热点 聚焦 蓝佛安：财政是国家治理的基础和重要支柱 01 5月1日出版的最新一期《求是》杂志，刊发财政部党组书记、部长蓝佛安的署名文 章《更加积极财政政策的科学设计与成功实践》，传递出积极财政政策设计的丰富 内容和实施重点。蓝佛安表示，财政是国家治理的基础和重要支柱。新时代以来， 面对错综复杂的国内外发展环境，习近平总书记高度重视财政工作，为财政工作定 调指向，亲自决策、亲自部署一系列重大财政政策，有力促进了经济稳定运行，维 护了社会大局稳定。新时代我国财政政策的设计与实践，是习近平经济思想在财政 领域的生动体现。在财政政策实践中，我们深刻体会到，坚持以习近平经济思想为 指引，坚决贯彻落实好党中央决策部署，我国经济发展就没有迈不过去的坎、闯不 过去的关，必须加力实施更加积极的财政政策，推动中国经济巨轮破浪前行。 《清华金融评论》观察 蓝佛安部长强调"财政是国家治理的基础和重要支柱"，这一表态体现了以下核心内涵 和政策方向：一是财政的全局性作用。财政不仅是经济调控工具，更是国家治理体系 的关键。此外财政是应对复杂挑战的"压舱石"。二是当前政策发力重点。财政政策可 提振民生与消费。财政可助力风险防范与改革深化。三 ...

这位投资界传奇人物直言："贸易不应该是武器"，并警告保护主义政策可能对美国经济造成长期负面影 响。 当地时间2025年5月3日，94岁的"股神"沃伦·巴菲特在伯克希尔·哈撒韦年度股东大会上，以一贯的犀利 风格向美国政府的贸易政策"开炮"。 巴菲特多次强调"他国繁荣≠美国受损"的逻辑，试图打破零和博弈的思维定式。" 自由贸易VS保护主义：巴菲特的"天平" 巴菲特用历史与现实对比，阐释贸易的本质。他提到，250年前的美国凭借烟草、棉花等产业崛起为工 业强国，正是依托开放的市场和全球分工。 如今，美国若自诩优越、以关税为武器疏远他国，则是"巨大错误"——"当75亿人对美国心怀不满，而3 亿人还在自鸣得意时，这种态度既不正确也不明智"。 他进一步用经济逻辑拆解关税的代价："加征关税本质是向商品征税，最终埋单的是普通消费者。"这一 观点直指特朗普政府频繁动用关税手段的后果——通货膨胀压力加剧，企业供应链动荡。 数据显示，伯克希尔2025年一季度经营利润同比暴跌63.59%，财报直言关税政策带来"重大不确定性"。 繁荣的悖论：全球共赢为何遭质疑？ 如果世界更富庶且无人牺牲，美国也会更繁荣、更安全。"他以伯克希尔的全球化布 ...

美国的关税政策，遭到日本的强烈反对！ 据最新消息，美国对关键汽车零部件加征25%关税的措施，于5月3日生效。对此，日本首相石破茂表示非常遗 憾，将继续要求美国重新审视相关关税措施。 此外，日方谈判代表、日本经济再生大臣赤泽亮正表示，针对美国对汽车、汽车零部件、钢铁和铝所征收的关 税以及所谓"对等关税"政策，日方表示关切并将继续强烈要求美方取消这些关税。 有日本媒体评论称，在日美两国政府进行的关税谈判，可能要卡在"汽车"上。汽车产业的供应链涉及面广，是 日本经济的支柱。而围绕汽车产业，日美双方都承载着不容妥协的国家利益。 日本政府强烈反对美关税政策 据央视新闻消息，美国对关键汽车零部件加征25%关税的措施于5月3日生效。对此，日本方面继续对美国的关 税政策表示强烈反对。 石破茂5月3日表示，对美国当天开始对关键汽车零部件加征25%关税非常遗憾，将继续要求美国重新审视相关 关税措施。日本正与美国就包含汽车、钢铁和铝等产品的关税措施进行谈判。日美两国立场存在分歧，尚未找 到共识。 此外，据日本广播协会5月3日报道，赤泽亮正在结束了第二轮美日贸易谈判后返回了日本并在机场向记者介绍 了谈判的相关情况，赤泽亮正表示，针对 ...

