转自：中国新闻网 如何从历史视角理解当代中国？ 德国波恩大学汉学系主任、波恩大学孔子学院理事会主席廉亚明(Ralph Kauz)近日接受"东西问"专访， 从西方学界对中国古代文明的认知出发，结合古代丝绸之路与当下共建"一带一路"等历史与现实经验， 以及历史研究在促进中欧社会理性互信中的作用等问题，分享了其观察与思考。 现将访谈实录摘要如下： ——专访德国波恩大学汉学系主任、波恩大学孔子学院理事会主席廉亚明 作者 杨楚瑜 马秀秀 在当今国际语境中，对中国发展的讨论往往聚焦于现实政策与短期变化，而对其历史连续性关注不足。 事实上，从古代丝绸之路到当代共建"一带一路"，从传统治理经验到现代基础设施建设等，历史为理解 中国当代发展路径与治理逻辑提供了重要参照。 中国文明本身蕴含着许多有助于理解其历史连续性和内在发展逻辑的重要因素。但在现实中，德国等国 家媒体话语的影响依然十分显著。我们所能做的，主要还是通过教授中文和中国历史，引导那些本来就 对中国感兴趣的学生，在汉学研究中形成更加深入、理性的认识。 记者：从您的研究经验来看，西方学界在理解中国古代文明时，是否长期存在低估或误判的情况？ 廉亚明：从学术层面来看，这种说 ...

中新社柏林2月26日电 题：如何从历史视角理解当代中国？ ——专访德国波恩大学汉学系主任、波恩大学孔子学院理事会主席廉亚明 作者 杨楚瑜 马秀秀 在当今国际语境中，对中国发展的讨论往往聚焦于现实政策与短期变化，而对其历史连续性关注不足。 事实上，从古代丝绸之路到当代共建"一带一路"，从传统治理经验到现代基础设施建设等，历史为理解 中国当代发展路径与治理逻辑提供了重要参照。 德国波恩大学汉学系主任、波恩大学孔子学院理事会主席廉亚明(Ralph Kauz)近日接受中新社"东西 问"专访，从西方学界对中国古代文明的认知出发，结合古代丝绸之路与当下共建"一带一路"等历史与 现实经验，以及历史研究在促进中欧社会理性互信中的作用等问题，分享了其观察与思考。 现将访谈实录摘要如下： 中新社记者：从您的研究经验来看，西方学界在理解中国古代文明时，是否长期存在低估或误判的情 况？ 廉亚明：从学术层面来看，这种说法并不完全成立。至少自20世纪以来，西方学界一直在认真地研究中 国。在德国的汉学研究领域，中国文明和中国文化总体上是受到高度重视的。需要区分的是，当今西方 社会中，部分汉学家或公共话语层面对中国持有批评态度，但这并不等同 ...

秦始皇陵及兵马俑坑、汉长安城未央宫遗址、小雁塔、大雁塔、唐长安城大明宫遗址……作为世界文化 遗产的富集地，西安是一座"没有围墙的博物馆"。 当大红灯笼映红了历经千年的古塔，当激昂的鼓点唤醒了沉睡的宫阙，当五洲四海的欢笑声在丝路起点 交织——古老的遗产为"年"注入了深厚的文化底蕴，火红的"年"又唤醒了遗产的盛世风华。让我们一起 走进这片文化沃土，共同触摸文明瑰宝在丙午新春激荡出的时代脉动。 ——编 者 马舞新春 唤醒丝路千年底蕴 丙午马年新春，世界文化遗产地小雁塔下，一场跨越时空的文化盛宴悄然登场。 由国家文物局指导的"马舞新春——丙午马年全球生肖文化大联展"在西安博物院拉开帷幕。不同于传统 陈列，此次展览最大的亮点在于"场景"——作为2014年列入《世界遗产名录》的建筑瑰宝，小雁塔的晨 钟暮鼓为这场展览增添了独特的时空质感。百余块展板置于小雁塔的塔影之下，400余件/套马主题文物 图像构建起一条可视、可感的文化长廊。 "小雁塔本身，就是活着的历史、流动的遗产，它作为唐代长安的重要标志，是'丝绸之路：长安—天山 廊道路网'的关键节点，本身就自带千年的时空底蕴。"西安博物院策展人陈斯文说，"比如当观众看到 唐代彩 ...

