2025年3月，张广宇团队成功研制出厚度仅为头发丝直径的二十万分之一的单原子层金属，这是国际上 首次实现大面积二维金属材料的制备，开创了二维金属研究的新领域。这种材料未来可以为超微型低功 耗晶体管、透明显示等领域带来技术革新。 记者从中国科学院物理研究所获悉，"首例二维金属制备"成果成功入选英国物理学会主办的《物理世 界》（Physics World）"2025年度十大科学突破"榜单。这是该榜单自2009年设立以来，我国主导研究第 7次获此殊荣，也是本年度唯一入选的中国成果。 （文章来源：央视新闻） ...

Core Viewpoint - Achieving high-level technological self-reliance and strength is crucial for China's modernization efforts, as emphasized by President Xi Jinping [2]. Group 1: Technological Self-Reliance - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes technological self-reliance as a strategic support for national development, while the "15th Five-Year Plan" aims to accelerate high-level technological self-reliance to lead new productive forces [2]. - Over the past five years, China has made significant technological innovations, laying a solid foundation for further advancements [2]. - The "15th Five-Year Plan" suggests consolidating advantages, breaking bottlenecks, and enhancing weaknesses to gain strategic initiative in international competition [2]. Group 2: Key Technological Breakthroughs - The Chinese Academy of Sciences announced a breakthrough in producing large-area two-dimensional metallic materials, challenging traditional views on metal forms [3]. - Key core technologies must be developed through independent innovation to solve critical issues, as highlighted by advancements in the BeiDou navigation system and domestic operating systems [4]. - A new type of fluorinated polyether electrolyte has been developed, paving the way for high-safety, high-energy-density solid-state lithium batteries [5]. Group 3: Strengthening Basic Research - Basic research funding has increased by over 70% since 2020, with China leading in high-level international journal publications and patent applications for five consecutive years [6]. - The "15th Five-Year Plan" calls for a strategic, forward-looking, and systematic approach to enhance basic research and original innovation capabilities [6]. - Emphasis on original innovation is crucial for driving development, with a focus on creating more landmark original achievements [7]. Group 4: Competing in High-Tech Fields - China has made significant strides in high-tech fields, with over 20 companies recognized in TIME magazine's list of the best inventions for 2025, particularly in AI and robotics [8]. - Major technological achievements include the successful launch of the Shenzhou 21 manned spacecraft and the completion of the "Deep Sea No. 1" gas field, showcasing China's advancements in aerospace and deep-sea oil and gas development [9][8]. Group 5: New Quality Productive Forces - The integration of technology and industry is accelerating, with the "new economy" expected to contribute over 18% to GDP by 2024, driven by AI, renewable energy, and biotechnology [13]. - The development of new quality productive forces is essential for high-quality growth, focusing on improving total factor productivity [13]. - The importance of enhancing the "green attributes" of products is highlighted by the introduction of carbon footprint reports for exports [11]. Group 6: Innovation Ecosystem - The need for a complete innovation ecosystem is emphasized, moving from isolated breakthroughs to a systematic approach that includes collaboration between government, academia, and industry [9]. - Strengthening the role of enterprises in technological innovation is crucial, with specific measures proposed to support high-tech enterprises and foster innovation [15]. - The establishment of regional innovation centers and the promotion of collaborative innovation across regions are key strategies for enhancing China's technological capabilities [16].

Core Viewpoint - Achieving high-level technological self-reliance and strength is crucial for China's modernization efforts [2] Group 1: Technological Self-Reliance - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes technological self-reliance as a strategic support for national development, while the "15th Five-Year Plan" aims to accelerate high-level technological self-reliance to lead new productive forces [2] - Over the past five years, China has made significant technological innovations, establishing a solid foundation for further advancements [2] - The "15th Five-Year Plan" suggests consolidating advantages, breaking bottlenecks, and enhancing weaknesses to gain strategic initiative in international competition [2][3] Group 2: Key Technologies and Innovations - Key core technologies cannot be acquired through purchase or negotiation; they must be solved through independent innovation [4] - Breakthroughs in critical core technology areas have enhanced the security and resilience of industrial and supply chains [4] - A new type of polymer battery with high energy density has been developed, opening new avenues for high-safety solid-state lithium batteries [5] Group 3: Foundation of Basic Research - Basic research funding has increased by over 70% since 2020, with China leading the world in high-level international journal publications and patent applications for five consecutive years [6] - The "15th Five-Year Plan" calls for strengthening the strategic, forward-looking, and systematic layout of basic research [6][7] - Original innovation is emphasized as the fundamental driving force for innovation-driven development [7] Group 4: Competing for Technological Leadership - China has made significant strides in high-tech fields, with over 20 tech companies recognized in TIME magazine's list of the best inventions for 2025 [8] - Major technological achievements include the successful launch of the "Shenzhou 21" manned spacecraft and the completion of the "Deep Sea No. 1" gas field [8][9] - The focus is on enhancing systemic capabilities in innovation to maintain competitive advantages in global technology [9] Group 5: New Quality Productivity - The integration of technological and industrial innovation is accelerating, with the "new economy" expected to account for over 18% of GDP by 2024 [13] - The development of new quality productivity is essential for high-quality economic growth, with a focus on improving total factor productivity [13][14] - Accelerating the efficient transformation and application of major technological achievements is crucial for deepening the integration of technological and industrial innovation [15] Group 6: Regional Innovation and Collaboration - A coordinated national approach is necessary to enhance the deep integration of technological and industrial innovation [17] - The establishment of regional innovation centers and high-tech innovation hubs is emphasized to support national strategic needs [17] - The future five years present challenges but also significant opportunities for advancing China's technological capabilities [18]

