首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院内分泌科一区副主任 张宝玉：比如无糖蛋糕，它本身是一个碳水，就 会提供热量。其次在制作的过程当中，它会加很多油脂的东西，也会影响到我们的血糖。无糖饮料在市 场上现在确实也非常流行，这些里面说的无糖主要指的是不含蔗糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖这些比较简单的 糖，但它可能会添加一些其他的，比如说可能会有一些糊精或者是麦糊精这一类，升糖指数也是非常高 的。 标榜"无糖"的食品，真的不会升高血糖吗？ 根据国家食品安全相关规定，"无糖"的要求是指固体或液体食品中每100克或100毫升的含糖量不高于 0.5克。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the misconceptions surrounding white rice as a staple food, highlighting that while it has a high glycemic index (GI), its impact on blood sugar levels is influenced by dietary habits and food pairings, particularly in the Chinese context [9][10]. Summary by Sections White Rice and Health - The claim that white rice is the "worst staple food" is prevalent, but scientific evidence shows that its high GI (GI > 80) can lead to rapid blood sugar spikes, which is concerning for those managing diabetes [9]. - A meta-analysis from 2022 indicates that consuming over 300 grams of rice daily can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes by 13% for every additional 158 grams, though this does not fully apply to the Chinese population due to different dietary practices [9]. Nutritional Role of Rice - Rice serves as a crucial energy source, and completely eliminating it from the diet may lead to health issues such as metabolic disorders and cognitive decline [10]. - Recommendations include moderate consumption, avoiding overcooking, and pairing rice with whole grains and vegetables to stabilize post-meal blood sugar levels [10]. Dietary Differences: Japan vs. China - Japan has a lower diabetes prevalence despite rice being a staple, attributed to four key dietary differences: rice temperature, portion sizes, cooking methods, and the use of vinegar [11][12]. - Japanese people often consume cooled rice, which forms resistant starch that slows glucose absorption, while Chinese diets typically feature hot rice in larger portions [11]. - Cooking methods in Japan are generally healthier, focusing on lighter preparations compared to the heavier, oil-rich Chinese cooking styles [12]. Hidden High-GI Foods - The article warns about "hidden glycemic bombs" that are often perceived as healthy but can significantly impact blood sugar levels, such as flavored milk products and freeze-dried vegetables that may contain added sugars [13][14]. - Fruits like dragon fruit and certain snacks like soda crackers also have high sugar content and glycemic indices, which can be misleading [14]. - It emphasizes that moderate rice consumption, when paired with other foods, is safer than opting for seemingly healthy alternatives that are actually high in sugar [14].