新华财经北京11月3日电美国联邦政府"停摆"进入关键一周。若此次"停摆"持续至4日，将与上一次政 府"关门"最长时间的纪录持平。 受"停摆"影响，很多美国普通民众的日常生活遭遇不同程度的困难，然而总统特朗普却表示，无意与民 主党妥协。美联社等媒体报道说，这一表态意味着"停摆"仍将持续一段时间。 救济站前排长队 随着气温持续下降，美国多个州发出警告，由于"停摆"，一项用于补贴低收入家庭取暖费用的福利项目 资金恐将延迟发放。 据美联社2日报道，这个耗资41亿美元的"低收入家庭能源援助项目"覆盖约590万户美国家庭，其中大部 分家庭刚因另一项联邦食物救济项目资金耗尽而面临吃饭难的问题。 74岁的费城退休老人杰奎琳·查普曼刚失去了一笔食物救济金，如今又得知每年冬天领取的一笔采暖补 贴也悬了。"我感觉生活在艰难的时代。当需要用受限的账户、紧缺的资金做好多事时，真是令人难以 安心。" 10月31日，联邦救济项目"补充营养援助计划"耗尽资金。该项目覆盖约4200万人，约占全美总人口的八 分之一，大多数人收入低于美国贫困线。 美国国会预算办公室10月29日发布公开信说，预计"停摆"将使美国今年四季度实际国内生产总值的年化 增 ...

Core Points - The Trump administration has initiated unprecedented permanent layoffs of federal employees during a government shutdown, marking a significant departure from historical practices of temporary furloughs [1][3][4] - The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) confirmed that the layoffs will affect "thousands of federal workers" across at least nine government departments, including the Department of Health and Human Services and the Department of Education [1][3] - The layoffs are part of a broader political strategy by the Trump administration to pressure Democratic constituencies and are linked to ongoing budgetary disputes over key issues such as healthcare subsidies [4][5] Summary by Sections Layoff Announcement - OMB Director Russell Vought announced that "reductions in force" (RIF) have begun, indicating a large-scale permanent layoff rather than temporary furloughs [3] - Over 1,100 employees from the Department of Health and Human Services received layoff notices, with some layoffs targeting employees not aligned with the Trump administration's health agenda [3] Political Context - The layoffs are seen as a tactic to exert pressure on Democratic districts, with significant funding for infrastructure and energy projects in Democratic-supporting states being suspended [4] - Trump has stated that the government will use the shutdown to "permanently cut" projects supported by Democrats, framing the layoffs as a consequence of the shutdown initiated by the opposition [4] Legal and Union Response - Unions representing federal employees have filed lawsuits to challenge the legality of the layoffs, with a court hearing scheduled for October 16 [2][5] - The OMB had previously instructed officials to prepare for RIFs targeting projects that do not align with Trump’s policy priorities [5] Republican Party Dynamics - There is a cautious stance within the Republican leadership regarding the layoffs, with some leaders advocating for the protection of federal employees and the assurance of back pay [6] - Despite the push for layoffs, there are differing opinions within the party about the scale and necessity of such actions [6] Future Implications - A significant portion of federal employees remain on the job, either as essential workers or due to funding availability, while the majority are currently furloughed without pay [7] - Any layoff notices issued may come with a 60-day notification period, suggesting potential revisions to the layoff plans depending on the resolution of the government shutdown [7]

Core Points - The article discusses the unprecedented permanent layoffs initiated by the Trump administration during the ongoing federal government shutdown, marking a significant departure from past practices of temporary furloughs [1][5][6] - The layoffs are seen as a political maneuver against the Democrats, with Trump threatening to cut funding for projects supported by Democratic constituencies [2][8][9] Summary by Sections Government Shutdown and Layoffs - The federal government shutdown has entered its 10th day, with the White House confirming large-scale permanent layoffs of federal employees, a first in modern U.S. history during a shutdown [1][5] - The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has stated that the layoffs will affect "thousands of federal workers" across at least nine departments, including the Department of Interior, Department of Homeland Security, and Department of Health and Human Services [1][5][6] Political Context - The layoffs are part of an escalating confrontation between the Trump administration and the Democrats, particularly over issues like the continuation of Obama-era healthcare subsidies [2][3] - Trump has indicated that the government will use the shutdown to "permanently cut" Democratic-supported projects, further politicizing the situation [8][9] Legal and Union Responses - Unions representing federal employees have filed lawsuits to challenge the legality of the layoffs, with a court hearing scheduled for October 16 [3][9] - The OMB has directed officials to prepare for layoffs targeting employees whose roles do not align with Trump’s policy priorities [9] Republican Party Dynamics - There is a cautious stance within the Republican leadership regarding the layoffs, with some leaders advocating for the protection of federal employees and the assurance of back pay [10][11] - Despite the push for layoffs, there are differing opinions within the party about the scale and necessity of such actions [10][11] Future Implications - Currently, over two-thirds of federal employees remain on the job, either as essential workers or due to funding availability for their positions [12] - The White House has expressed a desire to end the shutdown and avoid layoffs, but acknowledges that continued shutdown may lead to unfortunate consequences [13]

