中国发展网讯 记者明慧报道 2025年9月14日，北京首钢国际会展中心1号展馆内科技之光璀璨。作为 2025中国国际服务贸易交易会（以下简称"服贸会"）的核心主题论坛之一，以"科技创造 美好未来"为 主题的"第四届世界前沿科技大会"在此召开。 大会邀请了多国专家学者、政府机构代表、国际组织和社团机构代表及国际友好人士等共聚一堂，围绕 全球科技资源整合与创新价值落地展开深度对话，为推动中国科技走向世界注入新动能。 本届大会上，世界前沿科技大会组委会隆重发布了世界前沿科技大会云网（以下简称"云网"）。云网融 合了元宇宙展厅、AR智能交互技术、智能会议系统、MR混合现实技术和区块链技术。无论参与者身处 全球何处，皆能打破时空界限，身临其境参与大会交流，打造"永不落幕的世界前沿科技大会"，为大会 后续常态化科技交流奠定基础。大会决定，从本届世界前沿科技大会起，大会将不定期在"世界前沿科 技大会云网"、世界前沿科技大会网站和公众号、科促会官网和公众号发布推荐国内外可产业化的项 目，为企业和科研单位服务。 "SINO（中国）预印本"平台启动，构建开放科学新生态 大会期间，中国国际科技促进会与国际信息发展（300469）组 ...

Group 1 - The core argument of the articles is that the recent executive order by the Trump administration, titled "Restoring Gold Standard Science," is perceived as a political maneuver that undermines scientific autonomy in the U.S. by placing scientific evaluation under political control [1][2][3] - The executive order aims to reform research integrity policies, promoting a "transparent, rigorous, and impactful" scientific standard, but it raises concerns among researchers about increased political interference in scientific activities [2][3] - Critics argue that the order could lead to the appointment of political officials to oversee research integrity investigations, which may result in punitive actions against scientists based on vague criteria [3][4] Group 2 - The order has sparked significant backlash from the scientific community, with many scientists signing an open letter condemning the initiative as a means to reinforce political control over national research infrastructure [2][4] - Historical context reveals that during Trump's first term, there were multiple accusations of government interference in scientific independence, leading to a lack of trust in scientific integrity [3][4] - The order's implications extend beyond the U.S., providing insights for China to refine its own research integrity policies, emphasizing the need for stable and continuous policy frameworks [5][6] Group 3 - The articles highlight the importance of maintaining a clear separation between science and politics, suggesting that the U.S. experience serves as a cautionary tale for other countries [5][6] - Recommendations for China include institutionalizing research integrity norms and ensuring that political influence does not compromise scientific investigations [5][6][7] - The current state of research integrity in China shows improvement, with a reported 31.2% decrease in research misconduct cases in 2023, indicating progress in fostering a culture of integrity [7][8]

Core Viewpoint - The "PubScholar Public Academic Platform" launched by the Chinese Academy of Sciences aims to enhance open science practices and facilitate academic communication and innovation among students and researchers globally [1][2]. Group 1: Platform Overview - The "PubScholar Public Academic Platform" integrates resources from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, including scientific achievements, publishing resources, and academic exchange resources, allowing for open access to academic resources [2]. - As of now, the platform has achieved 1 billion visits, 1.2 million downloads, and over 370,000 registered users, covering 158 countries and regions [2]. Group 2: Open Science Initiatives - The platform is part of a broader initiative led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to promote open science, which includes the "Open for Science" project in collaboration with UNESCO, aimed at building an open scientific information infrastructure globally [2][3]. - Three main goals have been established for the initiative: creating an open technical architecture, building a Chinese open science demonstration platform, and monitoring global open science development trends [2][3]. Group 3: Challenges and Recommendations - The advancement of open science faces challenges, such as balancing open access with academic quality and traditional models with innovative ecosystems [3]. - Recommendations include focusing on high-quality research outputs, leveraging new technologies like AI for content production, and innovating publishing methods to adapt to the open science era [3][4]. Group 4: International Collaboration - The Chinese Journal Association is committed to supporting local journals in collaborating with international publishing institutions to enhance global resource connectivity [4]. - The STM Association's CEO expressed a willingness to strengthen cooperation with Chinese publishing institutions to foster mutual progress in the field [5].

