新京报记者 李聪 编辑 陈晓舒 校对 李立军 在经历两次住院之后，林可决定戒断普瑞巴林。 这是一款原本用于治疗神经性疼痛的处方药。她曾一次性吞下二十多片普瑞巴林，试图用药物迅速压住体内的焦虑、恐惧和失控感——"让自己暂时不用 面对现实"。 随后，她被送进急诊。凌晨两点，林可躺在病房的床上，盯着天花板，已经七十多个小时没有合眼。这是林可今年夏天第二次因为滥用普瑞巴林住院，距 离上一次，只隔了一个月。第一次是在8月，她的心率飙升到每分钟150次，晕倒在路上被室友送进急诊，那次也吃了二十几片。 此前，林可还过量服用右美沙芬等多种药物。后来，右美沙芬被列管、购买变得困难，普瑞巴林成为"替代品"。 林可的经历并非个案。近段时间，我国陆续出现普瑞巴林滥用的病例报告。2025年3月，湖南省脑科医院在国际期刊《精神病学前沿》发表一则病例报 告，记录了一名患者在长期、大剂量滥用普瑞巴林后形成依赖。其中提到，此前，中国尚未报告过普瑞巴林依赖病例。 2025年4月，《中国药物依赖性杂志》发表一则由山东省药品不良反应监测中心报告的病例，一位既往有滥用右美沙芬病史的未成年患者，在右美沙芬列 管后，开始使用其他药物替代滥用，其中普瑞巴林 ...

（来源：千龙网） 在经历两次住院之后，林可决定戒断普瑞巴林。 这是一款原本用于治疗神经性疼痛的处方药。她曾一次性吞下20多片普瑞巴林，试图用药物迅速压住体 内的焦虑、恐惧和失控感——"让自己暂时不用面对现实"。 随后，她被送进急诊。凌晨两点，林可躺在病房的床上，盯着天花板，已经70多个小时没有合眼。这是 林可今年夏天第二次因为滥用普瑞巴林住院，距离上一次，只隔了一个月。第一次是在8月，她的心率 飙升到每分钟150次，晕倒在路上被室友送进急诊，那次也吃了20几片。 此前，林可还过量服用右美沙芬等多种药物。后来，右美沙芬被列管，购买变得困难，普瑞巴林成 为"替代品"。 林可的经历并非个案。近段时间，我国陆续出现普瑞巴林滥用的病例报告。2025年3月，湖南省脑科医 院在国际期刊《精神病学前沿》发表一则病例报告，记录了一名患者在长期、大剂量滥用普瑞巴林后形 成依赖。其中提到，此前，中国尚未报告过普瑞巴林依赖病例。 2025年4月，《中国药物依赖性杂志》发表一则由山东省药品不良反应监测中心报告的病例，一位既往 有滥用右美沙芬病史的未成年患者，在右美沙芬列管后，开始使用其他药物替代滥用，其中普瑞巴林获 得最为便利，替代使 ...

（来源：劳动午报） 转自：劳动午报 孩子烧到39摄氏度，家里的奥司他韦能直接吃吗？感冒了，要不要加点头孢消炎？流感季的医院药房 里，这样的疑问每天都能听到一箩筐。北京大学人民医院药学部主任药师张海英、主管药师陈月为公众 详解流感用药的科学方法。 流感≠感冒，别吃错药 有些人一发烧就直奔药房买最贵的抗流感药，但连自己是不是流感都没搞清楚。这种盲目买药的行为不 仅浪费钱，还可能耽误病情。 简单说，流感和感冒二者区别就是三个"不一样"： 病毒不一样 流感是甲型、乙型流感病毒引起的，传染性强；普通感冒多是鼻病毒、冠状病毒导致的， 传染性弱。 症状不一样 流感会导致发高烧（39-40℃），浑身肌肉酸痛、没力气，症状重；普通感冒多是鼻塞、流 鼻涕、喉咙痛，发烧也多是低热，症状轻。 用药不一样 流感及时用流感抗病毒药能防重症；普通感冒以缓解症状为主，可吃缓解症状的药，使用 抗病毒药无效。 误区1：发烧就用抗生素，越贵越好 "发烧不退，吃点消炎药。"这是医生临床中最常听到的话，但流感 是病毒引起的，抗生素只针对细菌，对病毒没用。 滥用抗生素不仅治不好流感，还会让细菌产生耐药 性，下次真的细菌感染了，再用这些药可能就不管用了， ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between influenza and the common cold, highlighting their differences in pathogens and symptom severity, and provides a practical medication list for families to prepare for the flu season [1]. Group 1: Differences Between Influenza and Common Cold - Influenza and common cold have similar symptoms but differ significantly in pathogens and severity [1]. Group 2: Medication Recommendations - Acetaminophen is recommended for alleviating fever symptoms caused by influenza, suitable for adults, pregnant women, and children aged 3 months and older, with dosage strictly calculated based on weight for infants and children [4]. - Ibuprofen is effective for fever reduction and relieving mild to moderate pain, appropriate for children over 6 months and adults, with specific formulations for children [4]. - Oseltamivir should be used as soon as influenza is diagnosed, ideally within 48 hours of onset, and is suitable for both types A and B influenza [6][7]. - Baloxavir marboxil is a viral RNA polymerase inhibitor for adults and children over 5 years old with influenza [8]. - Oral rehydration salts are recommended to prevent dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea associated with influenza, suitable for both adults and children [9]. - Dextromethorphan is indicated for dry cough symptoms caused by influenza, suppressing the cough reflex [10]. - Expectorants can help thin mucus and promote its expulsion, beneficial for patients with thick phlegm [11]. Group 3: Medication Usage Guidelines - Antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, are ineffective against influenza unless there is a concurrent bacterial infection, and their misuse should be avoided [15]. - Special populations, including children, pregnant women, and elderly individuals with underlying conditions, should consult a doctor before using medications [15]. - Regularly check and clear expired medications from home medicine cabinets every 3-6 months to avoid using ineffective or harmful substances [17]. - Expired medications should not be discarded casually; they should be disposed of through community drug recycling points or hospital collection boxes to prevent environmental and health hazards [18].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the rising trend of prescription drug abuse among young people, particularly focusing on the misuse of Pregabalin (referred to as "Pr80") for recreational purposes, and the challenges in regulating its distribution and use [1][2]. Group 1: Drug Misuse and Experiences - Young individuals are increasingly sharing their experiences of abusing Pregabalin on social media, indicating a normalization of this behavior [1][3]. - Users report starting with small doses out of curiosity, but many quickly escalate their intake, leading to dependency and adverse effects [4][7]. - Some individuals have shared extreme cases of overdose, with one user claiming to have taken 47 capsules at once, showcasing the severity of the issue [9]. Group 2: Accessibility and Regulation - Pregabalin, although a prescription medication, is often obtained through online platforms without proper medical oversight, raising concerns about regulatory effectiveness [10][13]. - Despite regulations requiring prescriptions for purchase, users have found ways to circumvent these rules by misrepresenting their conditions [14][15]. - The article notes that while some pharmacies enforce prescription requirements, others do not, leading to inconsistent access to the drug [11][12]. Group 3: Health Risks and Consequences - Medical professionals warn that excessive use of Pregabalin can lead to serious health issues, including central nervous system reactions, addiction, and potentially life-threatening conditions [16]. - Symptoms of overdose can include drowsiness, dizziness, hallucinations, and in severe cases, coma or respiratory failure [16]. - The article emphasizes the importance of professional medical guidance when using such medications, particularly for non-therapeutic purposes [16]. Group 4: Prevention and Intervention Strategies - Experts suggest a shift in approach from merely prohibiting drug use to implementing comprehensive prevention, education, and support mechanisms [19][20]. - Recommendations include enhancing public awareness about the risks of drug misuse, improving mental health services, and optimizing prescription monitoring systems [20]. - The article calls for a collaborative effort among various sectors to address the issue of prescription drug abuse effectively [20].

