [1][2] - China proposes three main initiatives to address terrorism: maintaining unified standards for international cooperation, adhering to the rule of law in anti-terrorism efforts, and adopting a systematic approach to eliminate the root causes of terrorism [1][2] Group 2 - The first initiative stresses the importance of a collective international effort against terrorism, rejecting double standards and political manipulation of anti-terrorism measures [1] - The second initiative calls for the enhancement of the legal framework for anti-terrorism, supporting the establishment of a comprehensive convention on international terrorism [2] - The third initiative highlights the need for a comprehensive strategy that addresses the underlying issues of terrorism, including poverty and conflict resolution, while also focusing on new threats like digital terrorism [2]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government emphasizes the need for a unified international approach to combat terrorism, advocating for global security and governance initiatives to address the rising threat of terrorism worldwide [1][2]. Group 1: Key Proposals by China - The first proposal is to adhere to unified standards and build international cooperation against terrorism, rejecting double standards and the politicization of anti-terrorism efforts [1]. - The second proposal focuses on upholding international law and enhancing the legal framework for counter-terrorism, supporting the development of a comprehensive convention on international terrorism [1]. - The third proposal advocates for a systematic approach to eliminate terrorism by addressing its root causes, promoting peaceful conflict resolution, and leveraging technology to combat new threats like digital terrorism [2]. Group 2: China's Position on Terrorism - China identifies itself as a victim of terrorism, specifically mentioning the "East Turkestan Islamic Movement" as a listed international terrorist organization responsible for attacks within China [2]. - The Chinese government calls for collective action against terrorist groups, particularly urging the inclusion of the "Baloch Liberation Army" and its "Majeed Brigade" in sanction lists [2]. - China expresses its willingness to collaborate with other nations to promote international counter-terrorism efforts under the concept of a shared human destiny [2].