《物理世界》公布 "2025 年度十大科学突破 " 。中国科学院物理研究所 供图 据悉，《物理世界》"年度十大突破"以学术权威性著称，入选成果需满足"科学意义重大、推动知 识边界、理论与实验紧密结合、引发全球物理学家广泛关注"四大核心标准。此次中国团队成果凭借对 材料科学的颠覆性贡献、独创技术的普适价值及广阔应用前景入选，标志着二维材料原子制造领域已贴 上"中国标签"，占据国际领先地位。 为攻克这一难题，张广宇团队历时多年攻关，独创"原子制造的范德华挤压技术"，利用团队自主研 发的原子级平整单层二硫化钼作为"范德华压砧"，实现了埃米级极限厚度下二维金属的普适制备，成功 获得铋（6.3Å）、锡（5.8Å）、铅（7.5Å）、铟（8.4Å）、镓（9.2Å）5种二维金属，这些材料的厚度 仅为头发丝直径的二十万分之一、A4纸厚度的百万分之一。 这项技术突破带来多重核心优势：制备的二维金属具有超1年无性能退化的环境稳定性，且拥有非 成键界面，为探索材料本征特性奠定基础；电学测试显示，单层铋的室温电导率较块体铋提升一个数量 级以上，还展现出独特的 P型电场效应，电阻可通过栅压调控35%；该技术更能以原子精度控制二维金 属厚 ...

近日，英国物理学会主办的《物理世界》公布"2025年度十大科学突破"榜单，中国科学院物理研究 所/北京凝聚态物理国家研究中心张广宇团队主导的"首例二维金属制备"成果成功入选。 这项技术突破带来了多重核心优势：制备的二维金属具有超1年无性能退化的环境稳定性，且拥有 非成键界面，为探索材料本征特性奠定基础；电学测试显示，单层铋的室温电导率达9.0×10⁶S/m，较块 体铋提升一个数量级以上，还展现出独特的P型电场效应，电阻可通过栅压调控35%（超块体金属 <1%）；技术更能以原子精度控制二维金属厚度（单层、双层或三层），为研究新奇层赝自旋特性提供 了全新平台。 "这一突破不仅填补了二维材料家族的关键拼图，更开辟了全新研究领域。"论文共同通讯作者杜罗 军特聘研究员指出，二维金属有望衍生出高温量子霍尔效应、二维超导等宏观量子现象，为低功耗晶体 管、高频器件、超灵敏探测等技术革新提供核心材料。元素周期表有88种金属元素，目前实现的5种仅 仅只是"冰山一角"，加上二元及多元合金，未来尚有上万种二维金属材料待探索，为该领域留下广阔空 间。 自2004年石墨烯被发现并开启二维新纪元以来，全球科学家已制备出数百种二维材料，理论 ...

每经记者｜杨建 每经编辑｜彭水萍 ｜2025年12月18日 星期四｜ NO.1 多只宽基ETF午后放量异动 12月17日，多只宽基ETF放量异动，沪深300ETF（510300）当时成交超9亿元，800ETF（515800）、沪 深300ETF易方达（510310）、嘉实沪深300ETF（159919）当时成交超1亿元。 NO.2 国际首次！我国这一研究开创二维金属研究新领域 12月17日，据央视新闻报道，中国科学院物理研究所"首例二维金属制备"成果成功入选英国物理学会主 办的《物理世界》（Physics World）2025年度十大科学突破榜单。这是该榜单自2009年设立以来，我国 主导研究第7次获此殊荣，也是本年度唯一入选的中国成果。2025年3月，张广宇团队成功研制出厚度仅 为头发丝直径的二十万分之一的单原子层金属，这是国际上首次实现大面积二维金属材料的制备，开创 了二维金属研究的新领域。这种材料未来可以为超微型低功耗晶体管、透明显示等领域带来技术革新。 NO.3 美的医疗发布自主研发医学影像智能诊断大模型 NO.4 比亚迪推进L3量产内测，已完成15万公里验证 12月17日，比亚迪已联合深圳市交通局等 ...