每当我们提起丝绸之路，脑海中总会不自觉浮现出这样的画面：夕阳下的骆驼商队踏沙而行，延绵的金色沙丘铺向天际，东方丝绸在异国集市 上徐徐飘展，空气中浮动着没药与肉桂的幽香。然而，历史的真实远比想象的图景更宏大、更生动。跨越千年的岁月里，这条古道流通的不仅 是丝绸与金银，更有不同文明间智慧与创意的碰撞与共生。 近日，澳门保利美高梅博物馆的年度大展"丝路"正式向公众开放。据了解，本次展览是继"蓝色飘带——探索神秘海域 邂逅丝路遗珍"展览的 成功举办后，将视野从海洋转向陆地，共同呈现的又一重要国际文化交流项目。本展以欧亚大陆丝绸之路沿线的历史遗珍为线索，通过四大主 题单元、超200件珍贵展品，再现千年丝路东西方文明交融的壮阔史诗。 图片来源：本报记者 梁信 摄 一条路的诞生与延伸 公元前138年，张骞手持汉节踏上了西行的征程。这一步，不仅打开了东西方对话的第一扇门，更铺就了一条延续千年的文明通途。汉唐以 来，一代又一代行者追随其足迹，穿越沙漠戈壁、冰峰峡谷，在地理的阻隔中开辟出连接欧亚的通道。政府设立的有序邮驿系统，如同现代物 流网络的雏形，为物资传输与信息沟通提供了坚实保障，让这条古道从偶然的探索之路，成为稳定的文明 ...

近日，澳门保利美高梅博物馆的年度大展"丝路"正式向公众开放。据了解，本次展览是继"蓝色飘带 ——探索神秘海域 邂逅丝路遗珍"展览的成功举办后，将视野从海洋转向陆地，共同呈现的又一重要国 际文化交流项目。本展以欧亚大陆丝绸之路沿线的历史遗珍为线索，通过四大主题单元、超200件珍贵 展品，再现千年丝路东西方文明交融的壮阔史诗。 每当我们提起丝绸之路，脑海中总会不自觉浮现出这样的画面：夕阳下的骆驼商队踏沙而行，延绵的金 色沙丘铺向天际，东方丝绸在异国集市上徐徐飘展，空气中浮动着没药与肉桂的幽香。然而，历史的真 实远比想象的图景更宏大、更生动。跨越千年的岁月里，这条古道流通的不仅是丝绸与金银，更有不同 文明间智慧与创意的碰撞与共生。 丝路上的文明交融，不仅体现在物质与技术的互通，更深入到文化的层面。在四川绵阳市出土的东汉铜 摇钱树，便是丝路宗教思想交融的最佳例证。这种树枝上装饰铜钱的树状青铜器，在当时的四川、重 庆、云南、贵州及陕西南部等地广为流行。本次展出的这株摇钱树上，寓意财源滚滚的铜钱与各类吉祥 动物相伴，部分还装饰着细小的佛像，反映了佛教东传的历史轨迹。馆方工作人员向本报记者透露，此 前展览中与观众见面的为文 ...

Group 1 - The event "North Face Horse Festival" is launched in Gansu Province, focusing on the theme of Silk Road and horse culture, featuring diverse experiences such as cultural exploration, snow mountain hiking, horse riding, and new product launches [1][3] - The first stop in Lanzhou aims to create a thematic exhibition route "Seeking Horses Through Time," showcasing artifacts and paintings closely related to horse culture from the Silk Road, initiating a dialogue across millennia [3][5] - The event gathers representatives from various fields including cultural heritage, media, and outdoor sports to discuss the theme "Exploration is Destiny," highlighting the charm and value of the eternal topic of exploration from different perspectives [3] Group 2 - The journey will continue to Wuwei and Zhangye, retracing the ancient Silk Road, allowing participants to witness the historical echoes of explorers alongside warhorses, and to experience the vast grasslands at the foot of Qilian Mountain [5] - Such activities aim to expand new forms of interpretation and display of the Gansu Provincial Museum's collection, promoting the connection between cultural heritage and contemporary public life, and stimulating public interest in the history and culture of the Silk Road [5]

