Group 1 - The World Trade Organization (WTO) Appellate Body has been "inactive" for nearly six years due to the United States' unilateral and protectionist measures that undermine WTO principles [1][4] - Pascal Lamy, former WTO Director-General, suggests that the WTO must adapt to new realities and continue to operate even without U.S. participation [1][4] - Lamy emphasizes the urgent need for collective action to address climate change, as 90% of the global population is affected by environmental crises [1][3] Group 2 - Lamy identifies two main issues in international trade: the lack of enforceable regulations despite global agreements and the U.S.'s non-cooperation, which hampers international progress [4][6] - He advocates for a platform to address North-South tensions and believes that international trade and labor division can benefit the environment [4][5] - Lamy proposes a comprehensive forum on climate change and trade, emphasizing the need for open discussions based on expertise rather than negotiations [5] Group 3 - The transition from "fast globalization" to "slow globalization" is noted, with international trade still growing but at a slower pace [6][7] - Lamy highlights three characteristics of the current multilateral trade system: weaponization of trade, U.S. protectionism, and the rise of preventive trade measures due to public health and environmental concerns [6][8] - He points out that while the U.S. accounts for only 13% of global imports, the remaining 87% of countries can maintain a stable global trade system if not affected by protectionism [7] Group 4 - China is identified as a major player in global trade, with a projected total import and export value of 43.85 trillion yuan in 2024, a 5% increase year-on-year [9] - Lamy advises that companies must enhance their strategic flexibility and adaptability in response to geopolitical and technological changes [9][10] - Digitalization is recognized as a new variable affecting global trade, with digital technologies lowering transaction costs and facilitating service trade growth [10] Group 5 - Reform of the WTO is deemed necessary, particularly in balancing power between members and the secretariat to improve decision-making efficiency [10] - Lamy calls for the WTO to enhance trade facilitation in areas such as trade, environment, e-commerce, and subsidy disciplines [10]

Core Viewpoint - The world is facing challenges in globalization, but it is transitioning from "fast globalization" to "slow globalization" rather than retreating from globalization altogether [1][2] Group 1: Globalization Trends - Pascal Lamy emphasizes that the overall scale of international trade is still growing, although the growth rate is slowing down [1] - The perception of globalization's social impact varies across different regions, indicating a complex landscape [1] Group 2: WTO Challenges - Lamy suggests that the power structure between WTO members and the secretariat needs to be rebalanced to improve decision-making efficiency [1] - The current imbalance, where member powers are too great and the secretariat's role is insufficient, hinders the WTO's effectiveness [1] - There is a need to promote trade facilitation in areas such as trade, environment, e-commerce, and subsidy disciplines [1] Group 3: China's Role in Global Trade - China is urged to continue its macroeconomic rebalancing between production and consumption while expanding into emerging markets and optimizing trade structure [2] - As a significant player in globalization, China will continue to play a crucial role in the current and next phases of globalization [2] Group 4: Environmental Considerations - Lamy highlights the necessity of protecting the environment while maintaining open trade, addressing the dual challenges of decarbonization and biodiversity preservation [2] - Balancing environmental protection with open trade is complex but essential to avoid exacerbating existing international tensions [2]