Core Insights - The "2025 Top Ten Scientific Breakthroughs" list published by Physics World includes the achievement of the Zhang Guangyu team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, marking the first successful preparation of two-dimensional metals, which is the only Chinese achievement on the list this year [1][2] Group 1: Scientific Achievement - The breakthrough involves the creation of five types of two-dimensional metals: bismuth (6.3), tin (5.8), lead (7.5), indium (8.4), and gallium (9.2), which are significantly thinner than a human hair and an A4 paper [1] - This achievement addresses a long-standing challenge in the field of two-dimensional materials, where metals, due to their non-layered structures, have been considered nearly impossible to produce in two-dimensional form [1][2] Group 2: Future Potential - Two-dimensional metals are expected to lead to advancements in high-temperature quantum Hall effects, two-dimensional superconductivity, and other macro-quantum phenomena, providing essential materials for low-power transistors, high-frequency devices, and ultra-sensitive detectors [2] - Currently, only five out of 88 metal elements have been realized as two-dimensional materials, indicating that there are potentially thousands of two-dimensional metal materials yet to be explored, leaving ample room for future research and development in this field [2] Group 3: Recognition and Impact - The inclusion of Zhang Guangyu's team's work in the prestigious "Top Ten Scientific Breakthroughs" reflects its significant scientific impact, pushing the boundaries of knowledge and garnering widespread attention from the global physics community [2] - This achievement signifies China's leading position in the field of atomic manufacturing of two-dimensional materials, effectively branding the country as a key player in this innovative area of research [2]

Core Insights - The research team from the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has successfully developed a single atomic layer of metal, marking the first large-scale production of two-dimensional metal materials globally. This breakthrough fills a significant gap in the field of two-dimensional materials and reveals properties such as lightweight, high conductivity, transparency, and quantum effects, which are expected to advance scientific research in related areas [1][2]. Group 1: Breakthrough in Two-Dimensional Metals - The newly developed two-dimensional metal has a thickness of only one two-hundred-thousandth of a human hair, representing a significant advancement in material science [1]. - The achievement is anticipated to have broad applications in ultra-micro low-power transistors and ultra-sensitive detectors, potentially driving a revolution in material innovation [1]. Group 2: Historical Context and Challenges - The concept of two-dimensional metals has been a challenging pursuit since the successful creation of single-layer graphene in 2004, which initiated a new era in two-dimensional material research [2]. - Unlike graphene's layered structure, metals have tightly bonded atoms, making the transition to a two-dimensional form particularly difficult and previously considered nearly impossible [2][3]. Group 3: Innovation and Perseverance - The research team overcame significant obstacles by adopting unconventional methods, inspired by an industrial heating and pressing technique seen online, which led to the successful creation of single atomic layers of metal [3]. - The journey involved numerous failures and required a steadfast commitment to experimentation, demonstrating that many perceived impossibilities in science are often based on limited knowledge and frameworks [3][4]. Group 4: Broader Implications for Innovation - The success in developing two-dimensional metals is part of a larger narrative of innovation in China, emphasizing the need for original and disruptive technological advancements as outlined in national development plans [4]. - The spirit of questioning established norms and pursuing breakthroughs is crucial for fostering continuous innovation and achieving significant scientific milestones [4].

Core Viewpoint - The successful development of a single-atom-thick metallic layer by the team at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, marks the first large-scale production of two-dimensional metallic materials, filling a significant gap in the field of two-dimensional materials and potentially revolutionizing material innovation industries [1][2]. Group 1: Breakthrough in Two-Dimensional Materials - The newly developed two-dimensional metal exhibits properties such as lightweight, high conductivity, transparency, and quantum effects, which can significantly advance scientific research in various applications [1]. - The challenge of creating two-dimensional metals was previously considered nearly impossible due to the structural differences between metals and graphene, which required innovative thinking and unconventional approaches [1][2]. Group 2: Innovation Process and Challenges - The research team overcame a bottleneck by drawing inspiration from an industrial method of heating and pressing metals, leading to the idea of applying extreme pressure to achieve a single-atom layer [2]. - The journey involved numerous failures and required perseverance, with team members emphasizing the importance of continuous experimentation and the willingness to challenge existing knowledge frameworks [2][3]. Group 3: Importance of Original Innovation - The development of two-dimensional metals is part of a broader trend in China’s push for original innovation and tackling key technological challenges, as highlighted in the national economic and social development plans [3]. - The spirit of innovation, characterized by questioning established theories and pursuing new solutions, is crucial for achieving groundbreaking results in technology [3].