高昌故城位于新疆维吾尔自治区吐鲁番市，是古代丝绸之路上的重要遗存。 （来源：光明日报） 转自：光明日报 山丹马场位于甘肃省山丹县，是世界上历史最悠久的马场之一。 在宁夏回族自治区中卫市，穿行在沙漠里的驼队。 翡翠湖位于青海省茫崖市，湖水因矿物质浓度差异，呈现出淡青、翠绿等不同色彩。 在甘肃省嘉峪关，夕阳将游客的影子映在城墙上。 在新疆维吾尔自治区巴音郭楞蒙古自治州的巴音布鲁克草原，人们在山坡上欣赏开都河的"九曲十八 弯"。 炳灵寺石窟位于甘肃省永靖县黄河北岸，历史上的丝绸之路和唐蕃古道在这里交汇。 在甘肃省天水市的麦积山石窟，小游客体验 骑骆驼。 【文化撷英】 驼铃声声，丝路漫漫。自西汉张骞通西域后，来自东西方文明的物产、技术等，通过陆上丝绸之路 相互交流、影响，构成了文明交流互鉴的独特景观。2014年，"丝绸之路：长安-天山廊道的路网"被列 入《世界遗产名录》。 如今，丝绸之路的历史景观正被赋予全新的时代内涵。古老的河西走廊上，高铁列车飞驰而过，与 汉长城的苍劲身影并行；光伏电站的蓝色海洋，在昔日驼队经过的荒漠上延伸，为现代化都市输送能 量；数字化技术让破损的壁画得以复原，沉睡的遗址借助热闹的文旅体验"活" ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the historical and cultural significance of Dunhuang and the Silk Road, emphasizing its role as a melting pot of civilizations and a treasure trove of cultural heritage [3][4][5]. Group 1: Historical Significance - Gansu, where Dunhuang is located, is a crucial birthplace of Chinese civilization and has been a significant area for cultural exchange since the Han Dynasty [3]. - The Silk Road, which traverses Gansu, served as an international trade route connecting the East and West, facilitating cultural and commercial interactions [3][4]. Group 2: Cultural Heritage - Dunhuang is home to over 100 grottoes, including the famous Mogao Caves, which are recognized as a vital part of human cultural heritage [6]. - The Mogao Caves contain 492 existing caves, 3,390 sculptures, and 45,000 square meters of murals, showcasing a blend of artistic styles influenced by various cultures [7]. Group 3: Artistic Contributions - The murals and sculptures in the Mogao Caves reflect the historical evolution of Chinese art, incorporating elements from Iranian, Indian, and Greek artistic traditions [7][9]. - The "Nine Color Deer" mural is a notable example of Tang Dynasty art, illustrating the rich storytelling tradition and cultural values of the time [8][9]. Group 4: Modern Relevance - Dunhuang continues to attract numerous visitors, including scholars and artists, who are drawn to its historical and artistic significance [10]. - The site remains a focal point for the study of ancient Chinese art and culture, contributing to the ongoing discourse in "Dunhuang Studies" [8].

Core Points - The exhibition "Wanfang Lezou You Yutian - Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition of Hotan Region, Xinjiang" showcases nearly 600 exhibits, highlighting 30 national and regional intangible cultural heritage projects, including traditional crafts like Adire silk weaving and Uyghur carpet making [1][5] - The exhibition offers an immersive experience through various forms such as video displays, skill demonstrations, and interactive activities, allowing visitors to appreciate the rich culture of Hotan [1][7] Group 1: Cultural Heritage - The exhibition features significant intangible cultural heritage items from the Hotan region, including Adire silk weaving, Uyghur carpet weaving, and traditional residential construction techniques [1][5] - The Adire silk, known for its vibrant colors and unique patterns, has been recognized as a national intangible cultural heritage since 2008, with Hotan being a key area for this craft [5][6] - The historical significance of jade from Hotan is emphasized, with archaeological findings dating back thousands of years showcasing the region's long-standing connection to jade culture [4][5] Group 2: Economic and Cultural Exchange - Hotan has historically been a vital point on the Silk Road, facilitating trade and cultural exchange between the East and West, with its jade and silk products playing a crucial role [4][7] - The region's silk production techniques were influenced by Central Plains agricultural practices, leading to Hotan becoming a major silk production area along the Silk Road [5][6] - The exhibition not only highlights the craftsmanship of the region but also aims to promote tourism and cultural appreciation, encouraging visitors to explore Xinjiang [7][8]

Group 1 - The article discusses the geographical significance of Mesopotamia, which is defined as the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, originating from the Taurus Mountains in present-day southeastern Turkey [1][2][10] - The Taurus Mountains serve as a natural barrier, separating Syria and Iraq to the south from the Anatolian plain to the north, influencing historical developments in the region [1][2] - The Euphrates and Tigris rivers have distinct flow patterns, with the Euphrates flowing west before turning southeast, while the Tigris flows more directly east, creating a unique geographical landscape that has been strategically important throughout history [8][10][11] Group 2 - The historical context of Anatolia is explored, highlighting its significance during ancient Greek times and its various names throughout history, including "Asia Minor" and "Province of Rum" during the Abbasid Caliphate [2][5] - The article references Marco Polo's journey from Anatolia to China, emphasizing the region's role as a starting point for significant historical explorations [6][8] - The ancient Hittite Empire is noted as having originated in the region south of the Taurus Mountains, further illustrating the area's historical importance [6][8] Group 3 - The article mentions the archaeological and anthropological findings that trace human activity back to 11,000 BC, with significant developments in agriculture and animal domestication occurring in river valley regions, including Mesopotamia [14][15] - The emergence of urban centers and the development of writing systems, particularly cuneiform, are highlighted as key advancements in the evolution of Mesopotamian civilization [20][21] - The Akkadian Empire's expansion under Sargon and the subsequent cultural and political developments in the region are discussed, showcasing the historical complexity of Mesopotamia [23][24][27]