Core Viewpoint - The increasing trend of substance abuse among youth, particularly with non-controlled drugs, poses significant health risks and challenges for society [1][14]. Group 1: Substance Abuse Trends - The 2024 China Drug Situation Report indicates a structural change in the types of substances abused, with a rapid spread of abuse of narcotic drugs and unregulated addictive substances [1][15]. - In 2024, 76,000 cases of substance abuse were reported among individuals under 35, accounting for 86.4% of the total cases involving narcotic drugs [1]. - The report highlights that the number of individuals abusing unregulated addictive substances reached 49,000, with nitrous oxide abuse accounting for 30,000 cases, representing 61.2% of the total [15]. Group 2: Specific Drugs and Cases - Dextromethorphan, a cough suppressant, was classified as a controlled substance in China starting July 1, 2024, due to its potential for abuse [2][12]. - A case in Hunan revealed a pharmacy owner illegally selling dextromethorphan through a delivery platform, highlighting the illicit distribution channels for such substances [3][6]. - Overuse of dextromethorphan can lead to severe health consequences, including addiction and potential respiratory failure [11][9]. Group 3: Youth Vulnerability and Influences - Youth often underestimate the dangers of narcotic drugs and unregulated substances, leading to experimentation driven by curiosity or peer pressure [14]. - Factors such as family issues, academic pressure, and lack of emotional support contribute to the rising trend of substance abuse among adolescents [14]. - The availability of substances through illegal channels, including online platforms, exacerbates the problem, making it easier for youth to access these drugs [14]. Group 4: Health Risks and Consequences - Abuse of butane, a common gas used in lighters, has led to severe burn injuries among youth, with hospitals reporting a significant increase in such cases [16][29]. - The inhalation of butane can cause serious respiratory injuries and even death due to the risk of explosion when exposed to flames [23][26]. - Medical professionals emphasize the need for greater awareness of the dangers associated with butane and other easily accessible substances [28][31]. Group 5: Prevention and Education Strategies - A multi-faceted approach involving families, schools, and society is essential to create a protective environment against drug abuse [34]. - Parents are encouraged to engage with their children to identify emotional and behavioral changes that may indicate substance use [34]. - Educational institutions should integrate drug prevention education with online safety to address the risks associated with digital platforms [34].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that drug crime cases in China have been declining over the past decade, with a significant drop of 29.31% in the first five months of this year compared to the previous year, indicating a positive trend in the drug situation [1] - In 2024, the courts are expected to conclude 35,859 drug crime cases, with 49,177 defendants receiving legally effective judgments, and a heavy sentencing rate of 16.94% for those sentenced to five years or more [1] - New types of drug crimes are on the rise, particularly involving minors, with a notable increase in cases surpassing traditional drug crimes, highlighting the need for stricter legal measures [1][2] Group 2 - The Supreme Court has released 10 typical cases of drug crimes to demonstrate its firm stance on severe punishment for serious drug offenses and to emphasize the legal response to new types of drug crimes [2] - Specific cases include individuals exploiting minors for drug trafficking and selling controlled substances, with severe penalties including the death sentence for offenders [2] - The Supreme Court aims to enhance the effectiveness of drug control through rigorous criminal trials and continuous improvement in judicial guidance [2]