1 物流业出海 ： 在痛点与试错中成长 立即点击 ▲ 观看视频 文 / 卓立（微信公众号：吴晓波频道） 当"出海"成为中国企业寻求增长的确定性答案，一个巨大的挑战也随之浮现：全球供应链的复 杂性。 据麦肯锡研究显示，全球供应链网络经历了数十年的优化，但其脆弱性在近年暴露无遗，促使 超过90%的企业开始重新审视其供应链布局。 而在这幅宏大的出海版图中，物流成本和效率是决定成败的生命线。 根据中国物流与采购联合会的数据，尽管中国社会物流总费用与GDP的比率已优化至14.4%， 但许多出海目的地这一比例高达20%甚至25%以上。 这意味着，每创造100元GDP，就有20多元消耗在物流环节，巨大的降本空间背后，也隐藏着巨 大的风险。 本期，我对话了一位国际物流领域的资深舵手——冠亚物流何国庆。他与其团队在十余年间完 成38个海外布点，在一次次"踩坑"与"试错"中，不仅为客户创造过单年降低40%物流成本的纪 录，也见证了无数因忽略物流细节而折戟沉沙的案例。 让我们透过他的视角，看中国出海事业最真实的波澜壮阔，获取那些用巨大代价换来的、关于 风险、成本与生存的宝贵经验。 卓立： 你们的第一桶金是如何挖到的？ 何国庆： 第 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolving landscape of Chinese companies going global, emphasizing the shift from merely exporting products to a more integrated approach that focuses on deep localization and sustainable globalization in response to challenges such as trade protectionism and compliance risks [2][10]. Summary by Sections Current Trends in Globalization - In the first quarter of 2025, China's "new three samples" (new energy vehicles, lithium batteries, and photovoltaic products) exported over $47.7 billion [2] - The global short drama market saw nearly $700 million in in-app purchases in Q1 2025 [2] - Chinese innovative pharmaceuticals achieved a total export transaction amount of $45.5 billion from the beginning of the year [2] - Various sectors, including smart manufacturing, cross-border e-commerce, gaming, patents, and business travel services, are expanding their global presence [2] Challenges and Opportunities - Companies face challenges such as trade protectionism, compliance risks, and cross-cultural management as they navigate the complexities of international markets [2] - The article highlights the need for companies to adapt to a new phase of "all-factor going global," which involves re-learning and integrating compliance, supply chains, organization, and branding [5][6] Insights from Industry Experts - Wu Xiaobo emphasizes the importance of "all-factor going global" as a significant opportunity for Chinese entrepreneurs over the next 20 years [4][5] - Tsunemi Junya points out the necessity for companies to integrate into local communities, drawing from Japan's historical experiences in overseas expansion [6] - Qin Shuo focuses on the balance between exports and overseas markets, advocating for resilience and flexibility in navigating the U.S. and non-U.S. markets [7] - Yang Yudong calls for a high-quality era of going global, where companies prioritize local market needs and value creation [7] - Shen Jin stresses the importance of innovation, craftsmanship, and humility as key factors for success in uncertain international environments [8] - Huang Zhaohua notes a shift in the annual keyword for overseas expansion from "persistence" to "breakthrough," indicating readiness for new challenges and opportunities [10][11] Upcoming Global Summit - The second Global Summit on Going Global will take place in Singapore on June 19-20, 2025, focusing on collaborative strategies for Chinese companies to navigate globalization [2][11] - The summit aims to explore how to innovate overseas models, achieve deep localization, and build supply chain advantages [11]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolution of China's foreign trade over the past 40 years, highlighting the transition from a focus on low-cost manufacturing to a more comprehensive approach that includes technology, brand, and management exports. It emphasizes the challenges and opportunities faced by Chinese companies in the global market, particularly in light of recent geopolitical tensions and the need for compliance with international regulations [1][9]. Summary by Sections Historical Context of China's Foreign Trade - In 1978, China opened its doors to the world, driven by a strong desire for technology and capital, leading to the introduction of foreign investments and advanced production techniques [3][4]. - The 1980s saw the emergence of small-scale exports from brands like Tianjin's Flying Pigeon bicycles, but these efforts were largely experimental and lacked a clear international market strategy [3][4]. Key Turning Points - The year 1998 marked a significant shift as China faced overcapacity in industries like clothing and home appliances, prompting a need to seek new export markets [6]. - China's accession to the WTO in 2001 was a milestone, with trade volumes skyrocketing from $509.65 billion to over $4 trillion by 2013, establishing China as the world's largest goods trader [7]. Evolution of Export Strategies - The period from 1998 to 2008 was characterized by an export-driven economy, where Chinese manufacturers became global OEMs, producing goods for international brands without their own labels [6][7]. - The rise of cross-border e-commerce in 2013 marked a new phase, allowing companies like Anker to establish their own brands and directly engage with global consumers [7][8]. The "One Jiazi Theory" - Wu Xiaobo's "One Jiazi Theory" divides China's industrial evolution into three phases: 1. From 1978 to 1998, focusing on meeting domestic needs 2. From 1998 to 2008, emphasizing export-driven growth 3. Post-2018, where companies are expected to export all elements of their business, including supply chains and R&D [8][9]. Challenges of "All Elements Going Abroad" - The concept of "All Elements Going Abroad" signifies a shift from mere product exports to comprehensive international operations, including technology and management [9][10]. - Companies face significant compliance challenges in foreign markets, as seen in Brazil's complex tax system and the geopolitical tensions affecting the electric vehicle sector [10][11]. Domestic Market Transition - The idea of transitioning from foreign trade to domestic sales is critiqued as a "pseudo-proposition," as the skills required for each market differ significantly [12][13]. - Successful transitions are rare, with most companies struggling to adapt to the competitive domestic landscape, which demands a full-spectrum operational capability [14][15]. Future Outlook - The article predicts a period of "great elimination and great upgrading," where leading companies will thrive through innovation, while smaller firms may face extinction due to rising costs and market pressures [14][15]. - Emerging industries like electric vehicles and high-end manufacturing are expected to drive future growth, supported by favorable policies and technological advancements [15][18].