Core Viewpoint - The essence of trade should be cooperation and mutual benefit, not a weapon for conflict, as emphasized by Warren Buffett during the Berkshire Hathaway shareholder meeting [1][3][5]. Group 1: Trade as a Weapon - Trade has increasingly been used as a weapon, with tariffs and bans being likened to swords and arrows, leading to a concerning reality in international trade [1][3]. - The notion that trade can harm both parties involved highlights the dual-edged nature of using trade as a weapon, where both the aggressor and the target can suffer [3][5]. Group 2: Importance of Free Trade - Buffett's statement underscores the foundational role of free trade in the global economy, which has historically contributed to prosperity and wealth accumulation [3][5]. - Trade barriers and conflicts distort market signals, reduce efficiency, and increase uncertainty, ultimately harming global economic health and contradicting the pursuit of long-term stable investment returns [5][7]. Group 3: Call for Peace and Cooperation - Buffett's influence as an investment giant sends a strong message advocating for dialogue and cooperation in the face of rising geopolitical tensions and trade disputes [5][7]. - Emphasizing the need for open markets and adherence to rules, the focus should be on collaborative trade practices rather than competitive aggression [7][8]. Group 4: Understanding Trade Weaponization - Recognizing the underlying motivations for weaponizing trade, such as national security and strategic competition, is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the issue [5][7]. - The economic consequences of trade weaponization include potential global supply chain restructuring, efficiency loss, increased costs, inflationary pressures, and stifled innovation, which can ultimately harm long-term interests of all parties involved [5][7]. Group 5: Advocating for Open Trade Principles - The fundamental approach to maintaining global trade stability and promoting shared prosperity lies in advocating for open cooperation and seeking win-win solutions [7][8]. - Countries should focus on expanding the overall trade "pie" rather than competing for its distribution, avoiding the use of trade as a means of attack [7][8].

Group 1 - Warren Buffett criticized the U.S. government's tariff policy, stating that trade should not be used as a weapon and that imposing punitive tariffs on other countries is a significant mistake [3][4] - Buffett emphasized the importance of free trade, advocating for collaboration with other countries where each can focus on their strengths [3][4] - He warned that protectionist policies could have long-term negative impacts on the U.S. economy, especially in a globalized era [3][4] Group 2 - Buffett announced his plan to step down as CEO of Berkshire Hathaway by the end of 2025, recommending Vice Chairman Abel as his successor [6][7] - This transition marks a new era for Berkshire Hathaway after Buffett's 60 years of leadership, during which he achieved remarkable success [6][7] - Abel, who joined Berkshire's energy business in 1992 and has been viewed as a core executive, is expected to take on a more prominent role [7]

Group 1 - The Labor Party has secured a majority in the 48th Federal Parliament, allowing it to form a government without needing to collaborate with other parties or independent candidates [1] - Prime Minister Albanese has reiterated policies on healthcare, climate change, renewable energy, and Indigenous rights following the election victory [3][4] - Economic issues, particularly the rising cost of living and housing shortages, were central to the election campaign, influencing voter preferences [3][4] Group 2 - Albanese's government aims to maintain strong ties with the United States while addressing domestic and foreign policy challenges [4] - The opposition, led by Dutton, faced criticism for its economic policies and was unable to effectively counter the Labor Party's narrative on living costs [4][5] - The "Trump effect" negatively impacted Dutton's campaign, as his alignment with Trump alienated some Australian voters [6][7] Group 3 - The bilateral trade relationship between Australia and China has improved under Albanese's government, with trade restrictions being lifted and Australian products returning to the Chinese market [7][8] - The emphasis on rule-based free trade is seen as crucial in the face of global economic challenges, including tariffs and geopolitical conflicts [8]

2025年5月3日，一年一度的伯克希尔・哈撒韦股东大会召开。 "股神"巴菲特（Warren Buffett）携副董事长阿贝尔（Greg Abel）以及保险业务负责人贾恩（Ajit Jain）一 同亮相。 今年是巴菲特收购伯克希尔公司60周年，这是巴菲特第60次主持股东会，也可能是巴菲特最后一次全程 参与的股东会。阿贝尔被确定为巴菲特接班人。 伯克希尔公布数据显示，本次大会现场参与人数约1.97万，创下历史新高，包括线上参与在内全球参与者 超过4万人。 5.AI对保险业的审慎态度： 伯克希尔承认AI可能改变保险业，但不会率先采用，需待风险与回报明确后 再行动。 6.接班人与企业文化传承： 阿贝尔被确定为巴菲特接班人，强调伯克希尔将延续"非干预"管理模式和长 期投资哲学。 7.应对美元贬值风险： 巴菲特直言美国财政政策"令人恐惧"，但伯克希尔不会投资可能崩盘的货币，增 加日元持仓。 8.Geico的逆袭与转型： 通过技术优化和裁员，Geico从危机中复苏，季度利润达20亿美元，现金储备290 亿美元。 9.能源转型与政府合作： 伯克希尔投资160亿美元建设美国最大风电站，但强调传统能源仍需维持电力稳 定供应。 以 ...