首当其冲的是75万联邦雇员，简直是"躺着中枪"。有的人被迫停薪休假，房贷车贷压得喘不过气；有的人比如空中交通管制员，得无薪上班还 得扛着压力。更糟的是，专利局已经计划裁员1%，白宫还放话可能要大规模裁员，这哪是停摆，分明是砸人家饭碗啊。想起楼下开餐馆的大 叔说过，"一分钱难倒英雄汉"，这些雇员月底拿不到工资，家里的菜篮子都得空半截。 说到底，两党这出"拉锯战"更像场闹剧。共和党说民主党添乱，民主党骂共和党不负责，可谁都没真正盯着民生疾苦。政府就像个大家长，本 该好好管家，结果家长们吵得面红耳赤，把孩子扔在一边饿肚子。 希望两党能早点"各退一步海阔天空"，别让停摆变成"持久战"。毕竟政治归政治，饭碗、旅程、安全这些实实在在的日子，才是老百姓最该被 接住的东西啊。 比雇员更窝火的是游客们。华盛顿纪念碑、自由钟这些景点全关了门，法国来的马蒂娜夫妇兴冲冲来玩，结果只能对着关门告示叹气。有个学 校旅行团特意来国会参观，直接吃了"闭门羹"，孩子们的失望全写在脸上。史密森学会的博物馆靠去年的余钱撑到6号，之后也得歇业，这趟 美国之行算是留下了遗憾。 受牵连的还有天上飞的航班。联邦航空局1.1万人停薪休假，剩下的管制员本来就 ...

【环球时报特约记者 王逸】据《华盛顿邮报》28日报道，当地时间29日下午，美国总统特朗普将在白 宫会见参议院少数党领袖舒默（民主党）、参议院多数党领袖图恩（共和党）、众议院议长约翰逊（共 和党）和众议院少数党领袖杰弗里斯（民主党），讨论国会为避免政府关门应采取的措施。特朗普上周 五直言不满："政府要是被迫关门也就罢了，但民主党疯了，竟然要主动这么做。"美国副总统万斯28日 告诉福克斯新闻台，共和党不想让政府关门，关门的决定权在民主党手里。 《金融时报》29日称，除非国会议员们能在9月30日晚11时59分的截止时间前达成一致，确保联邦政府 继续运营，否则政府将耗尽资金，数十万工作人员将被迫休假，许多公共服务机构也将关闭。共和党需 要参议院至少七票民主党议员的支持，才能最终通过已经在众议院通过的临时拨款法案，以确保资金维 持到11月20日。 图恩28日告诉美国全国广播公司，民主党正在"玩火"，并将美国政府和美国人民"绑架"为"人质"。约翰 逊28日表示，特朗普与民主党领导人会面时，将敦促他们放弃导致政府停摆的"党派要求"。 目前，两党似乎陷入僵局，都没有让步的迹象。英国《金融时报》29日称，共和党指责民主党"绑架 ...

Core Points - The U.S. federal government is facing a funding crisis, with funds expected to run out by midnight on September 30, prompting urgent discussions among key political leaders [1][2] - The House of Representatives passed a temporary funding bill proposed by Republicans, but the Senate failed to approve it, leading to a deadlock between the two parties [1][2] - Democrats are advocating for their own funding extension plan, which includes healthcare priorities and aims to keep the government running until October 31 [1][2] - The political standoff has historical precedents, with previous government shutdowns often resulting from partisan conflicts over budget allocations [2][3] Political Implications - If an agreement is not reached, the government will shut down, affecting hundreds of thousands of federal employees who may face unpaid leave [2][3] - The potential shutdown could lead to significant economic losses, estimated in billions of dollars, and threaten economic growth, which may further frustrate voters seeking improvements in living conditions [3] - Analysts suggest that both parties may face political backlash, as public sentiment may turn against them for failing to keep the government operational [3]

Group 1: Event Background and Legal Context - The deployment of 2,000 National Guard soldiers to Los Angeles by President Trump is a response to violent protests triggered by ICE's raid that arrested 118 illegal immigrants [2] - Trump's use of the 1807 Insurrection Act as a legal basis for federal intervention has been challenged by California's legal secretary, citing procedural violations [4] Group 2: Social and Political Implications - The protests highlight deep societal divisions, with Latino communities accusing ICE of racial profiling, while conservatives support Trump's hardline stance [6] - The incident may redefine the balance of power between federal and state authorities, potentially leading to increased political fragmentation if Trump's actions set a precedent [10] Group 3: Economic Impact - The ICE raid has resulted in an estimated economic loss of over $20 million per day for businesses in the Los Angeles area, with long-term implications for industries reliant on immigrant labor [11] Group 4: Market Reactions - Gold prices have reacted positively to the situation, with spot gold rising 0.6% to $3,325 per ounce, driven by short-term safe-haven demand [7] - The potential for ongoing conflict could lead to a repeat of the price surge seen during the 2020 Black Lives Matter protests, while high interest rates may suppress speculative buying [9]