南华期货（603093）： 原油端，市场依然对地缘风险给与了一定的溢价，对比美委冲突，伊朗的风险对于lpg市场来说更为直 接。丙烷方面，在过去一周中东发运依然偏低，但美国库存出现了逆季节性上涨仍给价格带来一些压 力。从国内本期基本面来看，供应端本期依然偏紧，港口到港量低点，港库连续去化。需求端整体变动 不大，化工需求依然持稳，PDH端虽维持亏损状态，但开工仍上行至76.36%，短期依然没有检修反 馈。短期关注下海外事件的后续以及国内PDH可能的检修。 瑞达期货（002961）： 短期地缘局势、OPEC+暂停增产及对未来供应过剩担忧等多空交织，国际油价震荡。LPG国际方面， 中东供应较为有限而远东需求旺季，仍对液化气价格起支撑作用。供应方面，部分炼厂装置运行不稳定 及部分炼厂外放增加，整体供应出现回升。短期港口到船量减少，叠加气温下降促使燃烧需求增强，港 口库存呈下降趋势，但本周预计码头到船有增量，港口库存有增加预期。需求方面，临近元旦民用气有 补库意愿，但预计跟进有限。综合来看，短期整体供需压力不大，但库存增加预期，原油走势反复，液 化气预计震荡为主。从技术面看，PG主力合约隔夜震荡收涨，上方关注4250附近 ...

Core Insights - The strong performance of oil soft power this week is attributed to multiple factors, particularly the dynamics of the Russia-Ukraine situation, which significantly influences oil soft power operations [1][2] - Ukraine's attacks on Russian energy facilities have escalated, impacting approximately 1.2 million barrels per day of Russian refining capacity, which is 17% of its total domestic refining capacity [1] - Russia's refining output has decreased to 4.94 million barrels per day in September, down by 150,000 barrels from August, indicating a continued decline in operational rates [1][2] Group 1: Russia-Ukraine Conflict Impact - The conflict has evolved from military confrontation to a multi-dimensional soft power struggle, affecting energy infrastructure, financial systems, and shipping insurance rules [2][3] - Ukraine's attacks on Russian refining facilities and oil pump stations aim to weaken Russia's energy influence, a key soft power asset [3] - The U.S. has pressured EU countries to halt all energy purchases from Russia, which has led to a significant drop in market expectations regarding peace agreements [3] Group 2: Domestic Fuel Shortages in Russia - Domestic fuel shortages in Russia have prompted the government to extend gasoline and diesel export bans until the end of 2025, reflecting a shift from external expansion to internal stabilization [2][3] - Despite stable crude oil exports, the frequency of attacks on refineries and ports has led to a decline in refined product shipments [2] Group 3: Geopolitical and Market Dynamics - The interplay of geopolitical factors and market dynamics is evident, with the U.S. crude oil market showing signs of inventory depletion, providing some support for oil prices [2] - The current oil market is characterized by a conflict between geopolitical premiums and concerns over supply surplus, which will determine future oil price directions [2][3] Group 4: Soft Power Dynamics and Models - The soft power model indicates a systemic reorganization of multiple soft power elements, with Russia's refining capacity damage leading to a shift from resource dependence to supply chain resilience [2][3] - The soft power pricing model suggests that the decline in Russian soft power points is approximately 12.7% due to refining damage, with a strong correlation between the frequency of Ukrainian attacks and oil volatility [4] - The market's fear premium related to asymmetric attacks has reached $4.20 per barrel, indicating heightened concerns over energy security [4] Group 5: Future Soft Power Evolution - A critical threshold is identified: if Russian refining losses exceed 25%, it may trigger a global restructuring of the distillate oil supply chain [4] - Monitoring the effectiveness of secondary sanctions in the EU's energy policies will be crucial for understanding soft power transmission [4] - The potential normalization of AI-driven precision attacks could redefine energy facility protection as a new soft power metric [4]

Core Viewpoint - The recent rebound in crude oil prices is driven by multiple factors, including geopolitical tensions, particularly the Russia-Ukraine conflict, negotiations over Iran's nuclear program, and export restrictions from Venezuela [1][2][3] Geopolitical Factors - The Russia-Ukraine situation remains a significant concern, with increased attacks by Ukraine on Russian energy facilities, affecting approximately 1.2 million barrels per day of Russian refining capacity, which is 17% of its total refining capacity [1] - The U.S. has pressured EU countries to halt all energy purchases from Russia, reflecting a shift in market expectations regarding a peace agreement in Ukraine [1] - Russia is facing domestic fuel shortages, leading to an extension of export bans on gasoline and diesel until the end of 2025, which is expected to further reduce fuel exports [2] Supply and Demand Dynamics - The current support for oil prices stems from supply concerns due to geopolitical conflicts and a decrease in U.S. crude oil inventories, indicating a temporary balance in supply and demand [3] - Analysts note that while geopolitical factors provide short-term support, the fundamental market dynamics are shifting towards a more relaxed supply situation post-summer demand peak [3][4] Future Price Trends - The oil market is assessing the real impact of Russian exports and the potential tightening of sanctions by the U.S. and Europe, as well as OPEC+ production levels [4] - The expectation is for oil prices to experience high volatility, oscillating between support and pressure, with geopolitical risks potentially limiting downward movements [4][5] Investment Strategies - Investors are advised to focus on the sustainability of geopolitical risks and manage their positions carefully, especially during holiday periods when risks may increase [5]