Core Viewpoint - Achieving high-level technological self-reliance and strength is crucial for China's modernization efforts [2] Group 1: Technological Self-Reliance - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes technological self-reliance as a strategic support for national development, while the "15th Five-Year Plan" aims to accelerate high-level technological self-reliance to lead new productive forces [2][3] - Over the past five years, China has made significant technological innovations, establishing a solid foundation for further advancements [2] - The "15th Five-Year Plan" suggests consolidating advantages, breaking bottlenecks, and enhancing weaknesses to gain strategic initiative in international competition [2][4] Group 2: Key Technologies and Innovations - Key core technologies cannot be acquired through purchase or negotiation; they must be solved through independent innovation [4] - Breakthroughs in key technology areas, such as the Beidou system and domestic operating systems, enhance the security and resilience of supply chains [4] - A new type of fluorinated polyether electrolyte has been developed, paving the way for high-safety, high-energy-density solid-state lithium batteries [5] Group 3: Foundation of Basic Research - Basic research funding has increased by over 70% since 2020, with China leading in high-level international journal publications and patent applications for five consecutive years [6] - The "15th Five-Year Plan" calls for strengthening the strategic, forward-looking, and systematic layout of basic research [6][7] - Emphasis on original innovation is crucial, with a focus on creating more landmark original achievements [7] Group 4: Competing for Technological Leadership - The U.S. magazine "Time" listed over 20 Chinese tech companies among the best inventions of 2025, highlighting advancements in AI and robotics [8] - Major technological achievements, such as the successful launch of the Shenzhou 21 spacecraft, demonstrate China's capabilities in space exploration [9] - The establishment of a robust national aerospace industrial system supports China's achievements in the aerospace sector [9] Group 5: New Quality Productive Forces - The integration of technology and industry is accelerating, with the "new economy" expected to account for over 18% of GDP by 2024 [13] - The development of new productive forces is essential for high-quality economic growth, focusing on improving total factor productivity [13][14] - Accelerating the efficient transformation and application of major technological achievements is vital for deepening the integration of technological and industrial innovation [15] Group 6: Regional Innovation and Collaboration - A coordinated national approach is necessary to enhance regional innovation capabilities and build technological innovation centers [16] - The establishment of collaborative models between universities and enterprises has led to significant advancements in research and development [10] - The "15th Five-Year Plan" outlines further deployment for enhancing regional innovation systems and supporting local exploration of innovative development models [16]

Core Viewpoint - Achieving high-level technological self-reliance and strength is crucial for China's modernization efforts, as emphasized by President Xi Jinping [2]. Group 1: Technological Self-Reliance - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes technological self-reliance as a strategic support for national development, while the "15th Five-Year Plan" aims to accelerate high-level technological self-reliance to lead new productive forces [2][3]. - Over the past five years, China has made significant technological innovations, laying a solid foundation for further advancements [2]. - The "15th Five-Year Plan" suggests consolidating advantages, breaking bottlenecks, and enhancing weaknesses to gain strategic initiative in international competition [2][4]. Group 2: Key Technologies and Innovations - Key core technologies must be developed through independent innovation to solve critical issues, as highlighted by breakthroughs in various fields such as navigation and digital economy [4][5]. - The development of a new type of fluorinated polyether electrolyte by Tsinghua University represents a significant advancement in high-safety, high-energy-density solid-state lithium batteries [5]. Group 3: Foundation of Basic Research - Basic research funding has increased by over 70% since 2020, with China leading in high-level international journal publications and patent applications for five consecutive years [6]. - The "15th Five-Year Plan" calls for a strategic, forward-looking, and systematic approach to enhance basic research, which is essential for original innovation [6][7]. Group 4: High-Quality Development and New Productive Forces - The integration of technological and industrial innovation is accelerating, with the "new economy" expected to account for over 18% of GDP by 2024 [13]. - The focus on enhancing the "new quality" of production is crucial for achieving high-quality development and addressing the challenges posed by global competition [14]. Group 5: Talent Development and Education - The number of highly cited scientists in China has increased by 50% since 2021, indicating a growing pool of talent in key technological fields [11]. - The collaboration between universities and enterprises is fostering a robust talent pipeline, essential for driving innovation [10]. Group 6: Regional Innovation and Collaboration - A coordinated national approach is necessary to enhance regional innovation capabilities, with various regions developing their strengths in technology and industry [16]. - The establishment of regional innovation centers and technology hubs is crucial for fostering a collaborative environment for technological advancements [16].

Core Viewpoint - The successful development of a single-atom-thick metallic layer by the team at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, marks the first large-scale production of two-dimensional metallic materials, filling a significant gap in the field of two-dimensional materials and potentially revolutionizing material innovation industries [1][2]. Group 1: Breakthrough in Two-Dimensional Materials - The newly developed two-dimensional metal exhibits properties such as lightweight, high conductivity, transparency, and quantum effects, which can significantly advance scientific research in various applications [1]. - The challenge of creating two-dimensional metals was previously considered nearly impossible due to the structural differences between metals and graphene, which required innovative thinking and unconventional approaches [1][2]. Group 2: Innovation Process and Challenges - The research team overcame a bottleneck by drawing inspiration from an industrial method of heating and pressing metals, leading to the idea of applying extreme pressure to achieve a single-atom layer [2]. - The journey involved numerous failures and required perseverance, with team members emphasizing the importance of continuous experimentation and the willingness to challenge existing knowledge frameworks [2][3]. Group 3: Importance of Original Innovation - The development of two-dimensional metals is part of a broader trend in China’s push for original innovation and tackling key technological challenges, as highlighted in the national economic and social development plans [3]. - The spirit of innovation, characterized by questioning established theories and pursuing new solutions, is crucial for achieving groundbreaking results in technology [3].