Group 1 - The annual Berkshire Hathaway shareholder meeting attracted a record attendance of approximately 19,700 shareholders, coinciding with Warren Buffett's 60th anniversary at the helm of the company [1] - Buffett expressed that even a 30% drop in Berkshire's stock price would be viewed as a "very good opportunity," emphasizing the importance of rational judgment over emotional reactions during critical times [1] - The company is adopting a cautious approach towards artificial intelligence, with Buffett stating that they will not place all bets on AI and have appointed Ajit Jain to oversee related decisions [1] Group 2 - Buffett highlighted the challenges of finding high returns due to the company's size, stating that it has become increasingly difficult to identify attractive investment opportunities [2] - In response to concerns about the large cash reserves, Buffett indicated that acting hastily could harm shareholder interests and expressed a willingness to reduce cash levels to $50 billion if better opportunities arise [2] - The meeting also marked a significant transition, as Buffett announced his intention to step down as CEO by the end of the year, with Greg Abel set to take over, signaling the end of an era for the company [2]

Group 1: Core Insights - The Berkshire Hathaway annual shareholder meeting was held on May 3, with a record attendance of 19,700 people, marking the 60th anniversary of Warren Buffett's leadership [2] - Buffett criticized the current U.S. trade policies, stating that the misuse of tariffs disrupts global trade and economic development, advocating for free trade as a foundation for global prosperity [3] - Berkshire's Q1 financial results showed a net profit of $4.603 billion, a 64% decrease year-over-year, with revenues slightly down to $89.725 billion [4] Group 2: Cash Reserves and Investment Strategy - Berkshire's cash position reached a record high of $347.7 billion, up from $334.2 billion in the previous quarter, with Buffett emphasizing a preference for quality investments over holding cash [5] - Buffett is actively seeking investment opportunities and believes that significant deals are unlikely to happen immediately but may arise within five years [5] Group 3: International Investments - Berkshire has significantly reduced its holdings in U.S. companies like Apple and increased investments in Japan, with stakes in major trading companies nearing 10% and a total investment of $20 billion in Japan [7] - Buffett expressed a long-term commitment to holding Japanese stocks, indicating a strategic focus on the Asian market [7] Group 4: Currency and Economic Concerns - Buffett stated that Berkshire does not focus on short-term impacts of a weakening dollar and is not inclined to hold assets that may depreciate [8] - Concerns about U.S. fiscal issues were acknowledged, but Buffett noted that these are not unique to the U.S. [8]

中美"关税战"升级的程度，令全世界震惊！面对特朗普的挑衅，中国毫不妥协、坚决反制，短短一周左右的时间，中国对来自美国制造的商品关税从新增 34%，提高到84%，后来又提升至125%。 尼克·马罗，这位"经济学人"的亚洲区专家点评道：这可能是中美两国贸易完全脱钩的最明显迹象。不仅如此，中国的坚决反制还是对特朗普的口中妄言 ——"我管理美国，同时也管理世界"的直接回应。 即是"美国自己在破坏现有的世界体系"，加剧了人们对华盛顿的信任忧虑与对抗性。与特朗普政府的逆全球化政策不同，中国才是推动自由贸易的重要捍卫 者，中国才是当今世界对抗霸权的旗手。 多国不相信美国会占上风，要和中国加强关系 尽管多位欧洲官员还是强调要和美国保持接触，继续谈判，但他们仍坦言道：结果可能非常不乐观，因为"不同的理念导致了不同的标准"。面对90天豁免期 后的高关税，欧盟声称正在制定报复措施。 越来越多的欧洲领导人希望选择新的道路，而不是像以往那样只是单纯地响应华盛顿的政策——欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩在美国加征关税后不久与中国领导 人通话，确定7月举行中欧领导人峰会。 让多国不相信美国会在贸易战中"占据上风"的另外一个因素是"中国的心态更加平静 ...