Core Viewpoint - The international seminar on "Sustainable Development and Open Cooperation: Responsibilities of the Scientific Community" emphasizes the importance of collaboration among global scientists to address challenges and opportunities in sustainable development, particularly in the context of climate change, environmental pollution, and resource scarcity [1][3][8]. Group 1: Seminar Highlights - The seminar was held on May 31 in Beijing, organized by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, featuring discussions on sustainable development and international cooperation [3][5]. - Keynote speakers included leaders from various national academies and international scientific organizations, sharing successful practices in promoting sustainable development [5]. - The seminar focused on themes such as big data, climate change, agricultural sustainability, open science, and life health, with presentations from both Chinese and foreign academicians [5][8]. Group 2: Role of the Chinese Academy of Sciences - The Chinese Academy of Sciences has been enhancing its research in ecological environment, life health, and energy technology to support sustainable development [3]. - The Academy aims to maintain an open approach, fostering international cooperation, talent exchange, and collaborative research in key areas related to sustainable development [3][8]. - The Academy is committed to promoting data sharing and the application of artificial intelligence to bolster sustainable development efforts [3]. Group 3: ESG Initiatives - The Sina Finance ESG Rating Center offers 14 ESG services to assist listed companies in promoting ESG concepts and improving their sustainable development performance [1]. - The center aims to establish ESG evaluation standards suitable for China's context and enhance corporate ESG ratings [1].

Core Insights - The article discusses a significant bet between philosopher David Chalmers and neuroscientist Christof Koch regarding the understanding of consciousness, which Chalmers won after 25 years, indicating that science has not yet pinpointed a "center" of consciousness in the brain [1] - The research collaboration known as "COGITATE" compared two leading theories of consciousness: the Global Neuronal Workspace Theory (GNWT) and the Integrated Information Theory (IIT), aiming to find evidence that could support one theory over the other [2][3] - The results of the COGITATE study revealed that neither theory was definitively proven or disproven, highlighting the complexity of consciousness research and the importance of diverse theoretical perspectives [4][6] Group 1 - COGITATE aimed to test predictions related to conscious perception by analyzing brain activity during visual stimuli presentations, with GNWT predicting significant activity in the frontal regions and IIT predicting sustained activity in the posterior hot zone [3] - The study's findings contradicted both theories in key areas, such as the lack of sustained neural synchrony in the posterior hot zone and the absence of a "closure response" in the working memory regions when conscious perception ceased [5] - The research emphasized the value of "open science" principles, including pre-registration of predictions and independent data collection, which enhances the reliability and transparency of scientific findings [5] Group 2 - The article suggests that significant shifts in scientific understanding are slow, and even when experimental results do not align with predictions, they can still contribute to the advancement of knowledge [6] - The COGITATE project serves as a model for large-scale collaborative research, demonstrating the benefits of adversarial collaboration in scientific inquiry [7] - The ongoing debate regarding the status of IIT as a scientific theory reflects the broader challenges in the field of consciousness studies, underscoring the importance of rigorous experimental frameworks [8]

Core Viewpoint - Open science is emerging as a transformative paradigm in research, emphasizing the need for international cooperation and open sharing of scientific knowledge to address global challenges [1][2][3] Group 1: Importance of Open Science - Open science is essential for enhancing scientific collaboration and information sharing, allowing science to benefit society [1] - The necessity for open science is increasingly urgent due to global sustainability demands, such as climate change and biodiversity [1][2] - Open science represents a shift from traditional research paradigms, advocating for open access to research results and data [1] Group 2: Challenges and Solutions - The current era is characterized by complex, interconnected challenges that cannot be addressed by individual countries or laboratories alone [2] - To promote open science, it is crucial to improve policy environments, share experiences, and create frameworks that support open science initiatives [3] - Establishing a global scientific community is vital for addressing challenges like climate change and health crises, necessitating international collaboration on large-scale scientific projects [3] Group 3: Mechanisms for Open Science - Enhancing the sharing of research infrastructure and establishing international open sharing platforms can improve efficiency and resource utilization [3] - Open sharing is viewed as a potential accelerator for increasing research efficiency, speeding up technology diffusion, and fostering cross-national collaboration [2]

Core Concept - Open science is a transformative research paradigm that emphasizes the need for international cooperation and open sharing of scientific knowledge to address global challenges [3][4]. Group 1: Importance of Open Science - Open science is increasingly urgent due to global sustainability demands, such as climate change and biodiversity issues, which require collaborative efforts beyond single disciplines [3][4]. - The shift from isolated research to collaborative, large-scale projects necessitates open access to research data and results, marking a significant change in traditional research paradigms [3][4]. Group 2: Policy and Institutional Support - The revised "Science and Technology Progress Law" in China explicitly promotes the development of open science, highlighting its role in advancing national scientific progress [4]. - Recent policies aim to create a globally competitive open innovation ecosystem, providing institutional support for open science initiatives [4][5]. Group 3: Challenges to Open Science - Major challenges include the need for trust in data sharing and the complexities of managing sensitive information, which can hinder the open science movement [6][7]. - The academic publishing industry faces difficulties in transitioning to open science due to historical practices and the need for mutual trust among researchers [7]. Group 4: Strategies for Advancement - Promoting open science requires multi-level cooperation, leveraging international organizations and collaborative platforms to facilitate knowledge sharing [8][9]. - Establishing a supportive policy environment and enhancing infrastructure sharing are essential for fostering open science and addressing global challenges effectively [9][10].